公开(公告)号：US09302384B2

公开(公告)日：2016-04-05

申请号：US14026687

申请日：2013-09-13

Applicant: Joseph Goddard

Inventor： Joseph Goddard

IPC: B25F1/00 ,  B60S3/04 ,  B60D1/58 ,  B60B29/00

CPC classification number: B25F1/006 ,  B25F1/00 ,  B60B29/003 ,  B60D1/58 ,  B60S3/045

Abstract: A multi-purpose hitch tool includes a removal device that is coupled with a first end of an elongated handle. The removal device is configured to remove a cotter pin from a hitch pin or to strike the hitch pin out of engagement with a hitch receiver. A brush assembly is coupled with a second end of the elongated handle and is configured to remove debris from an interior cavity of the hitch receiver. The brush assembly includes a first bristle array that is configured to scrape the debris from the interior cavity. A second bristle array is disposed over an opposite lateral side of the elongated handle from the first bristle array. The second bristle array is less rigid than the first bristle array and is configured to bend against an interior surface within the interior cavity to bias the first bristle array against an opposite interior surface.

Abstract translation: 多用途挂钩工具包括与细长手柄的第一端连接的移除装置。 移除装置被构造成从连接销移除开口销，或者将搭扣销与搭接接收器脱离接合。 刷子组件与细长手柄的第二端连接并且构造成从挂钩接收器的内部空腔去除碎屑。 刷组件包括第一刷毛阵列，其构造成从内腔刮去碎屑。 第二刷毛阵列设置在细长手柄的与第一刷毛阵列相对的横向侧上。 第二刷毛阵列比第一刷毛阵列刚性小，并且被配置为相对于内腔内的内表面弯曲，以将第一刷毛阵列抵靠相对的内表面偏置。

公开(公告)号：US20240115966A1

公开(公告)日：2024-04-11

申请号：US17955944

申请日：2022-09-29

Applicant: Martin Pierson ,  Joseph Goddard

Inventor： Martin Pierson ,  Joseph Goddard

IPC: A63H19/14 ,  G06F3/16

CPC classification number: A63H19/14 ,  G06F3/165 ,  A63H19/24

Abstract: A multi-channel model train sound reproduction system, in which digital sound files are assigned to a particular channel. The channel assignment may be fixed or variable depending on operation state. For the variable embodiments, channel assignment is preferably done in real time according to the configuration that will produce the highest quality sound reproduction.

公开(公告)号：USD731284S1

公开(公告)日：2015-06-09

申请号：US29499635

申请日：2014-08-18

Applicant: Joseph Goddard

Designer： Joseph Goddard

公开(公告)号：US20150074915A1

公开(公告)日：2015-03-19

申请号：US14026687

申请日：2013-09-13

Applicant: Joseph Goddard

Inventor： Joseph Goddard

IPC: B25F1/00 ,  B60S3/04

CPC classification number: B25F1/006 ,  B25F1/00 ,  B60B29/003 ,  B60D1/58 ,  B60S3/045

Abstract: A multi-purpose hitch tool includes a removal device that is coupled with a first end of an elongated handle. The removal device is configured to remove a cotter pin from a hitch pin or to strike the hitch pin out of engagement with a hitch receiver. A brush assembly is coupled with a second end of the elongated handle and is configured to remove debris from an interior cavity of the hitch receiver. The brush assembly includes a first bristle array that is configured to scrape the debris from the interior cavity. A second bristle array is disposed over an opposite lateral side of the elongated handle from the first bristle array. The second bristle array is less rigid than the first bristle array and is configured to bend against an interior surface within the interior cavity to bias the first bristle array against an opposite interior surface.

