Acoustic sounding
    11.
    发明授权
    Acoustic sounding 有权
    声音探测

    公开(公告)号:US06755080B2

    公开(公告)日:2004-06-29

    申请号:US10232622

    申请日:2002-09-03

    IPC分类号: G01N2904

    摘要: Methods and apparatus for atmospheric sounding using acoustic chirps are disclosed, the transmitted and echo chirps being compared in a mixer that yields frequency sums and differences. Preferably, the mixing is performed as a complex multiplication in the Fourier domain. In one system (1) a signal generator (5) such as a PC sound card drives a loudspeaker (3) that serves as a transmitter and echo pulses are detedcted by a microphone (4) that serves as a receiver. Chirps transmitted by the loudspeaker (3) travel by different paths (7a and 7b) due to reflection from TILS or thermal inversion layers (2a and 2b) at different altitudes. The transmitted and echo chirp signals are compared in a mixer (6) from which various outputs (8 and 9) can be generated. One output (8) might be the magnitude of the difference between the transmitted and echo chirp tones, instant by instant, which is indicative of the altitudes of the respective TILs. The other output (9) might be the phase shift in an echo tone with transit time, which is indicative of vertical wind velocity at different altitudes. Such sounding methods and apparatus are useful for weather research, prediction of plume dispersal and the design of microwave links to minimize multipath fading.

    摘要翻译: 公开了使用声啁啾的大气探测的方法和装置,在产生频率和差的混合器中比较发射和回波啁啾声。 优选地,混合在傅立叶域中作为复数乘法进行。 在一个系统(1)中,诸如PC声卡的信号发生器(5)驱动用作发射器的扬声器(3),回波脉冲被作为接收器的麦克风(4)去除。 由于不同高度的TILS或热反演层(2a和2b)的反射,由扬声器(3)传输的啁啾声由不同的路径(7a和7b)行进。 传输和回波啁啾信号在混合器(6)中进行比较,混合器(6)可从中产生各种输出(8和9)。 一个输出(8)可以是瞬时的发射和回波线性调频音之间的差值的大小,其表示相应的TIL的高度。 另一个输出(9)可能是具有传输时间的回波音中的相移,这表示不同高度的垂直风速。 这种发声方法和装置对于天气研究,羽流散射的预测和微波链路的设计是有用的,以最小化多径衰落。

    SODAR SOUNDING OF THE LOWER ATMOSHERE
    12.
    发明申请
    SODAR SOUNDING OF THE LOWER ATMOSHERE 有权
    SODAR SOUNDING OF LOWER ATMOSHERE

    公开(公告)号:US20100046325A1

    公开(公告)日:2010-02-25

    申请号:US11993207

    申请日:2006-06-15

    IPC分类号: G01S15/88

    摘要: A monstatic sodar system using long chirps and send-while-listening techniques employs transmitter-receiver pairs (Tw, Rw; Tv, Rv; Te, Re) that have coincident main lobes (Twm, Rwm; Tvm, Rvm; Tem, Rem). The system uses digital time domain matched filters and frequency modulated or digitally modulated (eg, BPSK) chirps. Digital frequency domain matched filtering may also be used. The matched filters generate sample streams indicative of the phase and amplitude of echo signals returned from the atmosphere after the transmission of a chirp into the atmosphere.

    摘要翻译: 使用长啁啾和发声同时监听技术的静止式索达系统使用具有重合主瓣(Twm,Rwm; Tvm,Rvm; Tem,Rem)的发射机 - 接收机对(Tw,Rw; Tv,Rv; Te,Re) 。 该系统使用数字时域匹配滤波器和频率调制或数字调制(例如BPSK)啁啾。 也可以使用数字频域匹配滤波。 匹配滤波器产生指示在将啁啾传送到大气中之后从大气返回的回波信号的相位和幅度的样本流。

    Sodar sounding of the lower atmosphere
    13.
    发明授权
    Sodar sounding of the lower atmosphere 有权
    索达声音较低的气氛

    公开(公告)号:US07814783B2

    公开(公告)日:2010-10-19

    申请号:US11993207

    申请日:2006-06-15

    IPC分类号: G01K1/00

    摘要: A monstatic sodar system using long chirps and send-while-listening techniques employs transmitter-receiver pairs (Tw, Rw; Tv, Rv; Te, Re) that have coincident main lobes (Twm, Rwm; Tvm, Rvm; Tem, Rem). The system uses digital time domain matched filters and frequency modulated or digitally modulated (eg, BPSK) chirps. Digital frequency domain matched filtering may also be used. The matched filters generate sample streams indicative of the phase and amplitude of echo signals returned from the atmosphere after the transmission of a chirp into the atmosphere.

