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    Crude oil desalting method
    1.
    发明授权
    Crude oil desalting method 失效
    原油脱盐方法

    公开(公告)号：US06228239B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-05-08

    申请号：US09258620

    申请日：1999-02-26

    申请人： Pacifico V. Manalastas ,  Ramesh Varadaraj ,  David W. Savage ,  Guido Sartori ,  Ramesh R. Hemrajani ,  Cornelius Hendrick Brons

    发明人： Pacifico V. Manalastas ,  Ramesh Varadaraj ,  David W. Savage ,  Guido Sartori ,  Ramesh R. Hemrajani ,  Cornelius Hendrick Brons

    IPC分类号： B01D1706

    CPC分类号： C10G33/00 ,  C10G31/08 ,  C10G33/02 ,  C10G33/04

    摘要： In one embodiment, the invention is related to a process for desalting crude oil that requires less wash water than conventional desalting methods. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, a chemical demulsifier formulation comprising an emulsion-breaking chemical and a solvent carrier is added to the crude oil. Wash water is then added to the crude oil until the volume of water in the oil ranges from about 0.1 to about 3 vol. %. Subsequently, the mixture of crude oil, wash water, and chemical demulsifier formulation is subjected to opposed-flow mixing. Chemical emulsion-breakers useful in the invention have a hydrophobic tail group and a hydrophilic head group. Preferably, the emulsion breaker has the formula: x ranges from 1 to 5, y ranges from 0 to 2, and R is an alkyl group having 4-9 carbon atoms, and n ranges from 3 to 9.

    摘要翻译： 在一个实施方案中，本发明涉及与常规脱盐方法相比需要较少洗涤水的原油脱盐方法。 在本发明的优选实施方案中，将包含破乳化学品和溶剂载体的化学破乳剂制剂加入到原油中。 然后将洗涤水加入到原油中，直到油中的水的体积为约0.1至约3体积％。 ％。 随后，将原油，洗涤水和化学破乳剂制剂的混合物进行相反流混合。 可用于本发明的化学乳液破乳剂具有疏水性尾基和亲水性头基。 优选地，破乳剂具有下式：x为1至5，y为0至2，R为具有4-9个碳原子的烷基，n为3至9。

    Coatings with sulfonated polymers
    3.
    发明授权
    Coatings with sulfonated polymers 失效
    涂料与磺化聚合物

    公开(公告)号：US4988377A

    公开(公告)日：1991-01-29

    申请号：US387059

    申请日：1989-07-31

    申请人： Pacifico V. Manalastas ,  Warren A. Thaler ,  Evelyn N. Drake ,  Israel S. Pasternak

    发明人： Pacifico V. Manalastas ,  Warren A. Thaler ,  Evelyn N. Drake ,  Israel S. Pasternak

    IPC分类号： C05C9/00 ,  C05G3/00

    CPC分类号： C05G3/0029 ,  C05C9/005

    摘要： A composite comprising a substrate and an elastomeric coating adhered to at least one surface of said substrate, said elastomeric coating having a thickness of about 1 to about 100 micrometers, wherein said elastomeric coating comprises a neutralized sulfonated polymer having a sulfonate content of about 4 to about 200 meq. per 100 grams of said neutralized sulfonated polymer.

    摘要翻译： 一种复合材料，其包括粘附到所述基材的至少一个表面上的基材和弹性体涂层，所述弹性体涂层具有约1至约100微米的厚度，其中所述弹性体涂层包含中和的磺化聚合物，其磺酸盐含量为约4至 约200毫克 每100克所述中和的磺化聚合物。

    Coating a substrate with an ionomer
    4.
    发明授权
    Coating a substrate with an ionomer 失效
    用离聚物涂覆基材

    公开(公告)号：US5190797A

    公开(公告)日：1993-03-02

    申请号：US720042

    申请日：1991-06-24

    申请人： Warren A. Thaler ,  Cruise K. Jones ,  Evelyn N. Drake ,  Pacifico V. Manalastas ,  Edward N. Kresge

