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公开(公告)号：US11421169B2
公开(公告)日：2022-08-23
申请号：US16684875
申请日：2019-11-15
申请人： TerraPower, LLC
摘要： This document describes methods for pretreating coal to create either a dried coal or a char product that is stable in the outdoor environment and is more efficient as a feedstock for gasification or other processes than the original coal. Embodiments of the methods include pulverizing and pelletizing the coal, and pretreating the coal pellets to obtain a stable pellet of either dried coal or a stable pellet of chared coal (coal char). The pellets created by the described methods have undergone deoxygenation and carbonization improving their handling and storage properties and, in some cases, energy density. Pore structures within the pellets are stabilized physically and chemically so that the uptake of moisture into dry coal, that leads to internal heat generation, is greatly reduced. Chars are also, therefore, stable against transitions from a dry state to a wet state and less prone to self-ignition.
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公开(公告)号：US11342084B2
公开(公告)日：2022-05-24
申请号：US16670221
申请日：2019-10-31
申请人： TerraPower, LLC
摘要： A nuclear reactor includes a passive reactivity control nuclear fuel device located in a nuclear reactor core. The passive reactivity control nuclear fuel device includes a multiple-walled fuel chamber having an outer wall chamber and an inner wall chamber contained within the outer wall chamber. The inner wall chamber is positioned within the outer wall chamber to hold nuclear fuel in a molten fuel state within a high neutron importance region. The inner wall chamber allows at least a portion of the nuclear fuel to move in a molten fuel state to a lower neutron importance region while the molten nuclear fuel remains within the inner wall chamber as the temperature of the nuclear fuel satisfies a negative reactivity feedback expansion temperature condition. A duct contains the multiple-walled fuel chamber and flows a heat conducting fluid through the duct and in thermal communication with the outer wall chamber.
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公开(公告)号：US11257600B2
公开(公告)日：2022-02-22
申请号：US16858060
申请日：2020-04-24
申请人： TerraPower, LLC
IPC分类号： G21C19/303 , G21F9/02 , G21C19/31 , B01D53/00 , B01D3/14
摘要： Sodium-cesium trap systems and methods for the simultaneous removal of both sodium (Na) and cesium (Cs) in gas are provided. The trap system includes a contacting vessel having an inlet and an outlet with carrier gas channeled therethrough. A heating system maintains a temperature gradient across the contacting vessel between a first temperature at the inlet and a second temperature at the outlet such that sodium and cesium contained within the carrier gas are condensed into liquid and the carrier gas exiting the vessel is substantially free of sodium and cesium.
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14.发明授权公开(公告)号：US11205523B2
公开(公告)日：2021-12-21
申请号：US16741307
申请日：2020-01-13
申请人： TerraPower, LLC
发明人： Roderick A Hyde , Muriel Y Ishikawa , Clarence T Tegreene , Joshua C Walter , Lowell L Wood, Jr. , Victoria Y. H. Wood
IPC分类号： F28D20/00 , G21D3/00 , F01K3/00 , F01K3/18 , F01K13/02 , F02C1/05 , G21D9/00 , F28D19/00 , F28D17/00
摘要： A method, system, and apparatus for the thermal storage of nuclear reactor generated energy including diverting a selected portion of energy from a portion of a nuclear reactor system to an auxiliary thermal reservoir and, responsive to a shutdown event, supplying a portion of the diverted selected portion of energy to an energy conversion system of the nuclear reactor system.
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公开(公告)号：US10787610B2
公开(公告)日：2020-09-29
申请号：US15949950
申请日：2018-04-10
申请人： TerraPower, LLC
IPC分类号： C10G1/02 , C10B21/08 , D01F9/32 , D01F9/15 , C10G1/00 , C10B57/08 , C10B57/02 , C10B57/14 , C10B33/02
摘要： Examples of a flexible pyrolysis system are provided that include at least one reaction chamber capable of pyrolyzing a combination of coal in a supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) atmosphere. The system includes a recuperating and condensing circuit that removes dissolved pyrolysis products from the supercritical CO2 atmosphere and then recovers CO2 for reuse in the reaction chamber. The recuperating and condensing circuit includes multiple stages of recuperators and collectors that can be independently controlled in order to selectively fractionate the pyrolysis products. In addition, the pyrolysis reaction may be controlled to alter the pyrolysis products generated.
