公开(公告)号：US4454361A

公开(公告)日：1984-06-12

申请号：US448653

申请日：1982-12-10

Applicant: Suseelan R. Pookote ,  Melvin R. Bagley

Inventor： Suseelan R. Pookote ,  Melvin R. Bagley

IPC: C07C201/16 ,  C07C79/12

CPC classification number: C07C201/16

Abstract: Mixtures of para-nitrochlorobenzene crystals and a liquid, ordinarily comprising the mother liquor of the crystals are continuously separated in one or more cylindrical presses in at least two stages. Reduction of the interstitial space causes the mother liquor to be forced out of the drainage aperatures thus purifying the crystals.

Abstract translation: 通常包含晶体母液的对硝基氯苯晶体和液体的混合物在至少两个阶段中在一个或多个圆柱形压力机中连续分离。 间隙空间的减少导致母液被排出排水孔，从而净化晶体。

公开(公告)号：US4416734A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-22

申请号：US262078

申请日：1981-05-11

Applicant: Martin J. Jacobs

Inventor： Martin J. Jacobs

IPC: B01D3/36 ,  B01D9/00 ,  B01D12/00 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C79/18

CPC classification number: C07C201/16 ,  B01D12/00 ,  B01D3/36 ,  B01D9/0004

Abstract: A process for the separation of a dissolved solid from an aqueous solution containing it, comprising the steps of (a) adding thereto an organic liquid which is a poor solvent for the dissolved solid and which forms an azeotrope with water, (b) subjecting the mixture to azeotropic distillation to separate at least a major portion of the water, (c) cooling the mixture thereby causing substantially complete separation of the dissolved solids, and (d) separating same from the mother liquor.

Abstract translation: 一种从含有溶解的固体的水溶液中分离溶解的固体的方法，包括以下步骤：（a）向其中加入作为溶解的固体的不良溶剂并与水形成共沸物的有机液体，（b） 混合物以共沸蒸馏以分离至少大部分水，（c）冷却混合物，从而使溶解的固体基本上完全分离，和（d）将其从母液中分离出来。

公开(公告)号：US4338473A

公开(公告)日：1982-07-06

申请号：US151286

申请日：1980-05-19

Applicant: Kurt Habig ,  Konrad Baessler ,  Lothar Schulz ,  Heinz Schutte

Inventor： Kurt Habig ,  Konrad Baessler ,  Lothar Schulz ,  Heinz Schutte

IPC: C07B43/02 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C76/02 ,  C07C79/10 ,  C07C79/12

CPC classification number: C07C201/16 ,  C07B43/02

Abstract: Nitrosation agent(s), contained as by-products in nitrated aromatic compounds after nitration with nitric acid or nitration acid, are removed by a water treatment, wherein the water is distilled off at least partially in vapor form, advantageously under reduced pressure. In the further reaction of the nitrocompounds treated in this manner undesired nitrosamines are practically not formed. The process is especially suitable for the manufacture of 4-di-n-propylamino-3,5-dinitrobenzotrifluoride (Trifluralin), a valuable herbicide, substantially free from nitrosamine(s).

Abstract translation: 通过水处理除去在用硝酸或硝酸酸硝化之后在硝化芳族化合物中作为副产物包含的亚硝化剂，其中有利地在减压下至少部分地以蒸气形式蒸馏掉水。 在以这种方式处理的硝基化合物的进一步反应中，实际上不形成不希望的亚硝胺。 该方法特别适用于生产基本上不含亚硝胺的有价值的除草剂4-二正丙基氨基-3,5-二硝基三氟甲苯（Trifluralin）。

公开(公告)号：US4331819A

公开(公告)日：1982-05-25

申请号：US143372

申请日：1980-04-24

Applicant: Robert McCall

Inventor： Robert McCall

IPC: C07C201/16 ,  B01J14/00 ,  B01J19/14 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/02 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/10 ,  C07C205/11 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C209/36 ,  C07C76/02 ,  C07C79/10

CPC classification number: B01J14/00 ,  B01J19/14 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C209/36 ,  Y02P20/142

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of nitrated aromatic compounds by the mixed acid process, in which water is removed from the reaction mass by passing an inert gas through it.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过混合酸法制备硝化芳族化合物的方法，其中通过使惰性气体通过反应物料将水从反应物料中除去。

公开(公告)号：US4288615A

公开(公告)日：1981-09-08

申请号：US122957

申请日：1980-02-21

Applicant: John H. Bright

Inventor： John H. Bright

IPC: C07C201/16 ,  C07C51/43

CPC classification number: C07C201/16

Abstract: 3-Nitrobenzoic acid is recovered from a mixture of 2-, 3- and 4-nitrobenzoic acids by basifying to a pH of 8-12 and then adding an acid to reduce the pH to 1.5-3.5 to precipitate the desired compound.

