Abstract:
The method of processing a first digital image by combining the first digital image with a second digital image includes the first digital image being received from a pixel array, and when receiving the first digital image it is converted into a first continuous sequential data stream. The second digital image may be provided in the form of a second continuous sequential data stream, and the first and second digital images may be combined by continuously combining the data in the first and second data stream.
Abstract:
A method is for generating a key from the fixed pattern noise (FPN) of a CMOS image sensor to be used in generating a digital authentication signature. The key may be generated by temporarily disabling the FPN cancellation circuit that is conventionally included in the system, and generating a substantially “black” image to produce a digitized FPN signal. The key may then be generated from characteristics of the FPN, such as by comparing pairs of pixels, for example.
Abstract:
A method for designing an integrated circuit where the integrated circuit includes a plurality of modules and where each module includes an initiator port and a target port coupled to a distributed routing network. The initiator port is implemented by configuring whether the initiator or the distributed routing network is responsible for ordering responses to requests issued by the initiator port and defining the maximum number of requests that are permitted to be outstanding at the same time. The initiator port is further configured to define whether a delay stage is required in said initiator port. The distributed routing network is defined by the number of routing resources between the initiator and the target, an arbitration method for arbitrating between requests and an association between the routing resources and the targets.
Abstract:
A digital filter is provided that may replace a center pixel with the nearest-valued opposing average. The filter may reduce the amplitude of a defective pixel couplet by at least 50%, and may structure noise into linear artifacts.
Abstract:
A detection apparatus is for a computer to detect the presence or absence of a computer user. The absence of a user can trigger a computer display to power down, while the detected presence of a user can trigger the display to power back up, and, optionally, require a log in. The detection apparatus may operate automatically and thus may provide a reliable way of saving power and/or ensuring security of computer data.
Abstract:
A method for manufacturing an image sensor including an array of pixels and an imaging lens exit pupil for focusing rays of light onto the array of pixels is provided. Each pixel includes a light sensitive region and at least one optical element associated therewith. The method includes positioning the at least one optical element for each pixel relative to its associated light sensitive region based upon a range of acceptable angles of incidence for the rays of light from the imaging lens exit pupil.
Abstract:
A method for image compression of a set of image data includes performing a quantization operation on the image data. The quantization operation may include controlling a compression factor by applying a scaled quantization level obtained by multiplying a first quantization level by a gain factor. The gain factor may be updated as a function of a bit per pixel value of a compressed image. The update operation may include an iterative procedure including at least one iteration step that provides for updating a current gain factor as a function of a previous gain used for performing a previous compression step and as a function of a ratio of the bit per pixel value of the compressed image at the previous compression step to a target bit per pixel value. The method may be used in Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) image processing and digital still cameras.
Abstract:
An imaging assembly for an image sensor may include a lens, a transparent substrate and two aspherical optical coatings on each side of the substrate. The imaging assembly can also incorporate an opaque coating with an opening in-line with the lens to form an aperture, an anti-reflection coating, and an infrared filter coating.
Abstract:
The method of determining a focus measure from an image includes detecting one or more edges in the image by processing the image with one or more first order edge detection kernels adapted to reject edge phasing effects. A first measure of the strength of each of the edges, and the contrast of each of the edges may be determined. The method may include normalizing the first measure of the strength of each of the edges by the contrast of each of the edges to obtain a second measure of the strength of each of the edges, and resealing the second measure of the strength of each of the edges. The method may also include selecting one or more of the edges from the image in accordance with the second measure of their strengths, and calculating the focus measure from the second measure of the strengths of the selected edges.
Abstract:
In an apparatus, such as an optical mouse, relative motion between itself and an adjacent surface is detected. A lens focuses an image of the illuminated adjacent surface, and an image sensor receives the image and generates picture signals representing sequential frames of the image. A high-pass filter may filter the picture signals. An image processor may receive the high-pass filtered picture signals for correlating successive frames of the picture signals to derive an output representing the relative motion.