摘要:
A gas sensor is used for determining a concentration of a predetermined gas in a measurement volume. The gas sensor comprises a light source and a detector arranged to receive light that has passed through the measurement volume. During a first measurement period, the detector is used to make a first measurement of an amount of light received in at least one wavelength band which is absorbed by the gas. The first measurement is compared to a predetermined threshold value. If the threshold is crossed, during a second measurement period the detector is used to make a second measurement of an amount of light received in at least one wavelength band which is absorbed by the gas. The concentration of said gas in said measurement volume is calculated using the first and/or second measurement.
摘要:
Methods and apparatus enable monitoring a hydrocarbon well for water within a flow stream of the well. A water detector includes a light source for emitting into a flow stream infrared light that includes a water absorbent wavelength band. A detector detects attenuation of the water absorbent wavelength band upon the infrared radiation passing through at least a portion of the flow stream. The water detector outputs a presence of water and/or a phase fraction or quantification of water as determined based on the attenuation. Detecting attenuation of a substantially transmissive wavelength band with respect to water simultaneously with detection of the attenuation of the water absorbent wavelength band can enable correction for non-wavelength dependent attenuation.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for the noninvasive detection of a concentration of a substance in a body, such as glucose in the human bloodstream is disclosed. The apparatus measures substance concentration by detecting radiation in the far infrared range emitted by the body using an infrared detected in combination with a set of adequate filters. In order to achieve the accuracy required, the radiation values detected by the detector are corrected for the emissions of the system components. The temperature of each system component including the detector temperature and an ambient temperate is determined using temperature sensors attached to the various system components. These temperatures are correlated with a set of predetermined calibration parameters to correct the detector readings.
摘要:
A spectroscopic sensor for measuring flat sheet product is disclosed. The disclosed sensor uses a combination of spectrometers and single-channel detectors and filters together with a broadband source of illumination to optimally measure multiple properties of a flat sheet product. A spectrometer is used to measure over a spectral range where an easily configurable set of wavelength channels is needed and where the signal-to-noise ratios and spectral resolutions of the channels are consistent with the spectral range and number of pixels of the spectrometer; while one or more single channel detector and filter combinations are used to measure, with high signal-to-noise ratio, at specific wavelengths within or outside the spectral range of the spectrometer(s). Therefore, the single channel detectors can be used to complement the information provided by a spectrometer or to extend the working range of a spectrometer by providing single wavelength measurements anywhere in the visible, near-IR or mid-IR spectral regions.
摘要:
Disclosed is a method and apparatus for detecting the type of anesthetic gas. The method comprises the steps of: generating a light with a plurality of wavelengths, the light being able to be separated to a plurality of light beams whose central frequencies correspond to the plurality of wavelengths; passing said light through a gas chamber, wherein, the gas chamber being filled with said anesthetic gas, said anesthetic gas having absorption characteristic with respect to said plurality of light beams; detecting the light intensity of the attenuated light beams transmitted from the gas chamber respectively, to obtain the relative absorption characteristic of said attenuated light beams, which attenuated light beams having been absorbed by said anesthetic gas; and determining the type of said anesthetic gas based on the relative absorption characteristic between said attenuated light beams.
摘要:
Disclosed is a sensor and method for detecting one or more gasses in a sample. The sensor includes two sample tube sections, which allow for a larger sample, and correspondingly, more accurate measurement. Having two sample tube sections increases the total length of the sample path. However, placing the sample tube sections in parallel allows for the performance of the sensor to be enhanced, but the footprint of the sensor to remain unchanged. Light pipe material may be used to transport the light between sample tube sections. Further, light pipe material may be used to move the IR lamp away from the first filter tube section, reducing problems in the thermopile by dissipating heat from the IR lamp away from the sample tube section.
摘要:
A blood coagulation analyzer comprises: a light irradiation unit configured to apply light onto a container configured to store a measurement specimen containing a sample and a reagent, and comprising: light sources including a first light source configured to generate light of a first wavelength for blood coagulation time measurement, a second light source configured to generate light of a second wavelength for synthetic substrate measurement, and a third light source configured to generate light of a third wavelength for immunonephelometry measurement; and optical fiber parts facing the respective light sources; a light reception part configured to receive light transmitted through the container; and an analysis unit configured to analyze the sample using an electric signal outputted from the light reception part.
摘要:
A sensor for measuring a concentration of a particular ion, molecule or atom in a fluid includes a sample handling portion for providing at least some of the fluid, a first photo-detection device, and a first light source. The first photo-detection device is configured to measure a power of light incident thereon, and the first light source includes a solid-state light emitting device. The first light source is configured to emit light having a wavelength less than 240 nanometers incident on the fluid provided by the sample handling portion, and the first photo-detection device is configured to receive light having passed through the fluid.
摘要:
A gas detector includes a receiver configured to receive light from a light source through gas, the light source having a bandwidth on the order of an absorption linewidth of the gas, the receiver including at least a first etalon having a transmission bandwidth on the order of the absorption linewidth of the gas, the transmission bandwidth of the first etalon being substantially smaller than the bandwidth of the light source. The gas detector further includes a first detector for detecting light transmitted through the first etalon, a second detector for detecting light reflected from the first etalon, and a processor that determines the quantity of gas based on the detected transmitted and reflected light. The gas detector can further include a second etalon with a transmission bandwidth approximately equal and adjacent to the transmission bandwidth of the first etalon. Alternatively, the gas detector can include a beam separator that separates the light from the light source into a first beam and a second beam, with a small deflection angle between the first beam and the second beam, thereby modifying the effective thickness of a single optical element for each beam and forming the first and second etalon in the optical element.
摘要:
A device for determining the composition of a mixture of fluids by spectral absorption, comprises: a radiation source; a detector for detecting radiation that has been attenuated by the mixture; and a device for separating the radiation into a wavelength band corresponding to an absorption band of one of the fluids, a wavelength band corresponding to an absorption band of another of the fluids, and at least one reference wavelength band substantially adjacent to each of the absorption bands, and especially adjacent to each side of the absorption band or group of absorption bands. The device may be used to determine the composition of mixtures of oil, water and gaseous hydrocarbons in oil wells where there is a very large degree of time varying scattering e.g. Rayleigh and Mie scattering due to turbulence.