摘要:
The embodiments described herein provide analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and systems and methods for calibrating ADCs, including ADCs with poorly characterized nonlinearities that cannot be effectively calibrated with traditional calibration techniques. In general, the embodiments described herein calibrate by measuring output values from an ADC with a known calibration input values being applied. The measured output values are used to determine localized polynomial interpolants. Each of the determined localized polynomial interpolants is then evaluated at an uncorrected output value, and the evaluated localized polynomial interpolants are then used to generate correction values. These correction values can then be used to calibrate the ADC during later operation. Such a calibration technique can provide effective calibration for a variety of ADCs, including ADCs that use inverter-based voltage-to-current (VI) converters and current-controlled ring oscillators.
摘要:
An apparatus for determining a measurement value for the oscillations of an oscillator having a plurality of phase outputs that have occurred in one reference interval includes at least one counter connected to a predetermined phase output of the oscillator and incremented at a predetermined change of state of the phase output. Further, the apparatus comprises an evaluation means connected to the plurality of phase outputs and the counter, wherein the evaluation means is implemented to determine, at the end of the reference interval, a relative phase value of the oscillator with respect to the phase value associated with the predetermined phase output, and to determine the measurement value by using the count at the end of the reference interval and by using the relative phase value.
摘要:
The present invention discloses a one-dimension position measurement system comprising: - a first ruler, on which is applied a first one-dimension code, - a second ruler, on which is applied a second one-dimension code, - a camera for acquiring simultaneously a picture of a portion of the first one-dimension code and of a portion of the second one-dimension code, and - some processing means.
According to the invention, the second ruler is disposed parallel to the first ruler, one end of said first ruler being tied to one end of said second ruler, the other end of said first and second rulers being free. Moreover, said first and second rulers are made of material having different temperature expansion coefficients.
摘要:
A current-steered DAC has first and second differential outputs for providing an analog output signal under control of a digital input signal. In operational use of the DAC, the output signal has a differential component, which is representative of the digital input signal, and also has a first common-mode component. The DAC has circuitry operative to add an extra common-mode component to both the first and second differential outputs so as to make a sum of the first common-mode component and the extra common-mode component substantially independent of a state change of the digital input signal.
摘要:
A digital to analogue converter comprises a plurality of current sources (T0-Tn) and corresponding selection switches (D0-Dn) which connect the current sources to an output (3). In order to enable a constant capacitance to be presented at the output (3) regardless of the input digital code a plurality of dummy current sources ( T 0- T n) which take the same form as the current sources (T0-Tn) are provided. The dummy current sources have associated selection switches ( D 0- D n) which are operated by the logical inverse of the code applied to the current sources (T0-Tn).
摘要:
A D/A converter includes a triangular unit weight array (WA). A decoder (D) transforms digital samples into control signals (x[1], ..., x[5]) having a linearly weighted binary representation. These control signals are used for activation/deactivation of entire rows (columns) of the triangular unit weight array. Finally the unit weights are combined into an analog output signal.
摘要:
A method of canceling noise in analog circuits is described along with noise cancellation circuits. Analog circuits are sensitive to noise. Especially in mixed signal environments where digital circuits and analog circuits are combined, the noise generated by relatively noisy digital circuits often cause the analog circuits to produce incorrect output signals. Instead of shielding or separating the susceptible analog circuits from noisy digital circuits, additional circuitry is added where one of the added circuits, denoted as the noise separator circuit, produce only the noise component of the output signal, the first output, of the analog circuit adversely affected by the noise. Then, another circuit is used to subtract the noise from the first output, thereby producing a noise-free output signal. Alternatively, the noise separator circuit can be made to produce the inverse of the first output, including the inverse of the noise. Then, the first output and the inverse output can be added and halved to produce the desired, noise-free output.
摘要:
An n-bit current switching digital-to-analog converter of the type in which each weighted current I k , k=1, ..., n, of a set of n weighted currents has an associated current steering switch, said digital-to-analog converter comprises: a plurality of input means (201,203,205,209), each input means coupled to an associated current steering switch (211), each input means (201,203,205,209) inputting a data signal representative of one bit of an n-bit data word, at a predetermined data rate, to said associated current steering switch, said current steering switch (211) responsive to said data signal to conduct I k to a first summing rail (RAIL) when the data signal is of a first value and to conduct I k to a second summing rail (RAILBAR) when the data signal is of a second value; current source means (1) coupled to said current steering switches (211) for providing said set of n weighted currents; and sampling means (9) coupled to the first and second summing rails (RAIL, RAILBAR) for providing a first and second output (321,317), respectively, said first and second output (321,317) representing a sample of the summed currents on the first and second summing rails (RAIL, RAILBAR) after the current has settled to a steady-state value and prior to a succeeding data transition.