Abstract translation: 多用途挂钩工具包括与细长手柄的第一端连接的移除装置。 移除装置被构造成从连接销移除开口销，或者将搭扣销与搭接接收器脱离接合。 刷子组件与细长手柄的第二端连接并且构造成从挂钩接收器的内部空腔去除碎屑。 刷组件包括第一刷毛阵列，其构造成从内腔刮去碎屑。 第二刷毛阵列设置在细长手柄的与第一刷毛阵列相对的横向侧上。 第二刷毛阵列比第一刷毛阵列刚性小，并且被配置为相对于内腔内的内表面弯曲，以将第一刷毛阵列抵靠相对的内表面偏置。

公开(公告)号：US08107592B2

公开(公告)日：2012-01-31

申请号：US12831510

申请日：2010-07-07

Applicant: Ari P. Berman ,  Scott A. Thieret ,  Joseph Goddard

Inventor： Ari P. Berman ,  Scott A. Thieret ,  Joseph Goddard

IPC: A61B6/03

CPC classification number: A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/027 ,  A61B6/583 ,  G06T11/006 ,  G06T2211/421 ,  G06T2211/428 ,  Y10S378/901

Abstract: The invention provides in one aspect methods and apparatus for use with C-arm and other CT systems, e.g., with non-rigid geometries. In such systems, by way of example, calibration can be performed to determine the exact position of the x-ray source and the exact orientation of the detector where each projection measurement is made. Next, a weighting coefficient can be determined for the voxels in each plane of a reconstruction volume at every possible projection. Finally, the order in which to process the voxels during image reconstruction can be determined. Following an actual CT scan procedure in which scans are obtained of a volume to be constructed, a system according to these and related aspects of the invention can use an optimal, pre-calculated processing method, while utilizing offsets and weighting coefficients determined during calibration, for performing backprojection image reconstruction.

Abstract translation: 本发明在一个方面提供了用于C形臂和其他CT系统的方法和装置，例如具有非刚性几何形状。 在这样的系统中，作为示例，可以执行校准以确定x射线源的精确位置和进行每次投影测量的检测器的精确取向。 接下来，可以针对每个可能的投影在重建体积的每个平面中的体素确定加权系数。 最后，可以确定在图像重构期间处理体元的顺序。 根据实际的CT扫描程序，其中获得要构造的体积的扫描，根据本发明的这些和相关方面的系统可以使用最佳的预先计算的处理方法，同时利用在校准期间确定的偏移和加权系数， 用于执行反投影图像重建。

公开(公告)号：US20100272342A1

公开(公告)日：2010-10-28

申请号：US12831510

申请日：2010-07-07

Applicant: Ari P. Berman ,  Scott A. Thieret ,  Joseph Goddard

Inventor： Ari P. Berman ,  Scott A. Thieret ,  Joseph Goddard

IPC: G06K9/00

CPC classification number: A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/027 ,  A61B6/583 ,  G06T11/006 ,  G06T2211/421 ,  G06T2211/428 ,  Y10S378/901

Abstract: The invention provides in one aspect methods and apparatus for use with C-arm and other CT systems, e.g., with non-rigid geometries. In such systems, by way of example, calibration can be performed to determine the exact position of the x-ray source and the exact orientation of the detector where each projection measurement is made. Next, a weighting coefficient can be determined for the voxels in each plane of a reconstruction volume at every possible projection. Finally, the order in which to process the voxels during image reconstruction can be determined. Following an actual CT scan procedure in which scans are obtained of a volume to be constructed, a system according to these and related aspects of the invention can use an optimal, pre-calculated processing method, while utilizing offsets and weighting coefficients determined during calibration, for performing backprojection image reconstruction.

Abstract translation: 本发明在一个方面提供了用于C形臂和其他CT系统的方法和装置，例如具有非刚性几何形状。 在这样的系统中，作为示例，可以执行校准以确定x射线源的精确位置和进行每次投影测量的检测器的精确取向。 接下来，可以针对每个可能的投影在重建体积的每个平面中的体素确定加权系数。 最后，可以确定在图像重构期间处理体元的顺序。 根据实际的CT扫描程序，其中获得要构造的体积的扫描，根据本发明的这些和相关方面的系统可以使用最佳的预先计算的处理方法，同时利用在校准期间确定的偏移和加权系数， 用于执行反投影图像重建。

