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公开(公告)号：US08461519B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-11
申请号：US13593844
申请日：2012-08-24
IPC分类号： G01V5/08
CPC分类号： G01N21/3554 , G01F1/74 , G01N21/314 , G01N21/8507 , G01N33/2847 , G01N2021/3137 , G01N2021/3166 , G01N2021/3177 , G01N2021/3188
摘要： Methods and apparatus enable monitoring a hydrocarbon well for water within a flow stream of the well. A water detector includes a light source for emitting into a flow stream infrared light that includes a water absorbent wavelength band. A detector detects attenuation of the water absorbent wavelength band upon the infrared radiation passing through at least a portion of the flow stream. The water detector outputs a presence of water and/or a phase fraction or quantification of water as determined based on the attenuation. Detecting attenuation of a substantially transmissive wavelength band with respect to water simultaneously with detection of the attenuation of the water absorbent wavelength band can enable correction for non-wavelength dependent attenuation.
摘要翻译： 方法和设备能够监测井的流体流内的烃井。 水检测器包括用于发射到包括吸水波长带的流动红外光的光源。 当红外辐射通过流动流的至少一部分时，检测器检测吸水波长带的衰减。 水检测器输出基于衰减确定的水的存在和/或相分数或水的定量。 检测相对于水的基本上透射的波长带的衰减同时检测吸水波长带的衰减可以使得能够进行非波长相关衰减的校正。
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公开(公告)号：US20090211369A1
公开(公告)日：2009-08-27
申请号：US12035578
申请日：2008-02-22
申请人： Omer Haldun Unalmis , Espen S. Johansen , Leslie Wayne Perry , Alejandro Vera , Daniel Rodriguez , Vijay Ramakrishnan
发明人： Omer Haldun Unalmis , Espen S. Johansen , Leslie Wayne Perry , Alejandro Vera , Daniel Rodriguez , Vijay Ramakrishnan
摘要： Methods and apparatus enable measuring flow of a fluid within a conduit. For example, flowmeters may measure the velocity of production fluid flowing through production pipe of an oil/gas well. The flowmeters rely on detection of pressure variations generated as a result of a backward-facing step as a basis for flow measurement calculations. Pressure sensing occurs away from the step in a direction of the flow of the fluid in an enhanced turbulence region of the flowmeter where the inner diameter remains enlarged as a result of the step.
摘要翻译： 方法和装置能够测量导管内流体的流动。 例如，流量计可以测量流过油/气井的生产管道的生产流体的速度。 流量计依赖于作为流量测量计算的基础的后向步骤的结果产生的压力变化的检测。 在步进的结果是内径保持扩大的流量计的增强湍流区域中的流体的流动方向上的压力感测远离步进。
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公开(公告)号：US07281415B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-16
申请号：US11204729
申请日：2005-08-16
申请人： Espen S. Johansen
发明人： Espen S. Johansen
IPC分类号： G01N37/00
CPC分类号： E21B47/10 , G01N9/26 , G01N9/36 , G01N29/024 , G01N33/2823 , G01N2291/024 , G01N2291/02433 , G01N2291/02818
摘要： Embodiments of the present invention generally provide methods, apparatus, and systems for determining void fractions of individual phase components of a multiphase mixture. The void fractions may be determined based on measured parameters of the mixture as a whole, such as differential pressure, bulk velocity of the mixture and speed of sound in the mixture. According to some embodiments, the mixture parameters may be measured using non-intrusive fiber optic based sensors. Various other parameters may also be derived from the void fractions, such as individual phase flow rates, liquid holdup and watercut parameters (for oil and gas mixtures).
摘要翻译： 本发明的实施方案通常提供用于确定多相混合物的各相成分的空隙率的方法，装置和系统。 空隙率可以基于混合物整体的测量参数来确定，例如混合物的压差，混合物的体积速度和声速。 根据一些实施例，可以使用非侵入式光纤传感器来测量混合参数。 还可以从空隙部分得到各种其它参数，例如单个相流速率，液体滞留量和水切参数（对于油和气体混合物）。
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公开(公告)号：US20120318502A1
公开(公告)日：2012-12-20
申请号：US13593844
申请日：2012-08-24
CPC分类号： G01N21/3554 , G01F1/74 , G01N21/314 , G01N21/8507 , G01N33/2847 , G01N2021/3137 , G01N2021/3166 , G01N2021/3177 , G01N2021/3188
摘要： Methods and apparatus enable monitoring a hydrocarbon well for water within a flow stream of the well. A water detector includes a light source for emitting into a flow stream infrared light that includes a water absorbent wavelength band. A detector detects attenuation of the water absorbent wavelength band upon the infrared radiation passing through at least a portion of the flow stream. The water detector outputs a presence of water and/or a phase fraction or quantification of water as determined based on the attenuation. Detecting attenuation of a substantially transmissive wavelength band with respect to water simultaneously with detection of the attenuation of the water absorbent wavelength band can enable correction for non-wavelength dependent attenuation.