    发明人： Warren A. Thaler ,  Cruise K. Jones ,  Evelyn N. Drake ,  Pacifico V. Manalastas ,  Edward N. Kresge

    IPC分类号： B01J2/00 ,  B01J2/28 ,  C05G3/00

    CPC分类号： B01J2/28 ,  B01J2/006 ,  C05G3/0029

    摘要： The present invention relates to a process for the encapsulation of a solid substrate with a neutralized sulfonated polymer, which comprises the steps of: (a) forming a solution of a non-conjugated, diene polymer in a solvent selected from the group consisting of aliphatic, aromatic hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof; (b) contacting the solution of the unsaturated polymer with a sulfonating agent at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient period of time to form a solution of a sulfonated polymer containing free acid; (c) forming a solution of a base selected from the group consisting of alkali metal hydroxides and mixtures thereof in a mixtrue of an aliphatic alcohol and a hydrocarbon, the hydrocarbon being selected from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof; (d) adding the solution of base to the solution of sulfonated polymer in an amount sufficient to neutralize the polymer and the free acid, thereby forming a coating solution; (e) contacting the solid substrate with the coating solution while removing the solvent therefrom, thereby forming an encapsulated substrate. In a preferred embodiment, the solvent removed during step (e) is recovered and distilled to separate the solvent into at least two fractions, a fraction containing substantially hydrocarbon and an alcohol containing fraction. The separated solvents are then recycled to dissolve the polymer in step (a) and to dissolve the base in step (c).

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用中和的磺化聚合物包封固体基质的方法，其包括以下步骤：（a）在选自脂肪族的溶剂中的溶剂中形成非共轭二烯聚合物的溶液 ，芳族烃及其混合物; （b）在足够的温度下将不饱和聚合物的溶液与磺化剂接触足够的时间以形成含有游离酸的磺化聚合物的溶液; （c）在脂族醇和烃的混合物中形成选自碱金属氢氧化物及其混合物的碱的溶液，所述烃选自脂族和芳族烃及其混合物; （d）将碱溶液以足以中和聚合物和游离酸的量向磺化聚合物溶液中加入，从而形成涂布溶液; （e）将固体基质与涂布溶液接触，同时从其中除去溶剂，由此形成封装的基材。 在优选的实施方案中，回收步骤（e）中除去的溶剂并蒸馏以将溶剂分离成至少两个馏分，基本上含有烃和含醇的馏分。 然后将分离的溶剂再循环以在步骤（a）中溶解聚合物并在步骤（c）中溶解碱。

    Encapsulated breaker chemical
    5.
    发明授权
    Encapsulated breaker chemical 失效
    封装式断路器化学品

    公开(公告)号：US5102558A

    公开(公告)日：1992-04-07

    申请号：US637401

    申请日：1991-01-04

    申请人： Lee A. McDougall ,  John C. Newlove ,  Pacifico V. Manalastas ,  Evelyn N. Drake

    发明人： Lee A. McDougall ,  John C. Newlove ,  Pacifico V. Manalastas ,  Evelyn N. Drake

    IPC分类号： C09K8/62 ,  C09K8/92

    CPC分类号： C09K8/92 ,  C09K8/62 ,  Y10S507/902 ,  Y10S507/921 ,  Y10S507/922 ,  Y10T428/2987

    摘要： An encapsulated breaker chemical composition used in a fracturing process in the protection of an oil or gas stimulation operation which comprises: a breaker chemical; and a pinhole free coating of a neutralized sulfonated elastomeric polymer of about 2 to about 80 microns thick deposited onto the surface of the breaker chemical, wherein said neutralized sulfonated polymer encapsulates the breaker chemical, wherein the neutralized sulfonated polymer is permeable to the breaker chemical and the neutralized sulfonated polymer is non-reactive to the breaker chemical.

