公开(公告)号：US4760454A

公开(公告)日：1988-07-26

申请号：US937216

申请日：1986-12-03

申请人： Rainer Gehrmann

发明人： Rainer Gehrmann

IPC分类号： H04N17/00 ,  H01J9/44 ,  H04N5/228

CPC分类号： H04N5/228

摘要： With the signal electrode of a camera tube uniformly illuminated by diffuse light, scanning of the signal electrode by the electron beam is caused to leave unaffected certain lines or parts of lines which are scanned in the next frame. This may be done by blanking the beam out for a field, a line or part of a line in every two frames, or by shifting the lines of one field to superimpose them on those of the other field for a corresponding interval in every two frames. The video signal occurring when a previously unscanned line or line portion is first scanned is measured and compared with the previous measured value, in response to which the setting of the focussing control is shifted towards a smaller beam spot for a renewed measurement. When the signal rises to a higher magnitude, which would approximate twice the video signal of a normal scan, in the ideal case, the setting procedure is complete.

摘要翻译： 随着相机管的信号电极被漫射光均匀地照射，使得由电子束扫描信号电极留下未受影响的某些线或在下一帧中被扫描的部分线。 这可以通过对每两帧中的场，线或线的线消除波束，或者通过将一个场的线移位以将它们叠加在另一个场的那些上，在每两帧中相应的间隔 。 首先扫描先前未扫描的线或线部分时发生的视频信号被测量并与先前的测量值进行比较，响应于此，聚焦控制的设置朝较小的光束点移动以进行更新的测量。 当信号上升到更大的幅度时，其将接近正常扫描的视频信号的两倍，在理想情况下，设置过程完成。

公开(公告)号：US4748508A

公开(公告)日：1988-05-31

申请号：US944331

申请日：1986-12-19

申请人： Rainer Gehrmann

发明人： Rainer Gehrmann

IPC分类号： H04N17/00 ,  H04N5/228 ,  H04N5/21

CPC分类号： H04N5/2283

摘要： Dynamic beam current reserve margin in television camera tubes necessary for the neutralizing of bright spots, which is accumulated on the camera tube signal electrode during a multiplicity of successive picture field periods after which a signal electrode is scanned by the electron beam during several field periods in interlaced line pattern and the video signal level of the third field is measured. In this measurement, the signal level is below a first predetermined threshold value, the dynamic beam current reserve is sufficient and the procedure is terminated. The threshold is reached or exceeded, the dynamic rise of the beam current is gradually magnified and further cycles of charge and scanning are performed, this time with measurement of the video signal during the second field. So long as the measured video signal remains below a second predetermined threshold value, the limiting of the beam current rise is magnified until the video signal in a further measurement cycle exceeds the second threshold value. The first and second threshold values are typically 110% of the normal video level and 50% of the video level of the first field respectively.

摘要翻译： 用于中和亮点的电视摄像机中的动态光束电流保留余量，其在多个连续的图像场周期期间累积在相机管信号电极上，在此之后，在几个场周期期间通过电子束扫描信号电极 测量隔行线图案和第三场视频信号电平。 在该测量中，信号电平低于第一预定阈值，动态波束电流储备充足，并且程序终止。 阈值达到或超过，电子束电流的动态上升逐渐放大，进行充电和扫描的进一步循环，此时在第二场测量视频信号。 只要所测量的视频信号保持低于第二预定阈值，则放大光束电流上升的限制，直到另一测量周期内的视频信号超过第二阈值。 第一和第二阈值通常分别是正常视频电平的110％和第一场的视频电平的50％。

公开(公告)号：US5436671A

公开(公告)日：1995-07-25

申请号：US190430

申请日：1994-02-02

申请人： Rainer Gehrmann

发明人： Rainer Gehrmann

IPC分类号： H04N9/75 ,  G06T11/60 ,  H04N9/76

CPC分类号： H04N9/76

摘要： In a method of separating a foreground picture signal FG from a mixed picture signal MG having a key color KC and transition colors to this key color in key regions, the components of the key color and the transition colors are vectorially subtracted from the mixed picture signal in dependence upon a control signal k which, with a continuous variation, assumes values of between 1 in the region of the key color KC and O at mixed boundaries. Color errors due to a gamma pre-correction are obviated in that the vectorial subtraction is performed in accordance with the equation FG=MG-k*KC(f), in which KC(f) is chosen in dependence upon the color intensity as far as its angle in the C.sub.b /C.sub.r color plane is concerned.