摘要翻译： 方法和设备能够监测井的流体流内的烃井。 水检测器包括用于发射到包括吸水波长带的流动红外光的光源。 当红外辐射通过流动流的至少一部分时，检测器检测吸水波长带的衰减。 水检测器输出基于衰减确定的水的存在和/或相分数或水的定量。 检测相对于水的基本上透射的波长带的衰减同时检测吸水波长带的衰减可以使得能够进行非波长相关衰减的校正。
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公开(公告)号：US08274041B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-25
申请号：US13250287
申请日：2011-09-30
IPC分类号： G01V5/08
CPC分类号： G01N21/3554 , G01F1/74 , G01N21/314 , G01N21/8507 , G01N33/2847 , G01N2021/3137 , G01N2021/3166 , G01N2021/3177 , G01N2021/3188
摘要： Methods and apparatus enable monitoring a hydrocarbon well for water within a flow stream of the well. A water detector includes a light source for emitting into a flow stream infrared light that includes a water absorbent wavelength band. A detector detects attenuation of the water absorbent wavelength band upon the infrared radiation passing through at least a portion of the flow stream. The water detector outputs a presence of water and/or a phase fraction or quantification of water as determined based on the attenuation. Detecting attenuation of a substantially transmissive wavelength band with respect to water simultaneously with detection of the attenuation of the water absorbent wavelength band can enable correction for non-wavelength dependent attenuation.
摘要翻译： 方法和设备能够监测井的流体流内的烃井。 水检测器包括用于发射到包括吸水波长带的流动红外光的光源。 当红外辐射通过流动流的至少一部分时，检测器检测吸水波长带的衰减。 水检测器输出基于衰减确定的水的存在和/或相分数或水的定量。 检测相对于水的基本上透射的波长带的衰减同时检测吸水波长带的衰减可以使得能够进行非波长相关衰减的校正。
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公开(公告)号：US20120080587A1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-05
申请号：US13250287
申请日：2011-09-30
IPC分类号： G01V8/16
CPC分类号： G01N21/3554 , G01F1/74 , G01N21/314 , G01N21/8507 , G01N33/2847 , G01N2021/3137 , G01N2021/3166 , G01N2021/3177 , G01N2021/3188
摘要： Methods and apparatus enable monitoring a hydrocarbon well for water within a flow stream of the well. A water detector includes a light source for emitting into a flow stream infrared light that includes a water absorbent wavelength band. A detector detects attenuation of the water absorbent wavelength band upon the infrared radiation passing through at least a portion of the flow stream. The water detector outputs a presence of water and/or a phase fraction or quantification of water as determined based on the attenuation. Detecting attenuation of a substantially transmissive wavelength band with respect to water simultaneously with detection of the attenuation of the water absorbent wavelength band can enable correction for non-wavelength dependent attenuation.
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公开(公告)号：US20110203386A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-25
申请号：US13019182
申请日：2011-02-01
申请人： ESPEN S. JOHANSEN
发明人： ESPEN S. JOHANSEN
IPC分类号： G01F1/708
CPC分类号： G01F1/74 , G01F1/7086 , G01F1/712 , G01N21/4133 , G01N21/552
摘要： Method and apparatus enable direct measurement of at least one flow velocity for one or more phases within a multiphase fluid mixture flowing in a conduit. Some embodiments provide determination of actual individual phase flow rates for three phases (e.g., oil, water and gas) that are distinct from one another within the fluid mixture. A multiphase flowmeter according to embodiments of the invention includes at least two optical sensors spatially distributed along a length of the conduit and designed to detect light interactions with the fluid mixture unique to the phases such that detected time-varying signals can be processed via cross-correlation or an array processing algorithm to provide desired individual phase flow velocity for oil, water and/or gas phases. This flow velocity can be applied to phase fraction measurements, which can be obtained utilizing the same flowmeter or another separate device, to calculate the flow rates for the phases.