Abstract translation: 通过碱化至8-12的pH从2-，3-和4-硝基苯甲酸的混合物中回收3-硝基苯甲酸，然后加入酸将pH降至1.5-3.5以沉淀所需化合物。

公开(公告)号：US4157353A

公开(公告)日：1979-06-05

申请号：US871239

申请日：1978-01-23

Applicant: Anatoli Onopchenko ,  Johann G. Schulz

Inventor： Anatoli Onopchenko ,  Johann G. Schulz

IPC: C07C45/28 ,  C07C45/81 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C49/76

CPC classification number: C07C45/28 ,  C07C45/81

Abstract: A process for recovering a dialkylarylketone from an oily mixture containing largely a 1,1-diaryl-2-nitroethylene as contaminant which comprises heating the oily mixture to a temperature of at least about 140.degree. C. and then recovering solid dialkylarylketone from a solvent solution of the 1,1-diaryl-2-nitroethylene.

公开(公告)号：US4155921A

公开(公告)日：1979-05-22

申请号：US850509

申请日：1977-11-10

Applicant: Walter Hohmann ,  Klaus Wunderlich

Inventor： Walter Hohmann ,  Klaus Wunderlich

IPC: C07C205/47 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C49/68

CPC classification number: C07C201/16 ,  C07C205/47

Abstract: A process has been invented for the isolation of 1,6- and 1,7-dinitroanthraquinone by treating mixtures containing these isomers with nitrobenzene.

Abstract translation: 已经发明了通过用硝基苯处理含有这些异构体的混合物来分离1,6-和1,7-二硝基蒽醌的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4123615A

公开(公告)日：1978-10-31

申请号：US771369

申请日：1977-02-23

Applicant: Laszlo Levai ,  Gyula Mikite

Inventor： Laszlo Levai ,  Gyula Mikite

IPC: C07B61/00 ,  B01J23/00 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C205/14 ,  C07C205/16 ,  C07C76/02

CPC classification number: C07C201/12 ,  C07C201/16

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel process for producing the threo- and erythro-isomers of 1-phenyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol through the aldol-type alkaline condensation of benzaldehyde and nitroethanol, wherein the reaction mixture is acidified and, if desired, the isomers are separated from the obtained isomer mixture and the obtained isomers are transformed into each other through epimerization, characterized in that the condensation and, if desired, also the epimerization are carried out in the presence of catalytical amounts of an alkaline hydroxide.The process according to the invention makes it possible to produce 1-phenyl-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol, an intermediate of the antibiotic chloramphenicol, in high yields, and in an extremely advantageous way which can be carried out simply and economically even on an industrial scale.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种通过苯甲醛和硝基乙醇的醛醇型碱性缩合生产1-苯基-2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇的苏 - 和红 - 异构体的新方法，其中反应混合物被酸化， 如果需要，将异构体与获得的异构体混合物分离，所得异构体通过差向异构体彼此转化，其特征在于缩合反应，如果需要，还可以在催化量的碱性氢氧化物存在下进行差向异构化 。

公开(公告)号：US4035291A

公开(公告)日：1977-07-12

申请号：US646455

申请日：1976-01-05

Applicant: Robert Chiang ,  Eli Perry

Inventor： Robert Chiang ,  Eli Perry

IPC: B01D71/82 ,  B01J47/12 ,  C01B7/00 ,  C01B7/01 ,  C07C17/38 ,  C07C45/78 ,  C07C45/79 ,  C07C201/16 ,  B01D13/00

CPC classification number: B01D61/362 ,  B01D71/82 ,  B01J47/12 ,  C07C45/786 ,  B01D2325/14

Abstract: Process for the separation of water from mixtures of water and formaldehyde by contacting the mixtures against an organic polymeric membrane, and withdrawing at the other side of the membrane a mixture having a higher concentration of water.

Abstract translation: 通过使混合物与有机聚合物膜接触而将水与水和甲醛的混合物分离的方法，并且在膜的另一侧取出具有较高浓度水的混合物。

公开(公告)号：US4033829A

公开(公告)日：1977-07-05

申请号：US640360

申请日：1975-12-15

Applicant: Thomas D. Higgins, Jr. ,  Raymond A. Newsom

Inventor： Thomas D. Higgins, Jr. ,  Raymond A. Newsom

IPC: C07C7/20 ,  C07C201/16 ,  B01D3/32 ,  C07C15/10

CPC classification number: C08F2/40 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C7/20 ,  C08J3/241

Abstract: Styrene is inhibited against polymerization during the distillation thereof by incorporating therein, in an amount sufficient to inhibit polymerization thereof, the dinitrophenol solution recovered from styrene still residues or tars resulting from the distillation of styrene in the presence of dinitrophenol. The recovered dinitrophenol solution is a more effective polymerization inhibitor than dinitrophenol per se.

Abstract translation: 苯乙烯在蒸馏期间被抑制聚合，其中以足以抑制其聚合的量，通过在二硝基苯酚存在下由苯乙烯蒸馏得到的苯乙烯残渣或焦油回收的二硝基苯酚溶液。 回收的二硝基苯酚溶液是比二硝基苯酚本身更有效的阻聚剂。