Abstract:
An alignment layer to be used for liquid crystal displays each having at least two substrates with liquid crystals sealed therebetween is formed as follows: The substrates placed on each of several substrate trays are heated in a first load-lock chamber. At least one of the two substrates is irradiated with evaporated particles of oxide silicon (SiOx: 1.0nullxnull2.0) by vacuum deposition at an angle in the range from 45null to 60null from a direction of the normal line on the substrate surface to form an alignment layer thereon while the substrate trays are being moved in a layer-deposition chamber intermittently or sequentially. The substrate trays are cooled in a second load-lock chamber, thus producing substrates each formed the alignment layer thereon. The deposition chamber may beset under a requirement 0nullnullnullnull3null in nullnullnulltannull1(d cos null/(Dnulld sin null)) nulldnull a distance from the substrate center to the center of a substrate edge, nullDnull a distance from the substrate center to the center of an evaporation source containing the oxide silicon, and null an angle formed between a direction in which the normal line extends on the substrate center and another direction in which evaporated particles of oxide silicon are deposited on the substrate center from the evaporation source. The alignment layer may be formed at an angle of layer deposition in the range from 3null to 10null.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a card recording apparatus capable of printing in high speed as well as reducing overall dimensions of the apparatus. After a card is transported to an information recording section 200 in a lateral (short length) direction of the card, an information signal is recorded on the card thereby. Then, the card is transported to a second heating section 300. An ink image formed on an intermediate recording medium 7 by a first heating section 500 is re-transferred to the card by the second heating section 300. A warp developed on the card by the second heating section 300 is corrected by a card warp correcting section 400.
Abstract:
In an information recording medium comprising at least a substrate, a recording layer, and a resin layer, the substrate is formed with at least a pit corresponding to a read only area 31 and a groove corresponding to a recording/reproducing area 32 without overlapping with each other. A reflectivity of the recording layer is specified to be more than 10%. The recording layer and the resin layer are continuously adhered over both the read only and recording/reproducing areas 31 and 32. The information recording medium is characterized in that both push-pull signal outputs T1 and T2, which are reproduced from the read only area 31 and the recording/reproducing area 32 respectively, are more than 0.1 and satisfy an inequality 1.5nullT1/T2null0.5.
Abstract:
A cassette holder for a large and a small cassette to be selectively loaded. An upper surface of a frame is a part of a bottom surface of a cassette opening having a size fitting the large cassette, through which the large or the small cassette is to be loaded. A pair of positioning-restriction elements is provided inside the cassette holder when viewed from the opening provided on the front panel. The distance between the restriction elements has a width enough for the small cassette to be loaded therebetween to a predetermined position in the cassette holder. A cassette detector detects the large cassette when this cassette is loaded through the cassette opening. At least a part of the cassette detector is positioned so that it is closer to a front-end section of the cassette opening than the positioning-restriction elements are when viewed from the cassette opening. A drive mechanism moves the restriction elements from positions at which the restriction elements allow the small cassette to be loaded therebetween to other positions at which the restriction elements do not obstruct the large cassette to be loaded, when the cassette detector detects the large cassette. A pair of flaps is positioned so that each flap is closer to the front-end section of the cassette opening than the positioning-restriction elements are when viewed from the cassette opening. The distance between the flaps has a width enough for the small cassette to be loaded therebetween to the predetermined position in the cassette holder. The flaps are opened to allow the large cassette to be loaded when the flaps are pushed by the large cassette whereas they are engaged with the restriction elements to obstruct the small cassette to be loaded when at least either of the flaps is pushed by the small cassette.
Abstract:
A liquid crystal display element 10 is composed of a pair of boards 11 and 15 that sandwiches liquid crystals 13 having negative dielectric anisotropy, wherein one of the pair of boards 11 and 15 is a transparent board 11, the liquid crystal display element 10 is further composed of inorganic alignment layers 12 and 14 provided on each side of the pair of boards 11 and 15, which faces toward the liquid crystals 13, so as to orientate a pre-tilt angle of the liquid crystals 13 to 3 to 10 degrees.
Abstract:
An information recording medium 11 is at least composed a substrate 8 having microscopic pattern 3C or 3E, which is constituted by a shape of continuous substance of approximately parallel grooves formed with a convex shaped section and a concave shaped section alternately on a surface of the substrate, a recording layer 9 that is formed on the microscopic pattern 3C or 3E and a light transmitting layer 10 having thickness of 0.05 mm to 0.12 mm that is formed on the recording layer 9. The microscopic pattern 3C or 3E is formed so as to satisfy a relation of Pnullnull/NA, wherein P is a pitch of the convex shaped section or the concave shaped section, null is a wavelength of reproducing light beam and NA is a numerical aperture of an objective lens. Further, the microscopic pattern 3C or 3E is characterized in that a modulated address information is formed on both side walls of the convex shaped section that is viewed form the light transmitting layer side as a wobble having same period and phase. Furthermore, even in a case that a laser beam is irradiated on the side opposite to the substrate 9 of the information recording medium 11, a reproduced signal in high output and high quality can be obtained and an address and recorded information can be read out accurately.
