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    ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS AND METHODS FOR GENERATING FUEL
    2.
    发明公开
    ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS AND METHODS FOR GENERATING FUEL 审中-公开
    电化学电池和方法生产燃料

    公开(公告)号：EP2151004A4

    公开(公告)日：2014-07-16

    申请号：EP08755040

    申请日：2008-05-04

    Applicant: UNIV OHIO

    Inventor： BOTTE GERARDINE G

    IPC: H01M8/18 ,  H01M2/00

    CPC classification number: H01M8/222 ,  C25B1/00 ,  C25B1/02 ,  C25B9/08 ,  C25B9/18 ,  C25B11/041 ,  C25B11/0484 ,  G01N33/0054 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M4/926 ,  H01M8/0656 ,  H01M8/083 ,  H01M8/1233 ,  H01M2300/0014 ,  H01M2300/0068 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  Y02A50/246 ,  Y02P20/133

    Abstract: An electrochemical cell for causing a reaction that produces hydrogen, the electrochemical cell comprising: a first electrode comprising: at least one layered electrocatalyst formed of at least one active metal layer deposited on a carbon support, wherein the at least one active metal layer is active to a target species; a second electrode comprising a conductor; a basic electrolyte; ammonia, ethanol, or combinations thereof; and electrical current in communication with the first electrode. An fuel cell utilizing ammonia, ethanol, or combinations thereof, comprising: a housing; an anode disposed within the housing, the anode comprising at least one layered electrocatalyst, wherein the at least one layered electrocatalyst comprises at least one active metal layer and at least one second metal layer deposited on a carbon support; a basic electrolyte disposed adjacent the anode; a cathode disposed adjacent the basic electrolyte, wherein the cathode comprises a conductor; and an oxidant in communication with the cathode for connecting with a power conditioner, a load, or combinations thereof, wherein the power conditioner, the load, or combinations thereof is in communication with the anode, which oxidizes the ammonia, ethanol, or combinations thereof, causing the fuel cell to form an electric current. An electrochemical method for providing hydrogen using ammonia, ethanol, or combinations thereof, comprising: forming an anode comprising a layered electrocatalyst, the layered electrocatalyst comprising at least one active metal layer deposited on a carbon support; providing a cathode comprising a conductor; disposing a basic electrolyte between the anode and the cathode; disposing a fuel within the basic electrolyte; and applying a current to the anode causing the oxidation of the fuel, forming hydrogen at the cathode. A layered electrocatalyst for oxidizing ammonia, ethanol, or combinations thereof, comprising: a carbon support integrated with a conductive metal; at least one first metal plating layer at least partially deposited on the carbon support, wherein the at least one first metal plating layer is active to OH adsorption and inactive to a target species, and wherein the at least one first metal plating layer has a thickness ranging from 10 nanometers to 10 microns; and at least one second metal plating layer at least partially deposited on the at least one first metal plating layer, wherein the at least one second metal plating layer is active to the target species, and wherein the at least one second metal plating layer has a thickness ranging from 10 nanometers to 10 microns, forming a layered electrocatalyst.

    HIGH SURFACE AREA ELECTRODE STRUCTURES FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSES.
    4.
    发明公开
    HIGH SURFACE AREA ELECTRODE STRUCTURES FOR ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSES. 失效
    具有高比表面积FOR USE IN电化学过程的电极结构。

    公开(公告)号：EP0681617A4

    公开(公告)日：1996-01-24

    申请号：EP94906057

    申请日：1994-01-10

    Applicant: OLIN CORP

    Inventor： KACZUR JERRY L ,  CAWLFIELD DAVID W

    IPC: C25B1/26 ,  C25B9/08 ,  C25B11/03 ,  C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/06 ,  C25B11/10 ,  B05D3/00 ,  B05D3/10 ,  B05D3/14 ,  B05D5/12

    CPC classification number: C25B1/26 ,  C25B9/08 ,  C25B11/035 ,  C25B11/041

    Abstract: A porous, high surface area electrode comprising a fine fibrous conductive substrate having a density less than about 50 % and a specific surface area to volume ratio of greater than about 30 cm2/cm3. The individual fibers of the substrate have a length to diameter aspect ratio greater than 1000 : 1. An electrocatalyst covers at least a portion of the substrate. A current distributor is electrically connected to the coated substrate. The method of fabricating the electrode includes fabricating a fine fibrous conductive substrate, preparing the surface of the substrate for receiving an electrocatalyst covering thereon, preparing the electrocatalyst for application to the substrate and applying the electrocatalyst to the substrate. Optionally, the electrode may be further treated to promote adhesion of the electrocatalyst to the substrate or to form an intermetallic or alloy with the substrate.

