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11.发明授权Method and apparatus for producing a more accurate resistivity log from data recorded by an induction sonde in a borehole 失效用于从钻孔中的感应探头记录的数据产生更准确的电阻率对数的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5210691A
公开(公告)日：1993-05-11
申请号：US698378
申请日：1991-05-09
申请人： Robert Freedman , Gerald N. Minerbo
发明人： Robert Freedman , Gerald N. Minerbo
摘要： A maximum entropy method (MEM) determines a more accurate formation parameter profile, such as conductivity profile, of a formation. The MEM method employs an iterative procedure for determining the formation parameter profile. At each interation, theoretical logs are computed and compared with the measured log data. One iterative step is the calculation of a forward model to predict the response of the tool in a given assumed formation. Another iterative step is the solution of a set of linear equations to update the assumed formation parameter in the formation to produce closer agreement to the measured data. In a solution iterative step, the input is the measured values of the voltages denoted by V.sub.k.sup.j and the calculated values V.sub.k.sup.j, the output is an improved formation parameter profile .sigma..sub.l.sup.(n+1). In the solution step, a set of linear equations is solved for intermediate quantities q.sub.l.sup.(n), related to .sigma..sub.l.sup.(n) by the formula.sigma..sub.l.sup.(n) =.pi.exp(q.sub.l.sup.(n)),where .pi. is a constant. Upon completion of the solution step, the updated formation parameter profile .sigma..sub.l.sup.(n+1) is stored and the following inequality is tested to determine if it be true or not true:.vertline..sigma..sub.l.sup.(n+1) -.sigma..sub.l.sup.(n) .vertline./.sigma..sub.l.sup.(n)
摘要翻译： 最大熵法（MEM）确定地层的更准确的地层参数轮廓，例如导电率剖面。 MEM方法采用迭代过程来确定地层参数剖面。 在每个交互中，计算理论日志并与测量的日志数据进行比较。 一个迭代步骤是计算一个前向模型，以预测在给定假设地层中该工具的响应。 另一个迭代步骤是一组线性方程的解，以更新地层中的假定地层参数，以产生与测量数据更接近的一致性。 在解迭代步骤中，输入是由Vkj表示的电压的测量值和计算值Vkj，输出是改进的地层参数剖面σ1（n + 1）。 在解决步骤中，通过公式sigma l（n）= pi exp（ql（n）），求解与Σ1（n）相关的中间量ql（n）的一组线性方程，其中pi是常数 。 在完成解决步骤之后，存储更新后的形成参数曲线sigma l（n + 1），并测试以下不等式，以确定是否为真：| sigma l（n + 1） - sigma l（n ）| / sigma l（n）<<ε，其中ε是非常小的值。 如果上述不等式为真，则MEM软件终止其处理，而如果不等式不为真，则n增加1，并执行迭代过程的另一遍。 该过程重复重复，直到上述不等式为真。 选择地层的地层参数剖面是满足上述不等式的更新地层参数剖面σ1（n + 1）。
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公开(公告)号：US08571797B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-29
申请号：US12597977
申请日：2008-05-08
申请人： Peter T. Wu , Hanming Wang , Gerald N. Minerbo
发明人： Peter T. Wu , Hanming Wang , Gerald N. Minerbo
IPC分类号： G01V3/38
摘要： A method to determine one or more borehole corrected formation properties using measurements made using a logging tool disposed in a borehole penetrating an earth formation is disclosed. The measurements are used to determine an apparent conductivity tensor for the formation and, for a set of parameters, a parameter value for each parameter in a subset of the set of parameters. A parameter value for each parameter in the set of parameters not in the subset is provided and a borehole-inclusive modeled conductivity tensor is computed. The apparent conductivity tensor and the borehole-inclusive modeled conductivity tensor are iteratively used to optimize the parameter values, and the optimized parameter values are used to compute an optimized conductivity tensor. A borehole corrected conductivity tensor is computed using the optimized conductivity tensor, and the borehole corrected formation properties are determined using the borehole corrected conductivity tensor and/or the optimized parameter values.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种使用设置在穿透地层的钻孔中的测井工具进行的测量来确定一个或多个钻孔校正地层特性的方法。 测量用于确定形成的表观电导率张量，并且对于一组参数，确定该组参数的子集中的每个参数的参数值。 提供不在子集中的参数集中的每个参数的参数值，并计算包含井眼的建模的电导率张量。 迭代地使用表观电导率张量和含钻孔的建模的电导率张量来优化参数值，并且使用优化的参数值来计算优化的电导率张量。 使用优化的电导率张量计算钻孔校正的电导率张量，并且使用钻孔校正的电导率张量和/或优化的参数值来确定钻孔校正的形成性质。
