公开(公告)号：US10284472B2

公开(公告)日：2019-05-07

申请号：US15414589

申请日：2017-01-24

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Nataraj Bacthu ,  Ayan Banerjee ,  Raghava Sivaramu ,  Ankan Ghosh

IPC: H04L12/745 ,  H04L12/743

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving a request to add a prefix to memory for a route lookup at a forwarding device, the memory comprising a plurality of pivot tiles for storing pivot entries, each of the pivot entries comprising a plurality of prefixes and a pointer to a trie index, searching at the forwarding device, a dynamic pool of the pivot tiles based on a base-width associated with the prefix, allocating at least a portion of the pivot tile to the base-width and creating a pivot entry for the prefix and other prefixes with a corresponding base-width, and dynamically updating prefixes stored on the pivot tiles based on route changes to optimize storage of prefixes on the pivot tiles. An apparatus and logic are also disclosed herein.

公开(公告)号：US10230623B2

公开(公告)日：2019-03-12

申请号：US15217819

申请日：2016-07-22

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Malick Mohamed Usman ,  Srinivasan Ramabadran ,  Raghava Sivaramu ,  Sriram Srinivasan ,  Srini Ananthakrishnan

IPC: H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/707 ,  H04L12/46 ,  H04L12/721

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for scaling Massively Scalable Data Center (MSDC) networks with a large number of end-point tunnels utilizing Equal-cost multi-path routing (ECMP). The systems and methods can use the NO-OP label operations to maintain single ECMP objects to switch a set of segment routing tunnels that share the same ECMP links. The forwarding engine can determine the use of the NO-OP label operation and update a received packet to enable the use of the single ECMP objects of the set of segment routing tunnels.

公开(公告)号：US20170346721A1

公开(公告)日：2017-11-30

申请号：US15216651

申请日：2016-07-21

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Nataraj Bacthu ,  Raghava Sivaramu ,  Srinivasan Ramabadran ,  Terry Fangcheng Tang ,  Lenin Babu Dontuboyina

IPC: H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/46 ,  H04L12/721 ,  H04L12/931

CPC classification number: H04L45/16 ,  H04L12/1886 ,  H04L12/4641 ,  H04L45/70 ,  H04L49/201 ,  H04L49/354 ,  H04L49/70

Abstract: Aspects of the subject technology relate to systems for arbitrating direct forwarder (“DF”) instantiation between VPC peers used to facilitating the transport of bidirectional multicast traffic over a L2/L3 network boundary. In some aspects, arbitration of DF instantiation on a given VPC peer can include determining a first set of metrics for a first VPC switch, determining a second set of metrics for a second VPC switch, and determining, at the first VPC switch, whether to instantiate a designated forwarder (DF) operation based on a comparison of the first set of metrics and the second set of metrics. Methods and machine-readable media are also provided.

公开(公告)号：US20150131655A1

公开(公告)日：2015-05-14

申请号：US14080202

申请日：2013-11-14

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Deepak Dayama ,  Raghava Sivaramu ,  Dhananjaya Rao ,  Nataraj Bacthu

IPC: H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/947 ,  H04L12/933 ,  H04L12/931 ,  H04L12/54 ,  H04L12/753

CPC classification number: H04W72/005 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/185 ,  H04L12/1886 ,  H04L12/189 ,  H04L12/4675 ,  H04L12/5601 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/48 ,  H04L49/1569 ,  H04L49/203 ,  H04L49/256 ,  H04W24/02 ,  H04W48/16

Abstract: Techniques are provided for optimizing multicast routing in a network. At a router device, a message is sent to one or more physical devices. The message is configured to solicit a response indicating a network assignment for each of the physical devices. A response message is received from each of the physical devices. The response message comprises network assignment information for each of the physical devices. For each of the physical devices, the network assignment information is translated into a segment identifier. The segment identifier is distributed to other router devices in the network

Abstract translation: 提供技术来优化网络中的多播路由。 在路由器设备上，向一个或多个物理设备发送消息。 消息被配置为请求指示每个物理设备的网络分配的响应。 从每个物理设备接收到响应消息。 响应消息包括用于每个物理设备的网络分配信息。 对于每个物理设备，网络分配信息被转换成段标识符。 分段标识符分发给网络中的其他路由器设备

公开(公告)号：US11218336B2

公开(公告)日：2022-01-04

申请号：US16842422

申请日：2020-04-07

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Swami Narayanan ,  Ambrish Mehta ,  Venkatesh Srinivasan ,  Raghava Sivaramu ,  Ayan Banerjee

IPC: H04L12/46 ,  H04L12/04 ,  H04L29/06

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosed technology address limitations relating to packet replication for multi-destination traffic, by providing methods for performing hardware-based replication in network infrastructure devices, such as switches. In some aspects, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) resident in physical devices can be used to perform packet replication. Depending on implementation, a hardware-based replication process can include steps for receiving a first packet that includes a first outer header containing first address information, receiving a second packet including a second outer header containing a hardware replication flag, forwarding the first packet to all virtual tunnel endpoints (VTEPs) connected with the TOR switch, and performing hardware replication for the second packet based on the hardware replication flag to generate one or more unicast packets. Systems and machine readable media are also provided.