Abstract translation:信息记录介质11至少包括具有微观图案3C或3E的基板8,该基板8由在基板的表面上交替形成的具有凸形部分和凹形部分的大致平行的凹槽的连续物质的形状构成 ,形成在微观图案3C或3E上的记录层9和形成在记录层9上的厚度为0.05mm至0.12mm的透光层10.微观图案3C或3E形成为满足 P <=λ/ NA的关系,其中P是凸形部分或凹形部分的间距,λ是再现光束的波长,NA是物镜的数值孔径。 此外,微观图案3C或3E的特征在于,在从透光层侧观察的凸形部分的两个侧壁上形成调制地址信息作为具有相同周期和相位的摆动。 此外,即使在与信息记录介质11的基板9相反的一侧照射激光束的情况下,也可以获得高输出和高质量的再现信号,并且可以准确地读出地址和记录信息 。
Abstract:
A reflective liquid crystal display device has at least one anti-reflection layer made of a metallic film and a silicon oxynitride film that exhibits low reflectivity against light beams which may otherwise be incident into pixel switching transistors. At least one pair of pixel switching transistor and a capacitor are formed on a semiconductor substrate. The transistor and the capacitor are electrically isolated from each other. A first interlayer insulating layer is formed on the transistor and the capacitor. A wiring layer is formed on the first interlayer insulating layer. A second interlayer insulating layer is formed over the wiring layer. A light shielding layer is formed on the second interlayer insulating layer. A third interlayer insulating layer is formed over the light shielding layer. At least one pixel electrode is formed on the third interlayer insulating layer. A common electrode is formed over the pixel electrode. A light-transmissive substrate is formed on the common electrode. A liquid crystal layer is provided between the pixel electrode and the common electrode. An anti-reflection layer is formed on, at least, either the wiring layer or the light shielding layer. The anti-reflection layer is a double layer of a metallic film and a silicon oxynitride film that exhibits a refraction index different from a refraction index of the third interlayer insulating layer.
Abstract:
A format of data recorded in a DVD-Audio disc is composed of an audio manager (AMG) and a plurality of audio title sets (ATSs) following the AMG. A plurality of audio packs are arranged in each ATS. An audio signal indicating a musical composition is encoded to audio data in a signal processing circuit, and the audio data is arranged in the audio packs. The audio data of the audio packs are formatted in a DVD formatting unit with the AMG to be arranged in the ATSs following the AMG. Also, copyright information is arranged in an area of a control data block placed in a read-in area of the DVD-Audio disc. Table-of-contents (TOC) information indicating a top address of the audio data is automatically produced and is arranged in an empty area of the control data block reserved for the copyright information, in an area of the audio packs, in an area of the AMG or in an area of the ATSs. The AMG, the ATSs including the audio packs and the TOC information arranged at the data format in the DVD formatting unit are transmitted to a human editor through a transmission medium and is recorded in the DVD-Audio disc. Therefore, when the audio data is read out from the DVD-Audio disc, the audio data can be easily played back from the top position of the musical composition according to the TOC information.
Abstract:
A digital signal recording disc has a first area and a second area. The second area differs from the first area. The first area stores a first-channel digital audio signal and a second-channel digital audio signal. The first-channel digital audio signal results from quantizing a first-channel analog audio signal with a first quantization bit number. The second-channel digital audio signal results from quantizing a second-channel analog audio signal with a second quantization bit number. The second area stores information of the first and second quantization bit numbers.
Abstract:
A format of data recorded in a DVD-Audio disc is composed of an audio manager (AMG) and a plurality of audio title sets (ATSS) following the AMG. A plurality of audio packs are arranged in each ATS. An audio signal indicating a musical composition is encoded to audio data in a signal processing circuit, and the audio data is arranged in the audio packs. The audio data of the audio packs are formatted in a DVD formatting unit with the AMG to be arranged in the ATSs following the AMG. Also, copyright information is arranged in an area of a control data block placed in a read-in area of the DVD-Audio disc. Table-of-contents (TOC) information indicating a top address of the audio data is automatically produced and is arranged in an empty area of the control data block reserved for the copyright information, in an area of the audio packs, in an area of the AMG or in an area of the ATSs. The AMG, the ATSs including the audio packs and the TOC information arranged at the data format in the DVD formatting unit are transmitted to a human editor through a transmission medium and is recorded in the DVD-Audio disc. Therefore, when the audio data is read out from the DVD-Audio disc, the audio data can be easily played back from the top position of the musical composition according to the TOC information.