    摘要翻译： 一种用于压裂过程中用于保护油或气体刺激操作的封装的破碎剂化学组合物，其包括：破碎剂化学品; 以及沉积在破碎剂化学品的表面上的约2至约80微米厚的中和的磺化弹性体聚合物的无针孔涂层，其中所述中和的磺化聚合物封装破碎剂化学品，其中中和的磺化聚合物对破碎剂化学品是可渗透的， 中和的磺化聚合物与破碎剂化学品无反应性。

    Biodegradable barrier films of ionomer polymer
    6.
    发明授权
    Biodegradable barrier films of ionomer polymer 失效
    离聚物聚合物的可生物降解阻隔膜

    公开(公告)号：US4997470A

    公开(公告)日：1991-03-05

    申请号：US380248

    申请日：1989-07-17

    申请人： Warren A. Thaler ,  Pacifico V. Manalastas ,  Evelyn N. Drake ,  Robert D. Lundberg

    发明人： Warren A. Thaler ,  Pacifico V. Manalastas ,  Evelyn N. Drake ,  Robert D. Lundberg

    IPC分类号： A01N25/10 ,  C08F8/30 ,  C08G81/02 ,  C09D123/32

    CPC分类号： C08G81/024 ,  A01N25/10 ,  C08F8/44 ,  C09D123/32 ,  C08F2800/20

    摘要： An encapsulated water soluble fertilizer which comprises a polymeric film of about 2 to about 100 micrometers coated on a surface of said fertilizer, said polymeric film comprising a sulfonated polymer having about 10 to about 200 meq of sulfonate groups per 100 grams of said sulfonated polymer, said sulfonate groups being neutralized with a polycaprolactone polymer being characterized by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl group; R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are a hydrogen or alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl groups; m equals 1 to 20 and n equals 1 to 500.

    摘要翻译： 一种包封的水溶性肥料，其包含涂覆在所述肥料表面上的约2至约100微米的聚合物膜，所述聚合物膜包含每100克所述磺化聚合物约10至约200毫克磺酸盐基团的磺化聚合物， 所述磺酸酯基团用聚己内酯聚合物中和，其特征在于下式：其中R 1和R 2是烷基，环烷基或芳基; R3，R4和R5是氢或烷基，环烷基或芳基; m等于1到20，n等于1到500。

    Catalyst composition polymerization of isoolefins and multiolefins
    9.
    发明授权
    Catalyst composition polymerization of isoolefins and multiolefins 失效
    异烯烃和多烯烃的催化剂组合聚合

