公开(公告)号：US3999557A

公开(公告)日：1976-12-28

申请号：US595001

申请日：1975-07-11

申请人： Paul Citron ,  John M. Adams

发明人： Paul Citron ,  John M. Adams

IPC分类号： A61N1/365 ,  A61N1/372 ,  A61N1/36

CPC分类号： A61N1/37211 ,  A61N1/365

摘要： A demand pacemaker having different standby and pacing rates and circuitry for selectively rendering the standby and pacing rates substantially identical. First and second capacitors control the standby and pacing rates, respectively, one capacitor being responsive to either a natural heartbeat or a pacemaker output pulse to alter the rate established by the other. In a preferred embodiment, the second capacitor is charged during a pacemaker output pulse and discharges through the first capacitor to decrease its charging time, the charging time of the first capacitor controlling the pacemaker output pulse frequency. Circuitry responsive to externally generated signals causes the second capacitor to charge during both a natural heartbeat or a pacemaker output pulse to render the pacemaker standby and pacing rates substantially identical. In this manner, the pacemaker of the present invention may be employed to monitor heart activity at a first, or standby, rate while providing a pacing function at a second, higher rate, on demand, until such time as the necessity for the pacing function is established with the standby rate then being modified to conform to the pacing rate.

摘要翻译： 具有不同待机和起搏速率的需求起搏器和用于选择性地使备用和起搏速率基本相同的电路。 第一和第二电容器分别控制待机和起搏速率，一个电容器响应于自然心跳或起搏器输出脉冲来改变由另一个建立的速率。 在优选实施例中，第二电容器在起搏器输出脉冲期间被充电，并通过第一电容器放电以减少其充电时间，第一电容器的控制起搏器输出脉冲频率的充电时间。 响应于外部产生的信号的电路使得第二电容器在自然心跳或起搏器输出脉冲期间充电以使起搏器待机和起搏速率基本相同。 以这种方式，本发明的起搏器可用于以第一或等待速率监测心脏活动，同时按需要以第二，更高速率提供起搏功能，直到起搏功能的必要性 被建立，待机速率被修改以符合起搏速率。

公开(公告)号：US20060004272A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-05

申请号：US10989038

申请日：2004-11-15

申请人： Rajiv Shah ,  Rebecca Gottlieb ,  Eric Grovender ,  Shaun Pendo ,  Paul Citron ,  William Van Antwerp

发明人： Rajiv Shah ,  Rebecca Gottlieb ,  Eric Grovender ,  Shaun Pendo ,  Paul Citron ,  William Van Antwerp

IPC分类号： A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/14865 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/412 ,  G01N33/5438

摘要： A long term analyte sensor for measuring at least one analyte in the body of a user and which includes a housing, a plurality of analyte contacting sensor elements and at least one structure for relaying information away from the sensor. This plurality of analyte contacting sensor elements are typically disposed in an array. The analyte sensor further includes at least one sensor protection membrane that is controllable in a manner such that sensor elements may be activated (e.g. exposed to the external environment) at different times so as to extend the useful life of the sensor. In illustrative analyte sensors, the analyte is glucose.

公开(公告)号：US5135467A

公开(公告)日：1992-08-04

申请号：US447493

申请日：1989-12-07

申请人： Paul Citron

发明人： Paul Citron

IPC分类号： A61M1/10 ,  A61M1/12 ,  A61M1/36

CPC分类号： A61M1/1037 ,  A61M1/1003 ,  A61M1/122 ,  A61M1/3613 ,  A61M1/106

摘要： An implantable coronary perfusion assist system to divert blood from large arteries, such as the aorta, to small arteries, such as the coronary arteries where additional blood flow is needed. The assist system includes a shunt graft which is connected to the aorta or another convenient source of oxygenated blood at one end, and to the coronary artery or the atrium at its other end. A pump, preferably of the type employing a trained muscle wrapped around a fluid chamber is connected by a conduit to a bladder disposed in line with the graft, to assist in pumping of blood from the aorta to the coronary artery. The pump action is synchronized to the dastolic phase of the patient's cardiac cycle, and the coronary perfusion is accomplished without increasing the concentration of oxygen in the patient's body.