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公开(公告)号：US08368403B2
公开(公告)日：2013-02-05
申请号：US12434888
申请日：2009-05-04
IPC分类号： G01V3/00
CPC分类号： G01R1/18 , E21B47/102 , G01V3/20 , G01V3/28
摘要： The present invention relates to a downhole logging tool having on its tool body a set of co-located antennas, one or more additional antennas spaced longitudinally apart from the set of co-located antennas, an electromagnetically transparent shield circumferentially surrounding the set of co-located antennas, and an electromagnetically transparent shield circumferentially surrounding each of the one or more additional antennas. The downhole logging tool may be a wireline or while-drilling tool, and it may be an induction or propagation tool. The shields may have slots that are locally perpendicular to the windings of underlying coil antennas.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种井下测井工具，其在其工具主体上具有一组共同定位的天线，一个或多个与所述一组同位置天线纵向间隔开的附加天线，围绕所述一组共同定位天线的电磁透明屏蔽， 以及围绕所述一个或多个附加天线中的每一个的周向环绕的电磁透明屏蔽。 井下测井工具可以是有线或同时钻孔的工具，并且其可以是感应或传播工具。 屏蔽件可以具有局部垂直于下面的线圈天线的绕组的槽。
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公开(公告)号：US20100198569A1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-05
申请号：US12597977
申请日：2008-05-08
申请人： Peter T. Wu , Hanming Wang , Gerald N. Minerbo
发明人： Peter T. Wu , Hanming Wang , Gerald N. Minerbo
IPC分类号： G06G7/48
摘要： A method to determine one or more borehole corrected formation properties using measurements made using a logging tool disposed in a borehole penetrating an earth formation is disclosed. The measurements are used to determine an apparent conductivity tensor for the formation and, for a set of parameters, a parameter value for each parameter in a subset of the set of parameters. A parameter value for each parameter in the set of parameters not in the subset is provided and a borehole-inclusive modeled conductivity tensor is computed. The apparent conductivity tensor and the borehole-inclusive modeled conductivity tensor are iteratively used to optimize the parameter values, and the optimized parameter values are used to compute an optimized conductivity tensor. A borehole corrected conductivity tensor is computed using the optimized conductivity tensor, and the borehole corrected formation properties are determined using the borehole corrected conductivity tensor and/or the optimized parameter values.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种使用设置在穿透地层的钻孔中的测井工具进行的测量来确定一个或多个钻孔校正地层特性的方法。 测量用于确定形成的表观电导率张量，并且对于一组参数，确定该组参数的子集中的每个参数的参数值。 提供不在子集中的参数集中的每个参数的参数值，并计算包含井眼的建模的电导率张量。 迭代地使用表观电导率张量和含钻孔的建模的电导率张量来优化参数值，并且使用优化的参数值来计算优化的电导率张量。 使用优化的电导率张量计算钻孔校正的电导率张量，并且使用钻孔校正的电导率张量和/或优化的参数值来确定钻孔校正的形成性质。
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15.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4546315A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-08
申请号：US449015
申请日：1982-12-13
申请人： Gerald N. Minerbo , Gary A. Hazen
发明人： Gerald N. Minerbo , Gary A. Hazen
CPC分类号： G01B7/10 , E21B47/082
摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed for electrically measuring the inside diameter of a metallic pipe, such as oil or gas well casing. The transimpedance of two coaxial coils within the pipe is determined and then resolved into its inphase and quadrature components. The difference of the magnitudes of the two components is equal to an expansion equation which is a function of the inside diameter of the pipe and a factor proportional to the ratio of the permeability to the conductivity of the pipe. The inphase component of the impedance is equal to a second expansion equation which is a function of the inside diameter of the pipe and the factor proportional to the ratio of the permeability to the conductivity of the pipe. The two equations are solved simultaneously to generate signals for the pipe's inside diameter and the ratio of permeability to conductivity.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于电测量诸如油或气井套管的金属管的内径的方法和装置。 确定管内两根同轴线圈的跨阻，然后分解成其同相和正交分量。 两个部件的大小的差异等于膨胀方程，该膨胀方程是管的内径的函数，并且是与导管与导电率的比率成比例的因子。 阻抗的同相分量等于第二膨胀方程，其是管的内径和与导管的导电率之比成比例的因子的函数。 同时求解这两个方程，以产生管道内径和渗透率与导电率之比的信号。
