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公开(公告)号：US20080181557A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-31
申请号：US11701159
申请日：2007-01-31
IPC分类号： G02B6/12
CPC分类号： G02B6/12004 , G02B6/12002 , G02B6/43
摘要： Systems and methods for subterranean distribution of optical signals on integrated circuits are disclosed. A semiconductor device comprising a multi-layer substrate includes a surface layer and a subterranean layer. Electrical devices are formed in the surface layer. Optoelectronic devices may be formed in the subterranean layer or the surface layer and configured for converting electrical signals to optical signals or converting optical signals to electrical signals. At least one optical waveguide is formed in the subterranean layer and configured for transmitting optical signals through the subterranean layer. Electrical vias may be included for coupling electrical signals between the subterranean layer and the surface layer. In addition, optical vias may be for coupling optical signals between the subterranean layer and the surface layer
摘要翻译： 公开了用于集成电路上的光信号的地下分布的系统和方法。 包括多层基底的半导体器件包括表面层和地下层。 电器件形成在表层。 光电子器件可以形成在地层或表面层中并且被配置用于将电信号转换为光信号或将光信号转换为电信号。 在地下层中形成至少一个光波导，并配置成用于通过地下层传输光信号。 可以包括电气通孔用于耦合地下层和表面层之间的电信号。 此外，光学通孔可以用于耦合地层和表面层之间的光信号
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公开(公告)号：US20080180672A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-31
申请号：US11698320
申请日：2007-01-26
CPC分类号： G01N21/59 , B82Y20/00 , G01N21/7743 , G01N2021/7783
摘要： Various embodiments of the present invention are directed to analyte detection methods and to photonic-based sensors that employ photonic crystal gratings to detect analytes. In one embodiment of the present invention, a photonic-based sensor includes a source, a photonic crystal, and a photodetector. The source is configured to output electromagnetic radiation. The photonic crystal includes a photonic crystal grating positioned to receive the electromagnetic radiation. The electromagnetic radiation interacts with the photonic crystal grating and an analyte situated on or in the photonic crystal grating to produce a transmission spectrum that characterizes the analyte. The photodetector is positioned to detect the transmission spectrum.
摘要翻译： 本发明的各种实施例涉及分析物检测方法以及使用光子晶体光栅来检测分析物的基于光子的传感器。 在本发明的一个实施例中，基于光子的传感器包括源，光子晶体和光电检测器。 源被配置为输出电磁辐射。 光子晶体包括定位成接收电磁辐射的光子晶体光栅。 电磁辐射与光子晶体光栅和位于光子晶体光栅上或其中的分析物相互作用，以产生表征分析物的透射光谱。 定位光电检测器以检测透射光谱。
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103.发明授权Detecting one or more photons from their interactions with probe photons in a matter system 有权检测一个或多个光子与物质系统中与探针光子的相互作用公开(公告)号：US07002133B2
公开(公告)日：2006-02-21
申请号：US10678437
申请日：2003-10-03
IPC分类号： H01L31/00
CPC分类号： G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00
摘要： A device capable of efficiently detecting a single-photon signal includes a matter system, sources of a first beam and a second beam, and a measurement system. The matter system has a first energy level and a second energy level such that a signal photon couples to a transition between the first energy level and the second energy level. The first beam contains photons that couple to a transition between the second energy level and a third energy level of the matter system, and the second beam contains photons that couple to a transition between the third energy level and a fourth energy level of the matter system. The measurement system measures a change in the first or second beam to detect the absence, the presence, or the number of the photons in the signal.
摘要翻译： 能够有效地检测单光子信号的装置包括物质系统，第一光束和第二光束的源以及测量系统。 物质系统具有第一能级和第二能级，使得信号光子耦合到第一能级和第二能级之间的转变。 第一光束包含耦合到物质系统的第二能级与第三能级之间的转变的光子，而第二光束包含耦合到物质系统的第三能级与第四能级之间的跃迁的光子 。 测量系统测量第一或第二光束的变化，以检测信号中光子的不存在，存在或数量。
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公开(公告)号：US06989523B2
公开(公告)日：2006-01-24
申请号：US10412019
申请日：2003-04-11
IPC分类号： H01L31/00
CPC分类号： G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00
摘要： Photon resolving detectors with near unit detection efficiency distinguish between a target state including n photons and a target state including n+1 photons by measuring a phase shift that a probe photon state receives in a quantum gate. The detection does not destroy the photons from the target state, so that photons can be used after detection. A system using a non-destructive detector in conjunction with one or more single photon storage systems can store a determined number of photons and release one or more stored photons when required to produce a photon state including a determined number of photons.