公开(公告)号：US10659346B2

公开(公告)日：2020-05-19

申请号：US16297171

申请日：2019-03-08

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Malick Mohamed Usman ,  Srinivasan Ramabadran ,  Raghava Sivaramu ,  Sriram Srinivasan ,  Srini Ananthakrishnan

IPC: H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/707 ,  H04L12/46 ,  H04L12/721 ,  H04L12/723

Abstract: Disclosed are systems and methods for scaling Massively Scalable Data Center (MSDC) networks with a large number of end-point tunnels utilizing Equal-cost multi-path routing (ECMP). The systems and methods can use the NO-OP label operations to maintain single ECMP objects to switch a set of segment routing tunnels that share the same ECMP links. The forwarding engine can determine the use of the NO-OP label operation and update a received packet to enable the use of the single ECMP objects of the set of segment routing tunnels.

公开(公告)号：US09634927B1

公开(公告)日：2017-04-25

申请号：US14657093

申请日：2015-03-13

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Hardeep Singh ,  Srinivasan Ramabadran ,  Raghava Sivaramu ,  Mahesh Mariappa Krishnappa

IPC: H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/721 ,  H04L12/713

CPC classification number: H04L45/745 ,  H04L12/4641

Abstract: A hierarchical lookup forwarding model to induce a Layer (L2) forwarding look up in a post-routed virtual local area network (VLAN). In one example, a line card of a networking device receives a packet for routing from a first virtual local VLAN to a second VLAN. The line card determines that the packet is associated with a host route having a corresponding incomplete Layer 3 (L3) adjacency. The line card steers the packet to a fabric module of the networking device. The fabric module performs an L2 lookup on the packet and floods the packet to one or more of line cards of the networking devices. The one or more line cards flood the packet on a plurality of external ports of the networking device.

公开(公告)号：US09294292B2

公开(公告)日：2016-03-22

申请号：US14080202

申请日：2013-11-14

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Deepak Dayama ,  Raghava Sivaramu ,  Dhananjaya Rao ,  Nataraj Bacthu

IPC: H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/54 ,  H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/753 ,  H04L12/933 ,  H04L12/931 ,  H04L12/947 ,  H04L12/46

CPC classification number: H04W72/005 ,  H04L12/18 ,  H04L12/185 ,  H04L12/1886 ,  H04L12/189 ,  H04L12/4675 ,  H04L12/5601 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/16 ,  H04L45/48 ,  H04L49/1569 ,  H04L49/203 ,  H04L49/256 ,  H04W24/02 ,  H04W48/16

Abstract: Techniques are provided for optimizing multicast routing in a network. At a router device, a message is sent to one or more physical devices. The message is configured to solicit a response indicating a network assignment for each of the physical devices. A response message is received from each of the physical devices. The response message comprises network assignment information for each of the physical devices. For each of the physical devices, the network assignment information is translated into a segment identifier. The segment identifier is distributed to other router devices in the network.

公开(公告)号：US20140086041A1

公开(公告)日：2014-03-27

申请号：US13629587

申请日：2012-09-27

Applicant: CISCO TECHNOLOGY, INC.

Inventor： Varun Shah ,  Tissa Senevirathne ,  Ayan Banerjee ,  Ronak Desai ,  Raghava Sivaramu

IPC: H04L12/24 ,  H04L12/44

CPC classification number: H04L12/44 ,  H04L45/48

Abstract: A method is provided in one example and includes broadcasting a switching node identifier associated with a first link-state protocol enabled switching node to a plurality of link-state protocol enabled switching nodes. The plurality of link-state protocol enabled switching nodes are in communication with one another by a link-state protocol cloud. The method further includes broadcasting a priority associated with the first link-state protocol enabled switching node to the plurality of link-state protocol enabled switching nodes. The method further includes broadcasting connectivity information of the first link-state protocol enabled switching node to the plurality of link-state protocol enabled switching nodes using the link-state protocol cloud. The connectivity information includes connectivity of the first link-state protocol enabled switching node with at least one spanning tree protocol enabled switching node.

Abstract translation: 在一个示例中提供了一种方法，并且包括将与启用第一链路状态协议的交换节点相关联的交换节点标识广播到多个支持链路状态协议的交换节点。 多个链路状态协议使能的交换节点通过链路状态协议云彼此通信。 该方法还包括将与启用第一链路状态协议的交换节点相关联的优先级广播到多个支持链路状态协议的交换节点。 该方法还包括使用链路状态协议云将具有第一链路状态协议的交换节点的连接信息广播到使用多个链路状态协议的交换节点。 连通性信息包括启用第一链路状态协议的交换节点与至少一个支持生成树协议的交换节点的连通性。

公开(公告)号：US10333828B2

公开(公告)日：2019-06-25

申请号：US15216651

申请日：2016-07-21

Applicant: Cisco Technology, Inc.

Inventor： Nataraj Bacthu ,  Raghava Sivaramu ,  Srinivasan Ramabadran ,  Terry Fangcheng Tang ,  Lenin Babu Dontuboyina

IPC: H04L12/761 ,  H04L12/46 ,  H04L12/721 ,  H04L12/931 ,  H04L12/18

Abstract: Aspects of the subject technology relate to systems for arbitrating direct forwarder (“DF”) instantiation between VPC peers used to facilitating the transport of bidirectional multicast traffic over a L2/L3 network boundary. In some aspects, arbitration of DF instantiation on a given VPC peer can include determining a first set of metrics for a first VPC switch, determining a second set of metrics for a second VPC switch, and determining, at the first VPC switch, whether to instantiate a designated forwarder (DF) operation based on a comparison of the first set of metrics and the second set of metrics. Methods and machine-readable media are also provided.