    摘要翻译: 使用长啁啾和发声同时监听技术的静止式索达系统使用具有重合主瓣(Twm,Rwm; Tvm,Rvm; Tem,Rem)的发射机 - 接收机对(Tw,Rw; Tv,Rv; Te,Re) 。 该系统使用数字时域匹配滤波器和频率调制或数字调制(例如BPSK)啁啾。 也可以使用数字频域匹配滤波。 匹配滤波器产生指示在将啁啾传送到大气中之后从大气返回的回波信号的相位和幅度的样本流。

    Adaptive packet routing
    14.
    发明授权
    Adaptive packet routing 失效
    自适应数据包路由

    公开(公告)号:US07372819B2

    公开(公告)日:2008-05-13

    申请号:US10479897

    申请日:2002-06-11

    IPC分类号: H04L12/56

    摘要: A method of determining the latency of a route in a packet-switched network, a packet switch for use in such a method and network and a packet-switched network are disclosed. Preferably, each switch maintains a routing table that records the latency of the routes accessible by that switch. Each switch also preferably has a GPS-based universal time clock which it employs to time the transmission and arrival of identifiable timing packets, these times being used to compute route latency and to up-date the routing tables. In one example (FIG. 1) a packet-switched network has a plurality of switches (S1-S6) interconnected by links or trunks (T1-T7). A local GPS-base clock (GPS CLK) is connected to each switch (S1-S6) to enable the accurate timing of transmission and reception of identifiable timing packets in accordance with a system-wide universal timing standard.

    摘要翻译: 公开了一种确定分组交换网络中的路由的等待时间的方法,用于这种方法和网络的分组交换机以及分组交换网络。 优选地,每个交换机维护路由表,其记录该交换机可访问的路由的延迟。 每个开关还优选地具有基于GPS的通用时钟,其用于对可识别的定时分组的传输和到达进行计时,这些时间用于计算路由延迟并更新路由表。 分组交换网络具有通过链路或中继线(T 1 -T 7)互连的多个交换机(S1-1-6)。在一个示例中(图1的视图)。 本地GPS基准时钟(GPS CLK)连接到每个交换机(S1-1-6),以便根据系统范围的通用定时标准实现可识别定时分组的发送和接收的准确定时。

    Measurement of air characteristics in the lower atmosphere
    15.
    发明授权
    Measurement of air characteristics in the lower atmosphere 有权
    测量低层大气中的空气特性

    公开(公告)号:US07317659B2

    公开(公告)日:2008-01-08

    申请号:US11153802

    申请日:2005-06-15

    IPC分类号: G01S15/02

    摘要: Sodar systems and methods for acoustically sounding air are disclosed in which chirps longer than 300 ms—and preferably with durations of tens of seconds—are used along with matched filter and/or Fourier processing methods to derive phase signals indicative of air characteristics in range. A listen-while-transmit strategy is preferred, the direct signal being removed by subtracting the phase signals from two or more receivers located near the transmitter so as to be in the same noise environment. The resultant differential signals can be related to cross-range wind with range distance. In one example, apparatus (100) is employed comprising a reflector dish (102) over which one central loudspeaker (110) and four microphones (112, 114, 130 and 132) are mounted, the microphones preferably being located on cardinal compass points and having their axes (124, 126) slightly angled with respect to the vertical transmission axis (122).

