Abstract:
Host system data files are written directly to a large erase block flash memory system with a unique identification of each file and offsets of data within the file but without the use of any intermediate logical addresses or a virtual address space for the memory. Directory information of where the files are stored in the memory is maintained within the memory system by its controller, rather than by the host.
Abstract:
Host system data files are written directly to a large erase block flash memory system with a unique identification of each file and offsets of data within the file but without the use of any intermediate logical addresses or a virtual address space for the memory. Directory information of where the files are stored in the memory is maintained within the memory system by its controller, rather than by the host. A type of memory block is selected to receive additional data of a file that depends upon the types of blocks into which data of the file have already been written. Blocks containing data are selected for reclaiming any unused capacity therefrom by a process that selects blocks in order starting with those containing the least amount of valid data.
Abstract:
A treatment for enhancing the recovery of exopolysaccharide from bacterial cells is disclosed, which treatment includes adding to a cultivation medium containing said cells an amount, effective for the purpose of an alkylsulfosuccinate surfactant.
Abstract:
A treatment for enhancing the recovery of exopolysaccharide from bacterial cells is disclosed, which treatment includes adding to a cultivation medium containing said cells an amount, effective for the purpose of an alkylsulfosuccinate surfactant.
Abstract:
A treatment for enhancing the activity of biocidal compounds to control the growth of microbes in an aqueous system is disclosed, which comprises adding to said compounds an effective amount of an alkylsulfosuccinate surfactant.
Abstract:
A multi-layer memory and method for operation is disclosed. The memory includes multiple layers, where each layer includes flash memory cells having a greater bit per cell capacity than then prior layer and each layer may include a plurality of partitions having blocks exclusively associated with a particular data type. The method may include the steps of directing host data directly into a particular partition of a particular layer of the multi-layer memory upon receipt depending on a type of the data. The method may also include copying data within the same partition in a respective layer in a data relocation operation to generate more free blocks of memory so that data preferably stays within each layer and in the same partition, as well as transferring data from one layer to the next higher bit per cell layer within a same partition when layer transfer criteria are met.
Abstract:
A multi-layer memory and method for operation is disclosed. The memory includes an interface, at least one flash memory die having a plurality of layers and a controller. The controller is configured to select an appropriate one of a predetermined number of program cycles for programming a fixed amount of host data, and for carrying out maintenance operations in one or more of the layers sufficient to permit a next host data write operation. The controller calculates an interleave ratio of maintenance operations to host data programming operations in each of the layers used in the determined programming cycle so that creation of free space is interspersed with host data writes in a steady manner during execution of the determined programming cycle.
Abstract:
A system and method for managing program cycles in a multi-layer memory is disclosed. The method includes a controller receiving a request to program data from a host and, in advance of programming data associated with the request, determining a program cycle for programming the data associated with the request and an amount of data already programmed in the plurality of memory layers necessary to be programmed in maintenance operations to provide free memory capacity for a subsequent request to program data from the host. The controller programs the data associated with the request, and the amount of data already programmed to be programmed in maintenance operations, in predetermined programming units according to the determined program cycle.
Abstract:
Data files are assigned addresses within one or more logical blocks of a continuous logical address space interface (LBA interface) of a usual type of flash memory system with physical memory cell blocks. This assignment may be done by the host device which typically, but not necessarily, generates the data files. The number of logical blocks containing data of any one file is controlled in a manner that reduces the amount of fragmentation of file data within the physical memory blocks, thereby to maintain good memory performance. The host may configure the logical blocks of the address space in response to learning the physical characteristics of a memory to which it is connected.
Abstract:
A comminuting device for comminuting material. The device has a frame and a shear member having a main blade, the shear member movably coupled to the frame with a shear member slide bearing located at least partially inside the frame. A supporting table is coupled to the frame, the supporting table having a counter blade, the supporting table adapted to support the scrap material. The frame has an opening forming an access way to the shear member slide bearing. The main blade and the counter blade cooperate to chop the scrap material when the shear member is moved from a first position to a second position. The shear member slide bearing is removable from inside the frame through the opening without removal of the shear member from the frame.