Abstract:
A semiconductor chip package with direction-flexible mountability comprising a switching circuit for switching a pin function according to the mounting direction of a package, a pair of pin-definition pins for defining the pin function and a pair of power supply leads, and a pair of ground leads. One of the power supply lead pair and the ground lead pair is rotation-symmetrical to the other, respectively. The semiconductor chip package with direction-flexible mountability in accordance with the present invention eliminates a process for indicating the mounting direction because the package can be mounted onto a substrate regardless the direction. Accordingly, the ID pin indication and a series of processes for testing the ID pin are eliminated and the malfunction due to the incorrect direction is prevented.
Abstract:
In a liquid crystal display apparatus, a lower substrate has a transmissive electrode formed in a transmissive area of a first substrate and a reflective electrode formed in a reflective area of the first substrate. An upper substrate has a second substrate, a first insulating layer formed on the second substrate corresponding to the transmissive area, a common electrode formed on the first insulating layer and the second substrate corresponding to the reflective area, and a second insulating layer formed on the common electrode corresponding to the reflective area. Accordingly, the liquid crystal display apparatus may have a uniform cell gap, thereby improving a reflectance and a transmittance thereof.
Abstract:
There is provided a multi-mode communication system which is operable according to different operating modes, such as GSM and WCDMA. The multi-mode communication system includes first and second switching units, a delta-sigma modulator, an analog-to-digital converter, sequential convolution units and a selection unit. The delta-sigma modulator samples an analog signal, which is inputted through the first switching unit in one mode, into 1-bit digital signal. In another mode, the analog-to-digital converter samples an analog signal, which is inputted through the first switching unit into an n-bit digital signal. The sequential convolution units multiply filter factors with the output of the delta-sigma modulator, which is inputted through the second switching unit at the first mode, and multiply PN codes by the output of the analog-to-digital converter, which is inputted through the second switching unit at the second mode, to generate WCDMA output waveforms. The selection unit delays the outputs of the sequential convolution units by a predetermined time at the GSM mode to restore GSM output waveforms. Accordingly, the multi-mode communication system is operable according to multimodes, such as GSM mode and WCDMA mode.
Abstract:
In an LCD apparatus, a reflecting plate, which is formed on a pixel electrode connected to a switching device formed on an array substrate, defines a reflecting area from which a natural light is reflected and a transmitting area through which an artificial light is transmitted. The reflecting plate is partially extended to and overlapped with the transmitting area depending upon a rubbing direction of the array substrate. Thus, the reflective-transmissive type LCD apparatus may prevent occurrence of the afterimage, and may enhance a contrast ratio thereof when operated in a transmissive mode.
Abstract:
A liquid crystal display, in accordance with the present invention, includes a first substrate having a thin film transistor and a first electrode formed thereon. The first electrode is electrically connected to the thin film transistor. A first insulating layer is formed on the first substrate including the thin film transistor and the first electrode and a window is formed in the first insulating layer, the window exposing a predetermined region of the first electrode. A second electrode is provided on the first insulating layer and electrically connected to the first electrode. A second substrate includes a third electrode formed thereon. A first gap is formed between a surface of the third electrode and a surface of the predetermined region of the first electrode, and a second gap is formed between the surface of the third electrode and a surface of the second electrode. A liquid crystal layer is interposed between the first gap and the second gap. Other embodiments are included as well as methods for forming the liquid crystal display of the present invention.