公开(公告)号：US07778392B1

公开(公告)日：2010-08-17

申请号：US11264287

申请日：2005-11-01

Applicant: Ari P. Berman ,  Scott A. Thieret ,  Joseph Goddard

Inventor： Ari P. Berman ,  Scott A. Thieret ,  Joseph Goddard

IPC: A61B6/03

CPC classification number: A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/027 ,  A61B6/583 ,  G06T11/006 ,  G06T2211/421 ,  G06T2211/428 ,  Y10S378/901

Abstract: The invention provides in one aspect methods and apparatus for use with C-arm and other CT systems, e.g., with non-rigid geometries. In such systems, by way of example, calibration can be performed to determine the exact position of the x-ray source and the exact orientation of the detector where each projection measurement is made. Next, a weighting coefficient can be determined for the voxels in each plane of a reconstruction volume at every possible projection. Finally, the order in which to process the voxels during image reconstruction can be determined. Following an actual CT scan procedure in which scans are obtained of a volume to be constructed, a system according to these and related aspects of the invention can use an optimal, pre-calculated processing method, while utilizing offsets and weighting coefficients determined during calibration, for performing backprojection image reconstruction.

Abstract translation: 本发明在一个方面提供了用于C形臂和其他CT系统的方法和装置，例如具有非刚性几何形状。 在这样的系统中，作为示例，可以执行校准以确定x射线源的精确位置和进行每次投影测量的检测器的精确取向。 接下来，可以针对每个可能的投影在重建体积的每个平面中的体素确定加权系数。 最后，可以确定在图像重构期间处理体元的顺序。 根据实际的CT扫描程序，其中获得要构造的体积的扫描，根据本发明的这些和相关方面的系统可以使用最佳的预先计算的处理方法，同时利用在校准期间确定的偏移和加权系数， 用于执行反投影图像重建。

公开(公告)号：USD719005S1

公开(公告)日：2014-12-09

申请号：US29467021

申请日：2013-09-13

Applicant: Joseph Goddard

Designer： Joseph Goddard

公开(公告)号：US07120283B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-10

申请号：US10756172

申请日：2004-01-12

Applicant: Scott A. Thieret ,  Valeri Kotlov ,  Joseph Goddard ,  Ari P. Berman

Inventor： Scott A. Thieret ,  Valeri Kotlov ,  Joseph Goddard ,  Ari P. Berman

IPC: G06K9/00

CPC classification number: G06T11/006 ,  G06T2211/424 ,  Y10S128/922

Abstract: The invention provides improvements in reconstructive imaging of the type in which a volume is reconstructed from a series of measured projection images (or other two-dimensional representations) generated by projection of a point x-ray source (or other radiation source), positioned at a distinct focus, through the volume to a plane at which the respective projection image is acquired (“detector plane”). In one aspect, the improvements are with respect to back-projecting a two-dimensional representation lying in the detector plane (representing, for example, a difference between an originally-acquired measured projection image and a subsequently-generated estimate thereof) to generate three-dimensional representation (which can be used, for example, to update an estimate of the volume). According to this aspect, for each of one or more slices of the 3D representation parallel to the projection plane and for each distinct focus at which a projection is generated, the following steps are performed in connection with the back-projection: (i) warping the first 2D representation to generate a second 2D representation by applying to the first 2D representation a selected linear mapping, where that selected linear mapping would map, in order to match dimensions of the respective slice within the 3D representation, a region defined by projection, at the respective focus, of corners of that slice onto the detector plane, and (ii) incrementing values of each of one or more voxels of the respective slice by an amount that is a function of a value of a correspondingly indexed pixel of the second 2D representation. A related aspect provides improvements with respect to forward-projecting, as well as in iterative (and non-iterative) methodologies that incorporate both back-projection and forward-projection.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种类型的重建成像的改进，其中从通过投影点x射线源（或其他辐射源）产生的一系列测量的投影图像（或其他二维表示）来重构体积， 通过音量到相应的投影图像被获取的平面（“检测器平面”）的明显的焦点。 在一个方面，改进在于反投影位于检测器平面中的二维表示（例如，表示原始获取的测量投影图像与其随后产生的估计之间的差异），以产生三个 维数表示法（例如，可用于更新卷的估计）。 根据该方面，对于平行于投影平面的3D表示的一个或多个切片中的每一个以及针对投影产生的每个不同焦点，执行以下步骤：（i）翘曲 第一2D表示，以通过将所选择的线性映射应用于第一2D表示来生成第二2D表示，其中所选择的线性映射将映射，以便匹配3D表示内的相应切片的尺寸，由投影定义的区域， 在所述切片的各个焦点的相应焦点处于检测器平面上，以及（ii）将相应切片的一个或多个体素中的每一个的值递增一个量，该量是第二个相应索引像素的值的函数 二维表示。 相关方面提供了关于前向投影以及并入反投影和前向投影的迭代（和非迭代）方法的改进。

