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公开(公告)号：US5376472A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-27
申请号：US133443
申请日：1993-10-06
CPC分类号： H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0247 , H01M8/0265 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074
摘要： A semi-internally manifolded interconnect structured for placement between successive electrolyte elements in stack of elements having a first surface with a level margin extending substantially around the perimeter of the interconnect, first and second manifold channels disposed inward from the margin, and a plurality of gas-flow channels disposed in a central area of the first surface and extending between and in fluid communication with the first and second manifold channels.
摘要翻译： 半内部歧管互连结构，用于放置在堆叠元件中的连续电解质元件之间，其具有第一表面，其具有基本上围绕互连周界延伸的水平边缘，从边缘向内设置的第一和第二歧管通道，以及多个气体 流通道设置在第一表面的中心区域中并且在第一和第二歧管通道之间并且与第一和第二歧管通道流体连通。
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公开(公告)号：US5480738A
公开(公告)日：1996-01-02
申请号：US192416
申请日：1994-02-04
CPC分类号： H01M8/0625 , H01M8/247 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074 , H01M8/04014 , H01M8/249
摘要： A fuel cell module (10) with multiple fuel cell stacks having generally planar cross-flow grooved interconnectors with fuel and air flow channels therein arranged in multi-stack columns (14, 16) wherein adjacent stacks are joined by manifold frames (24), and pairs of columns are spaced-apart across a central air plenum (28) in fluid communication with the air flow channels, and fuel flows serially through the stacks along the length of the column. In one embodiment, a series of such modules are configured into a multi-module system.
摘要翻译： 一种具有多个燃料电池堆的燃料电池组件，其具有大体上平面的横流沟槽互连器，其中燃料和空气流动通道布置在多堆叠柱（14,16）中，其中相邻的堆叠通过歧管框架（24）连接， 并且成对的柱跨越与空气流动通道流体连通的中央空气室（28）间隔开，并且燃料沿柱的长度顺序地流过堆叠。 在一个实施例中，一系列这样的模块被配置成多模块系统。
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3.发明授权Doped lanthanum chromite material for bipolar interconnects for solid oxide fuel cells 失效用于固体氧化物燃料电池的双极互连的掺杂的亚铬酸镧材料
公开(公告)号：US5958304A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-28
申请号：US822296
申请日：1997-03-21
CPC分类号： H01M8/0215 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074 , H01M8/0217
摘要： An improved ceramic interconnect component for a solid oxide fuel cell having good electrical conductivity and thermodynamic stability in the presence of fuel and a coefficient of thermal expansion matching closely that of zirconia electrolytes is disclosed. The interconnect is a lanthanum chromite material including strontium and magnesium as dopants.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于固体氧化物燃料电池的改进的陶瓷互连部件，其在燃料存在下具有良好的导电性和热力学稳定性，并且与氧化锆电解质的热膨胀系数相匹配。 互连是一种铬酸镧材料，包括锶和镁作为掺杂剂。
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公开(公告)号：US5612149A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-18
申请号：US581989
申请日：1996-01-02
CPC分类号： H01M8/04074 , H01M8/0625 , H01M8/247 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074 , H01M8/249
摘要： A fuel cell module (10) with a fuel cell column (18), having at least one fuel cell stack, mated with the planar wall of a heat exchanger (60), wherein the fuel cell column and heat exchanger are mounted to a support structure (30), and which define an air plenum between the fuel cell column and planar wall of the heat exchanger, thereby eliminating the ductwork and insulation requirements associated with heat exchange systems while increasing the efficiency of the heat exchanger.
摘要翻译： 一种具有燃料电池塔（18）的燃料电池模块（10），其具有与热交换器（60）的平面壁配合的至少一个燃料电池堆，其中所述燃料电池塔和热交换器被安装到支架 结构（30），并且其在燃料电池塔和热交换器的平面壁之间限定一个空气室，从而消除了与热交换系统相关联的管道系统和绝缘要求，同时提高了热交换器的效率。
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公开(公告)号：US5298341A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-29
申请号：US932962
申请日：1992-08-20
CPC分类号： B01D53/326 , H01M8/2415 , H01M8/247 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074 , H01M8/249
摘要： A modular arrangement for stacks of ion conducting electrolyte elements includes a plurality of solid state ion conducting electrolyte elements spaced apart and arranged into stacks and the stacks further arranged at regular intervals around a central plenum. A plurality of gas flow passageways are disposed in the spaces between the electrolyte elements to enable reactant gases to circulate between the elements. A pair of manifold plates are disposed on either side of the electrolyte elements and sandwich the elements therebetween.