摘要翻译： 具有接近单位检测效率的光子解析检测器通过测量探针光子状态在量子门中接收的相移来区分包括n个光子的目标状态和包括n + 1个光子的目标状态。 检测不会使光子从目标状态破坏，因此可以在检测到光子后使用。 结合一个或多个单光子存储系统使用非破坏性检测器的系统可以存储确定数量的光子并且当需要产生包括确定数量的光子的光子状态时释放一个或多个存储的光子。
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公开(公告)号：US5247389A
公开(公告)日：1993-09-21
申请号：US899652
申请日：1992-06-15
CPC分类号： G02F1/37
摘要： A general method which extends quadrature techniques to Type I nonlinear optical parametric interactions. In one embodiment, a pair of either uniaxial or biaxial birefringent nonlinear optical crystal elements are serially arranged and oriented so that each crystallographic axis in one conversion means is parallel to the corresponding axis in the second conversion means. Two colinear input fundamental laser fields with parallel polarizations propagate through both crystals, generating a sum-frequency output field. Between the two crystals, a harmonic waveplate is inserted that rotates only the polarization of the sum-frequency field generated in the first conversion means by 90.degree. about its propagation axis. The net polarization rotation of each of the two residual fundamental waves which remain after the interaction in the first conversion means is zero. Therefore, the fundamental waves remain correctly polarized for efficient nonlinear optical conversion in the second conversion means, while the sum-frequency wave is no longer correctly phase-matched for back-conversion. Precise phase-matching may be accomplished either by tilting the assembly about its angularly sensitive axis ("critical" phase-matching) or by adjusting the temperature of the crystals ("non critical" phase-matching). In general, the polarization of the sum-frequency output field will be elliptical, but it can be linearized by tilting the assembly about its angularly insensitive axis.
摘要翻译： 将正交技术扩展到I型非线性光学参数相互作用的一般方法。 在一个实施例中，一对单轴或双轴双折射非线性光学晶体元件被串联布置和取向，使得一个转换装置中的每个晶轴平行于第二转换装置中的相应轴。 具有并联极化的两个共线输入基本激光场通过两个晶体传播，产生和频输出场。 在两个晶体之间，插入谐波波片，其仅使第一转换装置中产生的和频场的极化相对于其传播轴旋转90°。 在第一转换装置中的相互作用之后残留的两个残余基波中的每一个的净极化旋转为零。 因此，在第二转换装置中，基波对于有效的非线性光学转换保持正确极化，而和频不再正确相位匹配用于反向转换。 可以通过围绕其角度敏感轴（“临界”相位匹配）倾斜组件或通过调整晶体的温度（“非关键”相位匹配））来实现精确的相位匹配。 一般来说，和频输出场的极化将是椭圆形，但是可以通过围绕其角度不灵敏轴倾斜组件来线性化。
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公开(公告)号：US4930133A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-29
申请号：US361148
申请日：1989-06-05
CPC分类号： H01S3/2383 , H01S5/4062
摘要： A system for producing two or more laser beams having stable frequency differences between them. The system includes two or more lasers that produce the respective laser beams, an optical resonator, and coupling optics for coupling portions of each laser beam into the resonator. The resonator produces feedback beams that are returned to the respective lasers to provide optical feedback. The feedback causes each laser to lock to a resonant mode of the resonator, to thereby stabilize the frequency difference between the lasers. The linewidth of each laser is also reduced.
摘要翻译： 一种用于制造它们之间具有稳定的频率差的两个或更多个激光束的系统。 该系统包括产生相应激光束的两个或更多个激光器，光学谐振器和用于将每个激光束的部分耦合到谐振器中的耦合光学器件。 谐振器产生返回到相应激光器以提供光学反馈的反馈光束。 反馈使每个激光器锁定到谐振器的谐振模式，从而稳定激光器之间的频率差。 每个激光器的线宽也减小了。
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公开(公告)号：US08519803B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-27
申请号：US12915598
申请日：2010-10-29
申请人： Moray McLaren , Raymond G. Beausoleil , Marco Fiorentino , Nathan Lorenzo Binkert , Norman Paul Jouppi , Alan Lynn Davis
发明人： Moray McLaren , Raymond G. Beausoleil , Marco Fiorentino , Nathan Lorenzo Binkert , Norman Paul Jouppi , Alan Lynn Davis
CPC分类号： H01P7/088 , G02F1/0147 , G02F2203/15 , H01P1/2084
摘要： Tunable resonator systems and methods for tuning resonator systems are disclosed. In one aspect, a resonator system includes an array of resonators disposed adjacent to a waveguide, at least one temperature sensor located adjacent to the array of resonators, and a resonator control electronically connected to the at least one temperature sensor. Each resonator has a resonance frequency in a resonator frequency comb and channels with frequencies in a channel frequency comb are transmitted in the waveguide. Resonance frequencies in the resonator frequency comb are to be adjusted in response to ambient temperature changes detected by the at least one temperature sensors to align the resonance frequency comb with the channel frequency comb.