摘要翻译： 可植入的冠状动脉灌注辅助系统将大血管如主动脉的血液转移到小动脉，例如需要额外血液流动的冠状动脉。 辅助系统包括分流移植物，其在一端连接到主动脉或另一方便的氧合血源，另一端连接到冠状动脉或心房。 优选地，使用缠绕在流体室周围的经过训练的肌肉的类型的泵通过导管连接到与移植物成一直线设置的膀胱，以帮助将血液从主动脉泵送到冠状动脉。 泵的作用与患者心脏周期的舒张期同步，并且在不增加患者体内氧气浓度的情况下完成冠状动脉灌注。

公开(公告)号：US4360030A

公开(公告)日：1982-11-23

申请号：US114663

申请日：1980-01-23

申请人： Paul Citron ,  Dennis G. Hepp ,  Thomas L. Jirak

发明人： Paul Citron ,  Dennis G. Hepp ,  Thomas L. Jirak

IPC分类号： A61B5/0432 ,  G06F17/00 ,  A61B5/04

CPC分类号： A61B5/0432

摘要： Heart monitoring and storing apparatus is disclosed for evaluating heart activity signals to determine if valid, for identifying a characteristic of the valid heart activity signal, and for storing the signal into a corresponding location of a memory depending upon the characteristic of the heart activity signal. Such apparatus comprises the memory including a first area and a second area, and a circuit for sampling the heart activity signals and for storing the heart signal samples into corresponding locations of such first area. There is further included an evaluation circuit for determining whether the sampled heart activity signals as stored within the first area are valid and particularly if they indicate the occurrence of a heartbeat. An addressing circuit is provided for determining the various characteristics of a valid heart signal and for selectively addressing a location within said second area to store the valid heart signal of the corresponding characteristic.

摘要翻译： 公开了心脏监测和存储装置，用于评估心脏活动信号以确定是否有效，用于识别有效心脏活动信号的特征，以及根据心脏活动信号的特征将信号存储到存储器的对应位置。 这种装置包括存储器，其包括第一区域和第二区域，以及用于对心脏活动信号进行取样并将心脏信号样本存储在这样的第一区域的相应位置的电路​​。 还包括用于确定存储在第一区域内的采样心脏活动信号是否有效的评估电路，特别是如果它们指示心跳的发生。 提供寻址电路用于确定有效心脏信号的各种特征，并且用于选择性地寻址所述第二区域内的位置以存储对应特征的有效心脏信号。

公开(公告)号：US08523773B2

公开(公告)日：2013-09-03

申请号：US12503753

申请日：2009-07-15

申请人： Rajiv Shah ,  Rebecca K. Gottlieb ,  Eric A. Grovender ,  Shaun M. Pendo ,  Paul Citron ,  William P. Van Antwerp

发明人： Rajiv Shah ,  Rebecca K. Gottlieb ,  Eric A. Grovender ,  Shaun M. Pendo ,  Paul Citron ,  William P. Van Antwerp

IPC分类号： A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/14865 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/412 ,  G01N33/5438

摘要： A long term analyte sensor for measuring at least one analyte in the body of a user and which includes a housing, a plurality of analyte contacting sensor elements and at least one structure for relaying information away from the sensor. This plurality of analyte contacting sensor elements are typically disposed in an array. The analyte sensor further includes at least one sensor protection membrane that is controllable in a manner such that sensor elements may be activated (e.g. exposed to the external environment) at different times so as to extend the useful life of the sensor. In illustrative analyte sensors, the analyte is glucose.

公开(公告)号：US4187854A

公开(公告)日：1980-02-12

申请号：US842389

申请日：1977-10-17

申请人： Dennis G. Hepp ,  Robert A. Neumann ,  Paul Citron

发明人： Dennis G. Hepp ,  Robert A. Neumann ,  Paul Citron

IPC分类号： A61B5/00 ,  A61N1/362 ,  A61N1/37 ,  A61N1/372 ,  A61N1/36

CPC分类号： A61N1/37211 ,  A61B5/0006 ,  A61B5/0031 ,  A61B5/7203 ,  A61N1/3625 ,  A61N1/3706

摘要： Cardiac monitoring and pacing apparatus comprising a first external unit for transmitting electromagnetic energy within the patient's body to be received by a second, surgically implanted unit within the patient's body and adapted to be solely powered by the transmitted electromagnetic energy. The first external unit transmits electromagnetic energy within the patient's body which is sensed and used to power the implanted unit, which stimulates, via pacing electrodes, the patient's heart. The internal unit also includes a monitoring circuit connected to the same pacing electrodes coupled to the patient's heart, for providing atrial and ventrical signals to be pulse-width modulated for transmission to the external unit. The external unit decodes the transmitted signals to provide diagnostic quality signals indicative of the patient's EKG.