摘要翻译： 用于离子传导电解质元件堆叠的模块化布置包括间隔开并布置成堆叠的多个固态离子导电电解质元件，并且堆叠还以围绕中央集气室的规则间隔进一步布置。 多个气体流动通道设置在电解质元件之间的空间中，以使反应气体能够在元件之间循环。 一对歧管板设置在电解质元件的两侧并将元件夹在其间。
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6.发明授权SOFC anode for enhanced performance stability and method for manufacturing same 失效用于提高性能稳定性的SOFC阳极及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US6099985A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-08
申请号：US888025
申请日：1997-07-03
CPC分类号： H01M4/9066 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074
摘要： An SOFC anode is provided, which is fabricated from ceria which has been mixed with a nickel oxide-magnesium oxide material to stabilize the nickel against coarsening during high temperature SOFC operation. With a starting material of NiO--MgO solid solution in a cement anode, the MgO will diffuse into zirconia and/or ceria at the appropriate firing temperature for the respective materials. Reduction of NiO in the anode with the fuel during cell operation will result in metallic Ni grains with a fine dispersion of MgO. The dispersion of MgO in Ni retards coarsening of nickel during the high temperature operation of the cell.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种SOFC阳极，其由与氧化镍 - 氧化镁材料混合的二氧化铈制成，以在高温SOFC操作期间使镍稳定，防止粗化。 使用水泥阳极中的NiO-MgO固溶体的原料，MgO将在相应材料的适当烧制温度下扩散到氧化锆和/或二氧化铈中。 在电池操作期间，通过燃料在阳极中还原NiO将导致金属Ni颗粒具有微细的MgO分散体。 MgO在Ni中的分散在电解槽的高温运行期间延迟了镍的粗化。
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公开(公告)号：US5763114A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-09
申请号：US819859
申请日：1997-03-17
CPC分类号： H01M8/0631 , B01J8/0085 , C01B3/384 , H01M8/0625 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074 , H01M8/247 , H01M8/249 , Y02P20/124 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A thermally integrated reformer (10) is located inside the stack furnace (12) housing stacks (14) of solid oxide fuel cells (16). The energy to support the endothermic reformation reaction converting hydrocarbon and water feedstock into hydrogen and carbon monoxide fuel is supplied by heat recovered from the oxidation process in the stack (14) of fuel cells (16). The source of hydrocarbons is desulfurized natural gas. Heat transfers to reformers (10) which may be incrementally shielded packed beds (30, 60) of the reactors (18, 19) of the reformer (10) by radiation from the stacks (14), furnace wall (38), or both and by forced convection from the exhausting airflow exiting the stack furnace (12). Temperature gradients in the reformer (10) may be controlled by selective (or incremented) radiation shielding (20) and by counterflow heat exchange to prevent excessive premature cracking in the reformer. Such an optimized design uses a minimum amount of catalyst, yet prevents carbonization from clogging interstices or otherwise rendering the catalyst or catalyst granules (32) ineffective. Alternatively sufficient catalyst may be provided to render the reformation process a heat-limited reaction. In this circumstance, the stacks (132) configured in a module (106) may transfer heat directly to a reformer (110) surrounding the module (106). The air may pass through a heat exchanger 108 or preheater (200) positioned proximate the module 106 in an insulated enclosure (102).
摘要翻译： 热集成重整器（10）位于堆叠炉（12）的内部，容纳固体氧化物燃料电池（16）的堆叠（14）。 将碳氢化合物和水原料转化为氢气和一氧化碳燃料的支持吸热重整反应的能量由燃料电池（16）的堆叠（14）中的氧化过程回收的热量提供。 碳氢化合物的来源是脱硫天然气。 热转移到重整器（10），其可以是通过来自堆叠（14），炉壁（38）或两者的辐射的重整器（10）的反应器（18,19）的增量屏蔽的填充床（30,60） 并且通过离开堆垛炉（12）的排气流强制对流。 重整器（10）中的温度梯度可以通过选择性（或增加的）辐射屏蔽（20）和逆流热交换来控制，以防止重整器中过度的过早开裂。 这种优化的设计使用最少量的催化剂，但是防止碳化堵塞间隙或以其它方式使催化剂或催化剂颗粒（32）无效。 或者，可以提供足够的催化剂以使重整过程成为热限制反应。 在这种情况下，配置在模块（106）中的堆叠（132）可以将热直接传递到围绕模块（106）的重整器（110）。 空气可以通过在绝缘的外壳（102）内定位在模块106附近的热交换器108或预热器（200）。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5856035A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-05
申请号：US810975
申请日：1997-02-27
CPC分类号： H01M8/0247 , H01M8/0232 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/2465 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074 , H01M8/249
摘要： An apparatus for collecting electrical current from individual fuel cell stacks in a solid oxide fuel cell is provided, in which the current collectors are protected from oxidation through advantageous placement in non-oxidizing surroundings. Fuel cell module configurations employing and taking advantage of the current collecting apparatus are also provided.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于从固体氧化物燃料电池中的各个燃料电池堆收集电流的装置，其中通过有利的放置在非氧化环境中保护集电器免于氧化。 还提供了采用并利用集电装置的燃料电池模块配置。
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公开(公告)号：US5712055A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-27
申请号：US808123
申请日：1997-02-28
CPC分类号： H01M8/2425 , H01M8/1231 , H01M2008/1293 , H01M2300/0074 , H01M8/2495
摘要： A multi-stage arrangement for the electrolyte material in a SOFC electrochemical power system. Multiple stages may be arranged in series, and each stage contains electrolyte elements which are constructed of a different material from the elements in previous and subsequent stages. A fuel gas admitted to the power system flows serially through each stage and is then exhausted from the power system. Upstream stages contain electrolyte elements made from an electrolyte material having low ion conductivity and high resistance. Subsequent stages contain electrolytes having progressively higher conductivity and progressively lower resistance. The fuel exhaust from an upstream stage is fed to the next downstream stage until the gas is exhausted from the final stage in the power system. Each stage operates at a progressively lower temperature than the previous stage. In a three-stage embodiment, a first stage has ZrO.sub.2, electrolyte material, a second stage has CeO.sub.2, and a third stage has Bi.sub.2 O.sub.3. The multi-stage fuel cell arrangement leads to a higher total power output for the same initial mass flow rate of fuel gases though the fuel cells.