摘要翻译： 公开了可调谐谐振器系统和用于调谐谐振器系统的方法。 在一个方面，谐振器系统包括邻近波导设置的谐振器阵列，与谐振器阵列相邻的至少一个温度传感器，以及电连接到至少一个温度传感器的谐振器控制器。 每个谐振器在谐振器频率梳中具有谐振频率，并且在波导中传输具有信道频率梳中的频率的信道。 要响应于由至少一个温度传感器检测到的环境温度变化来调节谐振器频率梳中的谐振频率，以使谐振频率梳与通道频率梳对齐。
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公开(公告)号：US20130107352A1
公开(公告)日：2013-05-02
申请号：US13284262
申请日：2011-10-28
申请人： Charles M. Santori , Andrei Faraon , Kai-Mei Fu , Victor M. Acosta , Zhihong Huang , Lars H. Thylen , Raymond G. Beausoleil
发明人： Charles M. Santori , Andrei Faraon , Kai-Mei Fu , Victor M. Acosta , Zhihong Huang , Lars H. Thylen , Raymond G. Beausoleil
IPC分类号： H01S3/05
CPC分类号： G06N99/002 , B82Y10/00
摘要： A quantum device includes a resonator and a tuning structure. The tuning structure is made a material such as a chalcogenide and is positioned to interact with the electromagnetic radiation in the resonator so that a resonant mode of the first resonator depends on a characteristic of the tuning structure. The resonator is optically coupled so that a transition between quantum states associated with a defect produces electromagnetic radiation in the resonator. The characteristic of the tuning structure is adjustable after fabrication of the resonator and the tuning structure.
摘要翻译： 量子器件包括谐振器和调谐结构。 调谐结构被制成诸如硫族化物的材料，并被定位成与谐振器中的电磁辐射相互作用，使得第一谐振器的谐振模式取决于调谐结构的特性。 谐振器被光学耦合，使得与缺陷相关联的量子态之间的转变在谐振器中产生电磁辐射。 调谐结构的特性在谐振器和调谐结构制造之后是可调节的。
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109.发明授权Optically integrated biosensor based on optically detected magnetic resonance 失效基于光学检测的磁共振的光学集成生物传感器公开(公告)号：US08193808B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-05
申请号：US12558408
申请日：2009-09-11
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01R33/323 , G01N24/088 , G01R33/302
摘要： An optically integrated magnetic biosensor includes an optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) center and a fluidics layer configured to contain a solution comprising analytes, the fluidics layer being disposed over the ODMR center. A light source which generates incident light excites electrons within the ODMR center from a ground state to an excited state and a radio frequency (RF) antenna generates an RF field incident with frequencies which correspond to ground state transitions in the ODMR center. The ODMR center produces emitted light when illuminated by the incident light. The characteristics of the emitted light are influenced by the RF field and magnetic nanoparticles attached to the analytes. A method for detecting analytes using optically detected magnetic resonance is also provided.
摘要翻译： 光学集成的磁性生物传感器包括光学检测的磁共振（ODMR）中心和被配置为容纳包含分析物的溶液的流体层，流体层设置在ODMR中心上。 产生入射光的光源激发ODMR中心内的电子从基态到激发态，射频（RF）天线产生与ODMR中心的基态状态转换相对应的频率入射的RF场。 当由入射光照亮时，ODMR中心产生发射光。 发射光的特性受到附着在分析物上的RF场和磁性纳米粒子的影响。 还提供了使用光学检测的磁共振来检测分析物的方法。
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110.发明申请OPTICALLY INTEGRATED BIOSENSOR BASED ON OPTICALLY DETECTED MAGNETIC RESONANCE 失效基于光学检测的磁共振的光学集成生物传感器公开(公告)号：US20110062957A1
公开(公告)日：2011-03-17
申请号：US12558408
申请日：2009-09-11
IPC分类号： G01R33/44
CPC分类号： G01R33/323 , G01N24/088 , G01R33/302
摘要： An optically integrated magnetic biosensor includes an optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) center and a fluidics layer configured to contain a solution comprising analytes, the fluidics layer being disposed over the ODMR center. A light source which generates incident light excites electrons within the ODMR center from a ground state to an excited state and a radio frequency (RF) antenna generates an RF field incident with frequencies which correspond to ground state transitions in the ODMR center. The ODMR center produces emitted light when illuminated by the incident light. The characteristics of the emitted light are influenced by the RF field and magnetic nanoparticles attached to the analytes. A method for detecting analytes using optically detected magnetic resonance is also provided.
摘要翻译： 光学集成的磁性生物传感器包括光学检测的磁共振（ODMR）中心和被配置为容纳包含分析物的溶液的流体层，流体层设置在ODMR中心上。 产生入射光的光源激发ODMR中心内的电子从基态到激发态，射频（RF）天线产生与ODMR中心的基态状态转换相对应的频率入射的RF场。 当由入射光照亮时，ODMR中心产生发射光。 发射光的特性受到附着在分析物上的RF场和磁性纳米粒子的影响。 还提供了使用光学检测的磁共振来检测分析物的方法。
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