摘要翻译： 心脏监测和起搏装置包括第一外部单元，用于在患者体内传输电磁能量，以由患者体内的第二手术植入单元接收，并且适于仅由传输的电磁能量供电。 第一外部单元在患者身体内传送电磁能量，该能量被感测并用于为植入单元供电，该植入单元通过起搏电极刺激患者的心脏。 内部单元还包括连接到与患者心脏相连的相同起搏电极的监测电路，用于提供心脏和通气信号以进行脉宽调制以传输到外部单元。 外部单元解码发送的信号，以提供指示患者的EKG的诊断质量信号。

公开(公告)号：US20100331647A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-30

申请号：US12503753

申请日：2009-07-15

申请人： Rajiv Shah ,  Rebecca K. Gottlieb ,  Eric A. Grovender ,  Shaun M. Pendo ,  Paul Citron ,  William P. Van Antwerp

发明人： Rajiv Shah ,  Rebecca K. Gottlieb ,  Eric A. Grovender ,  Shaun M. Pendo ,  Paul Citron ,  William P. Van Antwerp

IPC分类号： A61B5/1468

CPC分类号： A61B5/14865 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/412 ,  G01N33/5438

摘要： A long term analyte sensor for measuring at least one analyte in the body of a user and which includes a housing, a plurality of analyte contacting sensor elements and at least one structure for relaying information away from the sensor. This plurality of analyte contacting sensor elements are typically disposed in an array. The analyte sensor further includes at least one sensor protection membrane that is controllable in a manner such that sensor elements may be activated (e.g. exposed to the external environment) at different times so as to extend the useful life of the sensor. In illustrative analyte sensors, the analyte is glucose.

摘要翻译： 一种用于测量使用者身体中的至少一种分析物的长期分析物传感器，其包括壳体，多个分析物接触传感器元件和用于将信息远离传感器中继的至少一个结构。 该多个分析物接触传感器元件通常以阵列方式设置。 分析物传感器还包括至少一个传感器保护膜，该传感器保护膜可以以不同时间使传感器元件被激活（例如暴露于外部环境）的方式被控制，以便延长传感器的使用寿命。 在说明性的分析物传感器中，分析物是葡萄糖。

公开(公告)号：US07577470B2

公开(公告)日：2009-08-18

申请号：US10989038

申请日：2004-11-15

申请人： Rajiv Shah ,  Rebecca K. Gottlieb ,  Eric A. Grovender ,  Shaun Pendo ,  Paul Citron ,  William P. Van Antwerp

发明人： Rajiv Shah ,  Rebecca K. Gottlieb ,  Eric A. Grovender ,  Shaun Pendo ,  Paul Citron ,  William P. Van Antwerp

IPC分类号： A61B5/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/14865 ,  A61B5/14532 ,  A61B5/412 ,  G01N33/5438

摘要： A long term analyte sensor for measuring at least one analyte in the body of a user and which includes a housing, a plurality of analyte contacting sensor elements and at least one structure for relaying information away from the sensor. This plurality of analyte contacting sensor elements are typically disposed in an array. The analyte sensor further includes at least one sensor protection membrane that is controllable in a manner such that sensor elements may be activated (e.g. exposed to the external environment) at different times so as to extend the useful life of the sensor. In illustrative analyte sensors, the analyte is glucose.

摘要翻译： 一种用于测量使用者身体中的至少一种分析物的长期分析物传感器，其包括壳体，多个分析物接触传感器元件和用于将信息远离传感器中继的至少一个结构。 该多个分析物接触传感器元件通常以阵列方式设置。 分析物传感器还包括至少一个传感器保护膜，该传感器保护膜可以以不同时间使传感器元件被激活（例如暴露于外部环境）的方式被控制，以便延长传感器的使用寿命。 在说明性的分析物传感器中，分析物是葡萄糖。