摘要翻译： 方法和装置使得能够直接测量在管道中流动的多相流体混合物中的一个或多个相的至少一个流速。 一些实施例提供在流体混合物内彼此不同的三相（例如，油，水和气）的实际单相流量的确定。 根据本发明的实施例的多相流量计包括至少两个在导管的长度上空间分布的光学传感器，并被设计成检测与相位独特的流体混合物的光相互作用，使得可以通过交叉点处理检测到的时变信号， 相关性或阵列处理算法，以为油，水和/或气相提供期望的单个相流速度。 该流速可以应用于相分数测量，其可以使用相同的流量计或另一个单独的装置获得，以计算相的流速。
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公开(公告)号：US07880133B2
公开(公告)日：2011-02-01
申请号：US11421700
申请日：2006-06-01
申请人： Espen S. Johansen
发明人： Espen S. Johansen
IPC分类号： G01V8/20
CPC分类号： G01F1/74 , G01F1/7086 , G01F1/712 , G01N21/4133 , G01N21/552
摘要： Method and apparatus enable direct measurement of at least one flow velocity for one or more phases within a multiphase fluid mixture flowing in a conduit. Some embodiments provide determination of actual individual phase flow rates for three phases (e.g., oil, water and gas) that are distinct from one another within the fluid mixture. A multiphase flowmeter according to embodiments of the invention includes at least two optical sensors spatially distributed along a length of the conduit and designed to detect light interactions with the fluid mixture unique to the phases such that detected time-varying signals can be processed via cross-correlation or an array processing algorithm to provide desired individual phase flow velocity for oil, water and/or gas phases. This flow velocity can be applied to phase fraction measurements, which can be obtained utilizing the same flowmeter or another separate device, to calculate the flow rates for the phases.
摘要翻译： 方法和装置使得能够直接测量在管道中流动的多相流体混合物中的一个或多个相的至少一个流速。 一些实施例提供在流体混合物内彼此不同的三相（例如，油，水和气）的实际单相流量的确定。 根据本发明的实施例的多相流量计包括至少两个在导管的长度上空间分布的光学传感器，并被设计成检测与相位独特的流体混合物的光相互作用，使得可以通过交叉点处理检测到的时变信号， 相关性或阵列处理算法，以为油，水和/或气相提供期望的单个相流速度。 该流速可以应用于相分数测量，其可以使用相同的流量计或另一个单独的装置获得，以计算相的流速。
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公开(公告)号：US20100138169A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-03
申请号：US12698772
申请日：2010-02-02
CPC分类号： G01F1/74 , G01F1/44 , G01F1/7082 , G01F1/7086 , G01N21/3554 , G01N21/359 , G01N2291/02836 , G01N2291/02872
摘要： Methods and apparatus determine phase fractions for phases within a fluid mixture flow under a wide range of flow conditions including wet-gas flow. Appropriate flow algorithms can utilize this phase fraction information with a total flow rate of the mixture to find individual flow rates for phases, such as oil, water, and gas or gas and liquid, which can represent a combination of oil and water phases. For some embodiments, a multiphase flowmeter includes an array of spatially distributed pressure sensors configured to determine a velocity of the mixture flow and hence the total flow rate, which is applied with information from a differential pressure meter to calculate the bulk density of the fluid mixture. Further, additional speed of sound information or a water-in-liquid ratio as may be determined by spectral analysis can enable differentiation between the oil and water phases.
摘要翻译： 方法和装置在包括湿气流的宽范围的流动条件下确定流体混合物流中的相的相分数。 适当的流量算法可以利用混合物的总流速来获得相位分数信息，以找出各个阶段的单独流量，例如油，水，气体或气体和液体，这可以代表油相和水相的组合。 对于一些实施例，多相流量计包括空间分布的压力传感器的阵列，其被配置为确定混合物流的速度，并因此确定总流量，其中应用来自差压计的信息以计算流体混合物的体积密度 。 此外，可以通过光谱分析确定的附加声音信息速度或水中液体比可以使油相和水相之间的区分。
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公开(公告)号：US07654155B2
公开(公告)日：2010-02-02
申请号：US11625460
申请日：2007-01-22
IPC分类号： G01F1/44
CPC分类号： G01F1/74 , G01F1/44 , G01F1/7082 , G01F1/7086 , G01N21/3554 , G01N21/359 , G01N2291/02836 , G01N2291/02872
摘要： Methods and apparatus determine phase fractions for phases within a fluid mixture flow under a wide range of flow conditions including wet-gas flow. Appropriate flow algorithms can utilize this phase fraction information with a total flow rate of the mixture to find individual flow rates for phases, such as oil, water, and gas or gas and liquid, which can represent a combination of oil and water phases. For some embodiments, a multiphase flowmeter includes an array of spatially distributed pressure sensors configured to determine a velocity of the mixture flow and hence the total flow rate, which is applied with information from a differential pressure meter to calculate the bulk density of the fluid mixture. Further, additional speed of sound information or a water-in-liquid ratio as may be determined by spectral analysis can enable differentiation between the oil and water phases.
摘要翻译： 方法和装置在包括湿气流的宽范围的流动条件下确定流体混合物流中的相的相分数。 合适的流动算法可以利用混合物的总流速来获得相位分数信息，以找出相位的各个流量，例如油，水，以及可以代表油相和水相的组合的气体或气体和液体。 对于一些实施例，多相流量计包括空间分布的压力传感器的阵列，其被配置为确定混合物流的速度，并因此确定总流量，其中应用来自差压计的信息以计算流体混合物的体积密度 。 此外，可以通过光谱分析确定的附加声音信息速度或液体/液体比率可以使得油相和水相之间的区分。
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