    公开(公告)号：US4269955A

    公开(公告)日：1981-05-26

    申请号：US8789

    申请日：1979-02-01

    申请人： Joseph Wagensommer ,  Pacifico V. Manalastas

    发明人： Joseph Wagensommer ,  Pacifico V. Manalastas

    IPC分类号： C08F210/12 ,  C08F210/14 ,  C08F4/52

    CPC分类号： C08F210/12 ,  C08F210/14

    摘要： The present invention relates to improved catalyst compositions used in the formation of substantially gel-free copolymers and terpolymers of isobutylene and one or more dienes having an Mn of about less than 500,000, a mole % unsaturation of about 8 to about 45, and a polydispersity value of about 3 to about 30, wherein the mixture of isobutylene and diene monomers and a cosolvent are contacted with the catalyst composition at polymerization conditions (-50.degree. to -100.degree. C.) wherein the improvement includes the hydrocarbon soluble catalyst composition being formed from the reaction product of a material of the formula:R.sub.m AlX.sub.3-mwherein m is an integer of from 1 to 3 inclusive, R is the same or different alkyl radical of straight or branched chain structure of from 1 to 7 carbons and X is the same or different halogen selected from the group consisting of chlorine and bromine, and a halogen containing material which is Y moles of halogen, halogen acid, or mixed halogen per mole of aluminum compound wherein the halogen is selected from the group consisting of chlorine and bromine wherein the molar ratio of the formed catalyst composition to the monomer is critical by selecting at about 0.0001 to about 0.001 in order to obtain the desired elastomeric co- and terpolymers. The molar ratio of the halogen containing material to the R.sub.m Al.sub.3-m used in forming the catalyst is critically selected at about 0.014 to about 0.065. This improved catalyst composition permits the formation of high quality elastomeric products at improved polydispersity levels and higher monomer conversions wherein the catalyst composition is soluble in the inert solvent.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于形成基本上不含凝胶的共聚物和改进的催化剂组合物，其中异丁烯和一种或多种二烯的三元共聚物具有约小于500,000的Mn，约8至约45的摩尔％不饱和度和多分散性 值为约3至约30，其中异丁烯和二烯单体和助溶剂的混合物在聚合条件（-50℃至-100℃）下与催化剂组合物接触，其中改进包括形成的烃溶性催化剂组合物 由下列物质的反应产物：RmAlX3-m，其中m是1至3的整数，其中R是相同或不同的具有1至7个碳的直链或支链结构的烷基，X是 选自氯和溴的相同或不同的卤素，以及每摩尔铝为卤素，卤素酸或混合卤素为Y摩尔的含卤素材料 铝化合物，其中卤素选自氯和溴，其中形成的催化剂组合物与单体的摩尔比通过选择约0.0001至约0.001以获得所需的弹性体共聚物和三元共聚物是关键的。 在形成催化剂时使用的含卤素材料与RmAl3-m的摩尔比在大约0.014至大约0.065的范围内进行选择。 这种改进的催化剂组合物允许以改进的多分散性水平和更高的单体转化率形成高质量弹性体产品，其中催化剂组合物可溶于惰性溶剂。

    Process for polymerization of isoolefins and multiolefins
    10.
    发明授权
    Process for polymerization of isoolefins and multiolefins 失效
    异烯烃和多烯烃聚合方法

    公开(公告)号：US4154916A

    公开(公告)日：1979-05-15

    申请号：US827680

    申请日：1977-08-25

    申请人： Joseph Wagensommer ,  Pacifico V. Manalastas

    发明人： Joseph Wagensommer ,  Pacifico V. Manalastas

    IPC分类号： C08F210/12 ,  C08F4/52 ,  C08F36/06 ,  C08F36/08

    CPC分类号： C08F210/12

    摘要： The present invention relates to an improved solution process for the formation of substantially gel-free copolymers and terpolymers of isobutylene and one or more dienes having an Mn of about less than 500,000, a mole % unsaturation of about 8 to about 45, and a polydispersity value of about 3 to about 30, wherein the mixture of isobutylene and diene monomers and a cosolvent are contacted with a catalyst at polymerization conditions (-50.degree. -to 100.degree. C.) wherein the improvement includes a hydrocarbon soluble catalyst being formed from the reaction product of a material of the formula:R.sub.m AlX.sub.3-mwherein m is an integer of from 1 to 3 inclusive, R is the same or different alkyl radical of straight or branched chain structure of from 1 to 7 carbons and X is the same or different halogen selected from the group consisting of chlorine and bromine, and a halogen containing material which is Y moles of halogen, halogen acid, or mixed halogen per mole of aluminum compound wherein the halogen is selected from the group consisting of chlorine and bromine, wherein the molar ratio of the formed catalyst to the monomer is critical by selecting at about 0.0001 to about 0.001 in order to obtain the desired elastomeric co- and terpolymers. The molar ratio of the halogen containing material to the R.sub.m Al.sub.3-m used in forming the catalyst is critically selected at about 0.014 to about 0.065. This improved process permits the formation of high quality elastomeric products at improved polydispersity levels and higher monomer conversions.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种改进的溶液方法，用于形成基本上不含凝胶的共聚物和异丁烯和一种或多种二烯的三元共聚物，其Mn约为500,000，摩尔％不饱和度约为8至约45，多分散性 值为约3至约30，其中异丁烯和二烯单体和共溶剂的混合物在聚合条件（-50℃至100℃）下与催化剂接触，其中改进包括烃溶性催化剂，其由 下列物质的反应产物：