公开(公告)号：US20050152590A1

公开(公告)日：2005-07-14

申请号：US10756172

申请日：2004-01-12

Applicant: Scott Thieret ,  Valeri Kotlov ,  Joseph Goddard ,  Ari Berman

Inventor： Scott Thieret ,  Valeri Kotlov ,  Joseph Goddard ,  Ari Berman

IPC: A61B6/00 ,  A61B10/00 ,  G01N23/00 ,  G06F17/00 ,  G06K9/00 ,  G06K9/32 ,  G06K9/36 ,  G06T11/00 ,  G21K1/12 ,  H05G1/60

CPC classification number: G06T11/006 ,  G06T2211/424 ,  Y10S128/922

Abstract: The invention provides improvements in reconstructive imaging of the type in which a volume is reconstructed from a series of measured projection images (or other two-dimensional representations) generated by projection of a point x-ray source (or other radiation source), positioned at a distinct focus, through the volume to a plane at which the respective projection image is acquired (“detector plane”). In one aspect, the improvements are with respect to back-projecting a two-dimensional representation lying in the detector plane (representing, for example, a difference between an originally-acquired measured projection image and a subsequently-generated estimate thereof) to generate three-dimensional representation (which can be used, for example, to update an estimate of the volume). According to this aspect, for each of one or more slices of the 3D representation parallel to the projection plane and for each distinct focus at which a projection is generated, the following steps are performed in connection with the back-projection: (i) warping the first 2D representation to generate a second 2D representation by applying to the first 2D representation a selected linear mapping, where that selected linear mapping would map, in order to match dimensions of the respective slice within the 3D representation, a region defined by projection, at the respective focus, of comers of that slice onto the detector plane, and (ii) incrementing values of each of one or more voxels of the respective slice by an amount that is a function of a value of a correspondingly indexed pixel of the second 2D representation. A related aspect provides improvements with respect to forward-projecting, as well as in iterative (and non-iterative) methodologies that incorporate both back-projection and forward-projection.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种类型的重建成像的改进，其中从通过投影点x射线源（或其他辐射源）产生的一系列测量的投影图像（或其他二维表示）来重构体积， 通过音量到相应的投影图像被获取的平面（“检测器平面”）的明显的焦点。 在一个方面，改进在于反投影位于检测器平面中的二维表示（例如，表示原始获取的测量投影图像与其随后产生的估计之间的差异），以产生三个 维数表示法（例如，可用于更新卷的估计）。 根据该方面，对于平行于投影平面的3D表示的一个或多个切片中的每一个以及针对投影产生的每个不同焦点，执行以下步骤：（i）翘曲 第一2D表示，以通过将所选择的线性映射应用于第一2D表示来生成第二2D表示，其中所选择的线性映射将映射，以便匹配3D表示内的相应切片的尺寸，由投影定义的区域， 在相应焦点处，将该切片的角落到检测器平面上，以及（ii）将相应切片的一个或多个体素中的每一个的值逐渐增加一个量，该量是第二个相应索引像素的值的函数 二维表示。 相关方面提供了关于前向投影以及并入反投影和前向投影的迭代（和非迭代）方法的改进。