摘要翻译： 在将前景图像信号FG与具有键颜色KC的混合图像信号MG和键区域中的该颜色的过渡颜色分离的方法中，从混合图像信号向量地减去键颜色和过渡颜色的分量 依赖于控制信号k，其具有连续变化，在混合边界处的键颜色KC和O的区域中假定值为1。 消除由于伽马预校正引起的颜色误差，因为根据等式FG = MG-k * KC（f）执行矢量减法，其中KC（f）根据颜色强度被选择为远 作为其在Cb / Cr色平面中的角度。

公开(公告)号：US5382980A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-17

申请号：US197034

申请日：1994-02-16

申请人： Rainer Gehrmann

发明人： Rainer Gehrmann

IPC分类号： H04N9/75 ,  H04N9/74

CPC分类号： H04N9/75

摘要： A method of inserting a background signal (BG) into parts of a foreground signal (FG), which parts are fixed by a predetermined key color (KC), in which method a control signal (k) is derived from the foreground signal (FG), which control signal assumes a first value when the foreground signal (FG) represents a color in the region of the key color (KC) and a second value when the foreground signal (FG) represents a different color, in which the control signal (k) has a transition range between the two values, and in which a difference, influenced by the control signal (k), between the vector of the background signal (BG) and the vector of a signal (KC) representing the key color is vectorially added to the foreground signal (FG) in accordance with Patent (U.S. patent application Ser. No. P 41 43 180.4), as well as an arrangement for performing this method. A further improvement of the picture quality while using a small number of components is achieved in that the background signal (BG), the signal (KC) representing the key color and the foreground signal (FG) each comprise a component representing the blue component (Cb) and the red component (Cr) as well as a luminance component (Y) and, as regards all their components, the signals are combined in the corresponding, afore-mentioned manner.

摘要翻译： 将背景信号（BG）插入到前景信号（FG）的部分中的方法，所述前景信号（FG）的哪些部分由预定的键颜色（KC）固定，其中控制信号（k）从前景信号 ），当前景信号（FG）表示键颜色（KC）的区域中的颜色时，该控制信号呈现第一值，当前景信号（FG）表示不同的颜色时，该控制信号呈现第一值，其中控制信号 （k）具有两个值之间的转变范围，并且其中受背景信号（BG）的矢量和表示键颜色的信号（KC）的矢量之间的受控制信号（k）的影响的差异 根据专利（美国专利申请号P 41 43 180.4）向前景信号（FG）中矢量地添加，以及用于执行该方法的装置。 实现了使用少量组件时图像质量的进一步改善，因为背景信号（BG），表示按键颜色的信号（KC）和前景信号（FG）各自包括表示蓝色分量的分量 Cb）和红色分量（Cr）以及亮度分量（Y），并且关于它们的所有分量，信号以相应的上述方式组合。

公开(公告)号：US4739408A

公开(公告)日：1988-04-19

申请号：US937878

申请日：1986-12-04

申请人： Rainer Gehrmann

发明人： Rainer Gehrmann

IPC分类号： H01J9/44 ,  H04N5/228

CPC分类号： H04N5/228

摘要： The signal electrode of a television camera tube by first scanning in an odd-numbered picture field is focussed in horizontal scanning pattern and then superimposing thereon in an even-numbered picture field the scanning pattern offset out of interlace and rotated slightly while at the same time the focussing current for the focussing coil of the electron beam is slightly altered for the even-numbered picture field. Charge patterns with charge maxima are thereby produced in the unscanned zones. The actual alignment is determined by the focus pivot point F that lies in a strip of maximum charge values running obliquely across the scanning pattern. Increasing the focussing current produces, simultaneously, rotation to the left and enlargement of the scanning pattern, resulting in a maximum charge value strip running from upper left to lower right (patterns a, c and e). The reduction of the focussing current, on the other hand, produces rotation to the right and reduction of the scanning pattern size, which last is overcompensated by a supplemental vertical deflection magnitude correction to produce the same size pattern as the pattern rotated to the left when the focussing current was stronger. In this last case, the maximum charge strip runs from upper right to lower left and, as in the previous case, passes through the focus pivot point F. From the location of the point F an alignment correction value is produced and stored and used to correct the current in the alignment coils and the procedure is repeated until the desired alignment (pattens e and f) is obtained.

摘要翻译： 电视摄像机管的信号电极通过在奇数编号的图像场中进行第一扫描而被聚焦在水平扫描图案中，然后叠加在偶数图像场中，扫描图案偏离隔行扫描并同时略微旋转 电子束的聚焦线圈的聚焦电流对偶数图像场稍微改变。 因此，在未扫描区域中产生带电荷最大值的电荷模式。 实际对准由位于沿扫描图案倾斜运行的最大电荷值的条带中的焦点枢转点F确定。 增加聚焦电流同时产生向左旋转和放大扫描图案，导致最大电荷值条从左上到右下（图案a，c和e）。 另一方面，聚焦电流的减小产生向右的旋转和扫描图案尺寸的减小，其最后被补充的垂直偏转幅度校正过度补偿，以产生与向左旋转的图案相同的尺寸图案 聚焦电流更强。 在最后一种情况下，最大充电带从右上方延伸到左下方，并且与先前情况相同，通过聚焦枢轴点F.从点F的位置产生并存储对准校正值并将其用于 校正对准线圈中的电流，并重复该过程，直到获得所需的对准（图案e和f）。