摘要:
Disclosed herein are methods and apparatuses for adding thermal energy to a glass melt. Apparatuses for generating a thermal plasma disclosed herein comprise an electrode, a grounded electrode, a dielectric plasma confinement vessel extending between the two electrodes, and a magnetic field generator extending around the dielectric plasma confinement vessel. Also disclosed herein are methods for fining molten glass comprising generating a thermal plasma using the apparatuses disclosed herein and contacting the molten glass with the thermal plasma. Glass structures produced according to these methods are also disclosed herein.
摘要:
A system and method for generating a plasma. An embodiment of the system for generating a plasma may include a first electrode; a second electrode disposed adjacent the first electrode; a first power supply for supplying power at the second electrode; a second power supply for generating a magnetic field; and a sequencer for coordinating a discharge of power from the first power supply and a discharge of power from the second power supply. The first power supply may be configured such that the discharge of power from the first power supply generates a plasma between the first electrode and the second electrode. The second power supply may be configured such that the magnetic field generated by the discharge of power from the second power supply rotates the plasma.
摘要:
A plasma generator capable of performing intermittent operation of repeating a sequence operation including start, sustaining, and stop of a cathode arc plasma for a long time. The plasma generator for forming a thin film comprises a cathode (4) for supplying constituent particles of an arc plasma and a trigger-cum-anode (6) for starting and sustaining the arc plasma. The cathode surface (4a) of the cathode (4) is flat or finely irregular, and the anode surface (6c) of the trigger-cum-anode (6) brought into contact with the cathode surface (4a) is flat. The anode surface (6c) is so arranged as to be brought into contact with the whole cathode surface (4a) when a plasma is started. The contact point between a fine projection end (4b) of the cathode surface (4a) and the anode surface (6c) is made a plasma emission point. When the projection is consumed by plasma emission, another projection end which can be brought into contact with the anode surface (6c) is used as another plasma emission point, thus enabling intermittent operation of persistently repeating the sequence operation. Consequently, a stable plasma can be produced for a long time.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method and to a device for operating a plasma burner (1) for machining workpieces (2), wherein a gas (G) is fed to the workpiece (2) in a bundled manner by a jet source (3), and the gas jet (GS) is ionized by means of an arc (L), thereby forming a plasma jet (P), wherein the arc (L) is ignited between at least two electrodes (4) disposed next to the gas jet (GS) and is operated such that the arc (L) traverses the gas jet (GS), thereby thermally exciting it. In order to reduce the thermal load of the jet source (3) of the plasma burner (1), and in order to enable the machining of electrically non-conductive workpieces (2), it is provided to focus the plasma jet (P).
摘要:
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for generating a plasma (9) in a working vacuum chamber, in which an arc discharge is generated between a hollow cathode (1) and an anode (4), and the hollow cathode (1) is arranged in a magnetic field (6) which, at least in a region penetrating the hollow cathode (1), is formed with field lines that extend essentially parallel to the axis of the hollow cathode, wherein the anode (4) is constructed in such a way that this encloses the hollow cathode (1) at least on the side from which the electrons exit, and the strength of the magnetic field (6) is set to such a level that by reducing the flow (7) of a gas flowing through the hollow cathode (1) the plasma density in the working vacuum chamber is increased.
摘要:
The invention relates to a plasma burner with microwave stimulation, by means of which a stable plasma (5) can be generated even with significant pressure variations for the process gas. Said plasma burner comprises, in addition to a diameter enlargement (4) of the cavity (3) in the region of the plasma (5) as already disclosed in DE 19 511 915 A1, electrically-conducting windings (12), coaxially encompassing the plasma (5) within the cavity formed by the diameter enlargement. Said windings (12) permit the electrical waveguide system, formed by the diametrically-enlarged cavity (4) and windings (12) as coaxial outer guide and the plasma as coaxial inner guide, to be suitable for the transmission of microwaves in said region of the plasma burner with regard to the parameters of impedance and transmission bandwidth in a particular manner, even with significant pressure variations in the process gas and corresponding variable conductance conditions. Said plasma burner is characterised in operation by a stable plasma (5) and very good ignition and re-ignition properties.