    摘要翻译: 公开了用于声学探测空气的Sodar系统和方法,其中使用长于300ms的啁啾和优选地持续数十秒的啁啾以及匹配的滤波器和/或傅里叶处理方法来导出指示范围内的空气特性的相位信号。 听同时发送策略是优选的,通过从位于发射机附近的两个或更多个接收机减去相位信号以使其处于相同的噪声环境中,直接信号被去除。 得到的差分信号可以与距离范围的横跨风相关。 在一个示例中,采用装置(100),其中安装有一个中心扬声器(110)和四个麦克风(112,114,130和132)的反射器盘(102),麦克风优选地位于基数罗盘点上, 使它们的轴线(124,126)相对于垂直传动轴线(122)略微成角度。

    Fading simulator
    16.
    发明授权
    Fading simulator 失效
    褪色模拟器

    公开(公告)号:US5862455A

    公开(公告)日:1999-01-19

    申请号:US549790

    申请日:1995-12-05

    CPC分类号: H04B17/0085 H04B17/3912

    摘要: A fading simulator for generating multipath-faded test signals which have attenuation notches of precisely controllable frequency position and attenuation depth from a modulated input signal of known bandwidth. The input signal is fed to a splitter that directs two in-phase components to a first path and a second path. The input to each path is divided by a splitter into in-phase and quadrature sub-signals having a quadrature phase relationship, each sub-signal being fed to a respective inverting attenuator, the outputs of the attenuators then being combined in a combiner and the combined output being passed through a variable delay line to generate the output of the respective path. The outputs of each path are then combined in a combiner circuit to generate the multipath-faded test signal. All four inverting attenuators are preferably substantially identical to one another so that the two paths have close to identical temperature-drift and other characteristics. The attenuators and delay lines are electronically controlled in tandem, preferably using a microprocessor and stored program, to generate precision, static or dynamic, attenuation notches desired.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / AU94 / 00287 Sec。 371 1995年12月5日第 102(e)日期1995年12月5日PCT 1994年5月30日PCT公布。 出版物WO94 / 29975 日期1994年12月22日一种用于产生多径衰落测试信号的衰落模拟器,其具有来自已知带宽的调制输入信号的精确可控频率位置和衰减深度的衰减陷波。 输入信号被馈送到分配器,其将两个同相分量引导到第一路径和第二路径。 每个路径的输入被分离器分成具有正交相位关系的同相和正交子信号,每个子信号被馈送到相应的反相衰减器,然后将衰减器的输出组合在组合器中,并且 组合输出通过可变延迟线以产生相应路径的输出。 然后将每个路径的输出组合在组合器电路中以产生多径衰落的测试信号。 所有四个反相衰减器优选地基本上彼此相同,使得两个路径具有接近相同的温度漂移和其它特性。 衰减器和延迟线串联电子控制,优选使用微处理器和存储的程序,以产生所需的精确度,静态或动态衰减陷波。

    Evaluation of signal-processor performance
    17.
    发明授权
    Evaluation of signal-processor performance 失效
    信号处理器性能评估

    公开(公告)号:US5841667A

    公开(公告)日:1998-11-24

    申请号:US696833

    申请日:1996-08-26

    摘要: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for evaluating the performance of a signal-processing device during a test period when an input signal is applied to the signal-processing device and an output signal is generated by it. A select profile of the input (or output) signal quality is derived at intervals in which the output (or input) signal lies within some predetermined range. The derived profile may be normalized with respect to the quality of the input (or output) signal throughout the test period. The profile is indicative of device performance of the device being tested. The method may be implemented in either hardware or software.

    摘要翻译: PCT No.PCT / AU95 / 00093 Sec。 371日期:1996年8月26日 102(e)日期1996年8月26日PCT提交1995年2月24日PCT公布。 WO95 / 23462 PCT出版物 日期1995年8月31日本发明提供了一种用于在输入信号被施加到信号处理装置并且由其生成输出信号的测试期间评估信号处理装置的性能的方法和装置。 输入(或输出)信号质量的选择曲线以输出(或输入)信号位于某个预定范围内的间隔得到。 在整个测试期间,导出的分布可以相对于输入(或输出)信号的质量进行归一化。 该配置文件指示被测设备的设备性能。 该方法可以在硬件或软件中实现。