    Reticulated refractory metal structure and method for making
    5.
    发明公开
    Reticulated refractory metal structure and method for making 失效
    Netzform中的Titan和Titanhydrid，Verfahren zu deren Herstellung。

    公开(公告)号：EP0099337A2

    公开(公告)日：1984-01-25

    申请号：EP83810312.5

    申请日：1983-07-08

    Applicant: ELTECH SYSTEMS LIMITED

    Inventor： Harney, Marilyn J. ,  Sane, Ajit Y. ,  Vauss, Elvin M., Jr.

    IPC: C01B6/02 ,  C22C1/08 ,  H01M4/38 ,  C25B11/04

    CPC classification number: B22F3/1121 ,  B22F3/114 ,  B22F2998/00 ,  B22F2999/00 ,  C01B6/02 ,  C25B11/03 ,  C25B11/041 ,  Y02E60/324 ,  B22F3/1112

    Abstract: A self-supporting reticulate of titanium hydride (TiH 2 ) is formed by slurry-coating an open cell organic synthetic resinous material, or other pore-former, and eliminating the carbon-containing components of binder and/or solvent, viscosity modifiers, thickening agents, and the like at a temperature below about 400°C. In an analogous manner, an inorganic refractory material open cell substrate or other pore-former substrate may be slurry-coated and converted to a TiH 2 reticulate in which the substrate is coated with TiH 2 to yield a supported TiH 2 reticulate. Either the self-supporting TiH 2 reticulate, or the supported one, free of carbonaceous material, may be sintered to yield an essentially pure Ti (metal) reticulate which is essentially free of titanium carbide. Ti reticulates so formed are coated with Pt group metal oxides and used as anodes in chloralkali cells.

    Abstract translation: 氢化钛（TiH 2）的自支撑网状物通过浆料涂覆开孔有机合成树脂材料或其它成孔剂形成，并且除去粘合剂和/或溶剂的含碳组分，粘度调节剂，增稠剂 等等。以类似的方式，可以将无机耐火材料开孔基材或其它成孔剂基材浆料涂覆并转化为TiH2网状物，其中基材涂覆有TiH 2 以产生负载的TiH 2网状物。 可以烧结自支撑TiH2网状物，或者不含碳质材料的负载型TiH2网状物，以产生基本上不含碳化钛的基本上纯的Ti（金属）网状物。 如此形成的Ti网状物涂覆有Pt族金属氧化物，并在氯碱电池中用作阳极。

    A hydrogen-evolution electrode
    10.
    发明公开
    A hydrogen-evolution electrode 失效
    电极的氢产生。

    公开(公告)号：EP0031948A1

    公开(公告)日：1981-07-15

    申请号：EP80108172.0

    申请日：1980-12-23

    Applicant: Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha

    Inventor： Yoshida, Mitsuo ,  Shiroki, Hiroyuki c/o Tsunetomi-shataku

    IPC: C25B11/04 ,  C25B11/06 ,  C23C4/00

    CPC classification number: C25B11/041 ,  C25B11/0442

    Abstract: A hydrogen-evolution electrode having a coating containing an oxide of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt and silver has been found to exhibit extremely low hydrogen overvoltage and to have not only high catalytic activity but also high durability. When the electrode having a reduced coating fabricated by reduction of said coating containing the oxide of said at least one metal, the resulting electrode exhibits extremely low hydrogen overvoltage even if the proportion of the oxide or oxides in the coating is small. Further, the electrode having a composite coating in which, beside the oxide of said at least one metal, at least one metal or oxide thereof which metal has a valency smaller than that of the first-mentioned at least one metal is additionally present in said coating, the electrode exhibits further extremely low hydrogen overvoltage, even if the proportion of oxide in the coating is large.

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