Abstract:
A data programming method of a semiconductor memory device is provided which includes randomizing write data using a randomization method selected from among a plurality of randomization methods according to whether the write data is programmed in one of a plurality of nonvolatile memories; and programming the randomized write data in at least one of the plurality of nonvolatile memories, wherein the plurality of nonvolatile memories has different types from one another.
Abstract:
According to example embodiments, a method of operating a storage device includes reading a process capability index using a memory controller, adjusting at least one operation condition based on the process capability index, and operating one of at least one nonvolatile memory device according to the at least one operation condition adjusted. The process capability index indicates how a structure associated with a memory cell to be operated deviates from a target shape.