Abstract:
A paliperidone double-layered osmotic pump controlled release tablet and the preparation method thereof are disclosed. The double-layered osmotic pump controlled release tablet comprises a rigid membrane, a push layer, a drug layer, an isolation layer and an aesthetic coating, wherein the rigid membrane contains a semi-permeable polymer, a porogen and/or a plasticizer and has one or more drug release orifices on one end, the push layer comprises an expanding material, an osmotic agent, a binder, a colorant and a lubricant, the drug layer contains a pharmaceutically active ingredient, a hydrophilic polymer, an osmotic agent, a colorant, a lubricant and an antistatic agent, the isolation layer is located between the inner surface of the rigid membrane and the push layer, and contains a hydrophilic polymer. The paliperidone double-layered osmotic pump controlled release tablet shows an increasing drug release rate at early stage and keeps a constant drug release rate at later stage.
Abstract:
A control system for a hybrid vehicle controls the various operating modes of the hybrid vehicle. Operating modes of the hybrid vehicle include an electric-only power mode, a series hybrid mode, a series hybrid dual-power mode, and a parallel hybrid tri-power mode. The control system selects one of the operating modes for the hybrid vehicle based on one or more inputs and comparisons. Examples of inputs for the control system include a gear-mode, a present battery storage capacity, a present velocity of the hybrid vehicle, and the previous operating mode of the hybrid power system. The control system may also take into account whether a user has selected the electric-only power mode. The control system may also control the operations of one or more components of the hybrid vehicle while operating in one of the operating modes.