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公开(公告)号：US12292623B2
公开(公告)日：2025-05-06
申请号：US18384522
申请日：2023-10-27
Applicant: E INK CORPORATION
Inventor： Harish Bhaskaran , Peiman Hosseini , Ben Broughton
Abstract: Display apparatus includes reflective layer with reflective material with stacks of additional layers thereon. Each stack has an optically switchable layer. Switching elements are on a side of the reflective layer opposite to the stacks or form part of the reflective layer. Each switching element applies heating to a switchable portion of the optically switchable layer to change appearance of the switchable portion when viewed from the viewing side of the display apparatus. The optically switchable layer includes phase change material switchable between stable states each having a different refractive index. The phase change material switches by applying heat between the stable states. Switching the optically switchable layer causes the apparatus to provide one or both of the following effects for incident radiation within a predetermined frequency range: (i) a change in reflectivity of a factor of at least 50; or (ii) a change in phase within 5% of nπ/2 radians, where n is an integer.
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公开(公告)号：US11740493B2
公开(公告)日：2023-08-29
申请号：US17987554
申请日：2022-11-15
Applicant: E INK CORPORATION
Inventor： Harish Bhaskaran , Peiman Hosseini , Ben Broughton
CPC classification number: G02F1/0147 , G02B6/0001 , G02B6/0033 , G02B6/0055 , G02B6/0075 , G02F1/01 , G02F1/0102 , G02F1/0105 , G02F1/0107 , G02F1/0121 , H01L23/345 , H10N70/20 , H10N70/231 , H10N70/8613 , G02F2203/09 , G02F2203/12 , G02F2203/50
Abstract: The invention is notably directed to a transflective display device. The device comprises a set of pixels, wherein each of the pixels comprises a portion of bi-stable, phase change material, hereafter a PCM portion, having at least two reversibly switchable states, in which it has two different values of refractive index and/or optical absorption. The device further comprises one or more spacers, optically transmissive, and extending under PCM portions of the set of pixels. One or more reflectors extend under the one or more spacers. An energization structure is in thermal or electrical communication with the PCM portions, via the one or more spacers. Moreover, a display controller is configured to selectively energize, via the energization structure, PCM portions of the pixels, so as to reversibly switch a state of a PCM portion of any of the pixels from one of its reversibly switchable states to the other. A backlight unit is furthermore configured, in the device, to allow illumination of the PCM portions through the one or more spacers. The backlight unit is controlled by a backlight unit controller, which is configured for modulating one or more physical properties of light emitted from the backlight unit. The invention is further directed to related devices and methods of operation.
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公开(公告)号：US11520172B2
公开(公告)日：2022-12-06
申请号：US16468829
申请日：2017-11-03
Applicant: E INK CORPORATION
Inventor： Harish Bhaskaran , Peiman Hosseini , Ben Broughton
Abstract: The invention is notably directed to a transflective display device. The device comprises a set of pixels, wherein each of the pixels comprises a portion of bi-stable, phase change material, hereafter a PCM portion, having at least two reversibly switchable states, in which it has two different values of refractive index and/or optical absorption. The device further comprises one or more spacers, optically transmissive, and extending under PCM portions of the set of pixels. One or more reflectors extend under the one or more spacers. An energization structure is in thermal or electrical communication with the PCM portions, via the one or more spacers. Moreover, a display controller is configured to selectively energize, via the energization structure, PCM portions of the pixels, so as to reversibly switch a state of a PCM portion of any of the pixels from one of its reversibly switchable states to the other. A backlight unit is furthermore configured, in the device, to allow illumination of the PCM portions through the one or more spacers. The backlight unit is controlled by a backlight unit controller, which is configured for modulating one or more physical properties of light emitted from the backlight unit. The invention is further directed to related devices and methods of operation.
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公开(公告)号：US11846835B2
公开(公告)日：2023-12-19
申请号：US16469167
申请日：2017-10-31
Applicant: E INK CORPORATION
Inventor： Harish Bhaskaran , Peiman Hosseini , Ben Broughton
CPC classification number: G02F1/01 , B42D25/36 , C09K5/14 , G02F1/0054 , H10N70/231 , H10N70/8613 , H10N70/882 , H10N70/8825 , H10N70/8828 , G02F1/0147 , G02F2202/10 , G02F2203/12 , H04N9/312
Abstract: A display apparatus includes a reflective layer with reflective material. One or more stacks of additional layers are provided on the reflective layer. Each stack has an optically switchable layer. A plurality of switching elements are located on a side of the reflective layer opposite to the one or more stacks or form part of the reflective layer. Each switching element is operable to apply heating to a switchable portion of the optically switchable layer and thereby change an appearance of the switchable portion when viewed from a viewing side of the display apparatus. The apparatus applies the heating by driving an electrical current through the switching element to generate Joule heating in the switching element. The electrical current flows in an electrical circuit including a portion of the reflective layer.
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