摘要翻译： 在SOFC电化学电力系统中的电解质材料的多级布置。 多个阶段可以串联布置，并且每个阶段都包含由前一阶段和后续阶段中与元素不同的材料构成的电解质元素。 允许进入电力系统的燃气气体依次流过每一级，然后从电力系统中排出。 上游阶段包含由具有低离子传导性和高电阻的电解质材料制成的电解质元件。 后续阶段包含具有逐渐更高导电性和逐渐降低电阻的电解质。 来自上游级的燃料排出物被供给到下一个下游级，直到气体从动力系统的最后级排出。 每个阶段的运行温度都比前一阶段低。 在三段实施例中，第一阶段具有ZrO 2，电解质材料，第二阶段具有CeO 2，第三阶段具有Bi 2 O 3。 多级燃料电池装置导致通过燃料电池的相同的初始质量流率的燃料气体的总功率输出。
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10.发明授权Ion-conducting module having axially-arranged solid state electrolyte elements 失效离子传导模块具有轴向布置的固态电解质元件
公开(公告)号：US5269902A
公开(公告)日：1993-12-14
申请号：US932759
申请日：1992-08-20
CPC分类号： H01M8/241 , C25B9/18 , G01N27/417 , H01M8/2415 , H01M8/247 , H01M2300/0082 , H01M8/2425 , H01M8/244 , H01M8/249 , Y02E60/366
摘要： A module for an ion-conducting device includes a plurality of spaced-apart, solid state ion-conducting electrolyte elements arranged substantially radially around a central plenum. A plurality of longitudinal gas flow channels is sealed off from the central plenum by a plurality of seals, and extend longitudinally through the module in the spaces between every other adjacent pair of electrolyte elements. A plurality of transverse gas flow channels is in fluid communication with the central plenum, and extend generally radially outward from it through the spaces between every-other adjacent pair of electrolyte elements not constituting a longitudinal gas flow channel. Manifold plates having a plenum aperture and a plurality of gas apertures therein are disposed on either side of the radially arranged electrolyte elements, and sandwich the elements therebetween. A plurality of the modules may be juxtaposed in a modular assembly wherein the central plenums of adjacent modules are aligned and in register, and combine to form an extended central plenum, the transverse gas flow channels in each module extend generally radially from the extended central plenum, and the longitudinal gas flow channels of adjacent modules are aligned and in register and in fluid communication and form extended longitudinal gas flow channels.
摘要翻译： 用于离子传导装置的模块包括多个间隔开的固态离子导电电解质元件，其基本上径向布置在中央集气室周围。 多个纵向气体流动通道通过多个密封件从中央集气室被密封，并且在每隔一个相邻的一对电解质元件之间的空间中纵向延伸穿过模块。 多个横向气体流动通道与中央集气室流体连通，并且从其大致径向向外延伸穿过不构成纵向气体流动通道的每隔一对相邻电解质元件之间的空间。 在径向布置的电解质元件的两侧设置有具有增压孔和多个气孔的歧管板，并将元件夹在其间。 多个模块可以并联在模块化组件中，其中相邻模块的中央增压室对齐并且对准并组合以形成延伸的中央增压室，每个组件中的横向气体流动通道从扩展的中心集气室大致径向延伸 并且相邻模块的纵向气体流动通道对准并且对准并且流体连通并且形成延伸的纵向气体流动通道。
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