公开(公告)号：US4417306A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-22

申请号：US337991

申请日：1982-01-07

申请人： Paul Citron ,  Dennis G. Hepp ,  Thomas L. Jirak

发明人： Paul Citron ,  Dennis G. Hepp ,  Thomas L. Jirak

IPC分类号： A61B5/0432 ,  G06F17/00 ,  G06F15/42 ,  A61B5/04

CPC分类号： A61B5/04325

摘要： Apparatus for monitoring and storing heart activity signals is disclosed as including a data processor illustratively in the form of a digital microprocessor. The monitoring and storing apparatus comprises a memory comprising first and second pluralities of storage locations, a circuit operating in a real time frame for sampling at a regular rate the patient's heart activity and for storing such sample signals in corresponding locations of said first plurality, an the data processor for processing the signals stored in the first plurality and for storing the processed signals in selected locations of said second plurality. The storage of the signals in the second plurality is performed in a second computer time frame and at a rate faster than the real time sampling rate. A sampling clock provides a sampling clock signal to the sampling circuit whereby the samples of the patient's heart activity are taken. A second computer clock provides computer clock signals to at least a portion of the data processor whereby the processing of the heart activity is effected in the relatively fast computer time frame. The data processor comprises a first portion or means that operates in response to the sample clock signal for evaluating the heart activity signals to determine the existence of a valid heartbeat and a second portion operating in the computer time frame for processing the detected heartbeat and in particular for determining the interval therebetween, which is evaluated to determine whether the heartbeat is occurring with a regular rhythm or not.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于监视和存储心脏活动信号的装置，其包括数字处理器，其以数字微处理器的形式示出。 监测和存储装置包括存储器，其包括第一和第二多个存储位置，以实时帧操作的电路，用于以正常速率对患者的心脏活动进行采样，并将这些采样信号存储在所述第一个的相应位置， 所述数据处理器用于处理存储在所述第一多个中的信号，并用于将所处理的信号存储在所述第二多个的选定位置中。 在第二计算机时间帧中以比实时采样速率更快的速率执行第二多个信号的存储。 采样时钟向采样电路提供采样时钟信号，由此采集患者心脏活动的样本。 第二计算机时钟向数据处理器的至少一部分提供计算机时钟信号，由此在相对快速的计算机时间框架内实现心脏活动的处理。 数据处理器包括第一部分或装置，其响应于采样时钟信号进行操作，用于评估心脏活动信号以确定有效心跳的存在，以及在计算机时间帧中操作的第二部分，用于处理检测到的心跳，特别是 用于确定它们之间的间隔，其被评估以确定心跳是否以正常节律发生。

公开(公告)号：US4364397A

公开(公告)日：1982-12-21

申请号：US114664

申请日：1980-01-23

申请人： Paul Citron ,  Dennis G. Hepp ,  Thomas L. Jirak

发明人： Paul Citron ,  Dennis G. Hepp ,  Thomas L. Jirak

IPC分类号： A61B5/024 ,  G06F17/00 ,  A61N5/04

CPC分类号： A61B5/024

摘要： Apparatus is disclosed for monitoring and storing electrical signals in a manner to detect the intervals between heartbeats and to provide a manifestation of whether the corresponding heart signals have a regular heart rhythm or not. Such apparatus comprises a memory having at least first and second areas, a circuit for receiving and sampling the heart signals, and a circuit for temporarily storing the heart sample signals in the first area. Further, there is included a circuit for processing or evaluating the heart signals stored in the first area to determine the occurrences of the patient's heartbeat and for determining the intervals between adjacent heartbeats. The determined intervals are stored in the second area and are evaluated to determine whether the patient's heart activity occurs with a regular rhythm. The monitoring and storing apparatus is operative over a monitoring period comprised of a plurality of trend sample intervals. If the heart activity signals occur with a regular rhythm, various characteristics of the heart activity signals including the average rate, and the minimum and maximum rate of the heartbeat as occur within an interval may be stored within a corresponding location of said area of the memory.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于以检测心跳之间的间隔的方式监测和存储电信号并且提供相应的心脏信号是否具有正常心律的表现的装置。 这种装置包括具有至少第一和第二区域的存储器，用于接收和采样心脏信号的电路，以及用于在第一区域临时存储心脏样本信号的电路。 此外，包括用于处理或评估存储在第一区域中的心脏信号的电路，以确定患者心跳的发生并确定相邻心跳之间的间隔。 将确定的间隔存储在第二区域中并进行评估，以确定患者的心脏活动是否以正常的节律发生。 监视和存储装置在由多个趋势采样间隔组成的监视时段内操作。 如果心脏活动信号以规律的节奏发生，则包括平均速率以及在间隔内发生的心跳的最小和最大速率的心脏活动信号的各种特征可被存储在存储器的所述区域的对应位置 。