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16.发明授权公开(公告)号：US10787609B2
公开(公告)日：2020-09-29
申请号：US16193761
申请日：2018-11-16
摘要： The thermochemical conversion of biomass material to one or more reaction products includes generating thermal energy with at least one heat source, providing a volume of feedstock, providing a volume of supercritical fluid, transferring a portion of the generated thermal energy to the volume of supercritical fluid, transferring at least a portion of the generated thermal energy from the volume of supercritical fluid to the volume of feedstock, and performing a thermal decomposition process on the volume of feedstock with the thermal energy transferred from the volume of supercritical fluid to the volume of the feedstock in order to form at least one reaction product.
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公开(公告)号：US10760004B2
公开(公告)日：2020-09-01
申请号：US15935654
申请日：2018-03-26
IPC分类号： C10B57/08 , C07C51/00 , C01B3/48 , C10B53/04 , C10G1/02 , C10B57/18 , C10B57/06 , C10K3/00 , C07C51/15 , C10K3/04
摘要： This disclosure describes systems and methods for using pyrolysis tail gas as the source for additional hydrogen to be used in the pyrolysis reaction. Tail gas is separated from the pyrolysis products and a portion of the tail gas is converted into formic acid (HCOOH). The formic acid is then injected into the pyrolysis reactor where it becomes the donor of two monohydrogen atoms and is ultimately converted into CO2 under reaction conditions. In this fashion, a closed loop pyrolysis hydrogen donor system may be created utilizing a generally non-toxic intermediary derived from the pyrolysis reaction products. This disclosure also describes using a ruthenium catalyst supported on particles of activated carbon to improve the yield of pyrolysis reactions.
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公开(公告)号：US10304572B2
公开(公告)日：2019-05-28
申请号：US14955118
申请日：2015-12-01
申请人： TerraPower, LLC
发明人： Charles E. Ahlfeld , John R. Gilleland , Roderick A. Hyde , Muriel Y. Ishikawa , David G. McAlees , Nathan P. Myhrvold , Charles Whitmer , Lowell L. Wood, Jr.
摘要： Illustrative embodiments provide nuclear fission igniters for nuclear fission reactors and methods for their operation. Illustrative embodiments and aspects include, without limitation, a nuclear fission igniter configured to ignite a nuclear fission deflagration wave in nuclear fission fuel material, a nuclear fission deflagration wave reactor with a nuclear fission igniter, a method of igniting a nuclear fission deflagration wave, and the like.
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公开(公告)号：US20190139665A1
公开(公告)日：2019-05-09
申请号：US16174364
申请日：2018-10-30
申请人： TerraPower, LLC
发明人： Ken Czerwinski , Joshua C. Walter
摘要： Targetry coupled separation refers to enhancing the production of a predetermined radiation product through the selection of a target (including selection of the target material and the material's physical structure) and separation chemistry in order to optimize the recovery of the predetermined radiation product. This disclosure describes systems and methods for creating (through irradiation) and removing one or more desired radioisotopes from a target and further describes systems and methods that allow the same target to undergo multiple irradiations and separation operations without damage to the target. In contrast with the prior art that requires complete dissolution or destruction of a target before recovery of any irradiation products, the repeated reuse of the same physical target allowed by targetry coupled separation represents a significant increase in efficiency and decrease in cost over the prior art.
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公开(公告)号：US10163534B2
公开(公告)日：2018-12-25
申请号：US14605831
申请日：2015-01-26
申请人： TerraPower, LLC
发明人： Micah Hackett , Ryan Latta , Samuel J. Miller , Gary Povirk , Mark R. Werner , Cheng Xu
摘要： A computerized system for modeling reactor fuel element and fuel design to determine the thermo-mechanical performance thereof includes a processor coupled to memory, the memory configuring the processor to execute a fuel element analysis and an output configured to communicate data that describes the thermo-mechanical performance of the fuel element and fuel design based on the fuel element performance analysis. The processor is configured to estimate the mechanical behavior of a fuel by creating separate variables for the open and closed porosity components, conducting a routine for the open and closed porosity components that processes the current state of the fuel and updates the current state and forces of each of the open and closed porosity components, and combining the updates for the current state and forces according to a weighting; and estimate the creep and swelling behavior of a cladding.
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