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16.发明授权公开(公告)号：US08289024B2
公开(公告)日：2012-10-16
申请号：US12897203
申请日：2010-10-04
CPC分类号： G01V3/26 , E21B47/02216
摘要： A wellbore tool for locating a target wellbore containing a conductive member from a second wellbore and directing the trajectory of the second wellbore relative to the target wellbore includes an electric current driver having an insulated gap; a three-axis magnetometer positioned within a non-magnetic housing that is disposed within a non-magnetic tubular, the three-axis magnetometer positioned below the electric current driver; a drill bit positioned below the three-axis magnetometer; a hollow tubular connected between the electric current driver and the three-axis magnetometer; and a measurement-while-drilling tool. The current driver generates an electric current across the gap to the portion of the tool below the insulated gap. In a method a current is generated across the insulated gap to the portion of the tool below the insulated gap to the conductive material in the target wellbore returning to a portion of the bottom hole assembly above the insulated gap thereby producing a target magnetic field. Measuring the target magnetic field at the bottom hole assembly and the earth's magnetic field; and determining the position of the second wellbore relative to the target wellbore. Then steering the bottom hole assembly to drill the second wellbore along a trajectory relative to the target wellbore.
摘要翻译： 用于从第二井筒定位包含导电构件并且相对于目标井筒引导第二井眼的轨迹的井眼工具包括具有绝缘间隙的电流驱动器; 位于非磁性壳体内的三轴磁力计，其设置在非磁性管内，位于电流驱动器下方的三轴磁力计; 位于三轴磁力计下方的钻头; 连接在电流驱动器和三轴磁力计之间的中空管; 和钻孔测量工具。 电流驱动器通过间隙产生电流到绝缘间隙下方的工具部分。 在一种方法中，跨绝缘间隙产生的电流跨越到绝缘间隙下方的工具部分到目标井眼中的导电材料，返回到绝缘间隙之上的一部分底孔组件，从而产生目标磁场。 测量井底组件和地球磁场的目标磁场; 以及确定第二井眼相对于目标井筒的位置。 然后转向底孔组件以沿相对于目标井筒的轨迹钻第二井眼。
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公开(公告)号：US07733093B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-08
申请号：US11964157
申请日：2007-12-26
申请人： Dean M. Homan , Joshua W. Gibson , Jonatan Jalfin , Hanming Wang , Christophe Dupuis , Gerald N. Minerbo
发明人： Dean M. Homan , Joshua W. Gibson , Jonatan Jalfin , Hanming Wang , Christophe Dupuis , Gerald N. Minerbo
IPC分类号： G01V3/18
CPC分类号： G01V3/28 , Y10T29/4902
摘要： An induction or propagation apparatus for performing measuring the tensor resistivity of a sample of matter includes a non-conductive, generally cylindrical tubular member adapted to receive the matter therein, a triaxial transmitter, at least one triaxial receiver, and an electronic module. The electronic module is adapted to energize the triaxial transmitter, control acquisition of signals by the at least one triaxial receiver, and perform anisotropic measurements and analysis. The triaxial transmitter and the at least one triaxial receiver are disposed on the generally cylindrical tubular member in axial spaced relationship.
摘要翻译： 用于测量物质样品的张量电阻率的感应或传播装置包括适于在其中接收物质的非导电的，大致圆柱形的管状构件，三轴发射器，至少一个三轴接收器和电子模块。 电子模块适于对三轴发射器通电，控制由至少一个三轴接收器获取信号，并执行各向异性测量和分析。 三轴发射器和至少一个三轴接收器以轴向间隔的关系设置在大致圆柱形的管状构件上。
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18.发明授权Method for determining an effective formation conductivity for induction log borehole correction 有权用于确定感应对数钻孔校正的有效地层电导率的方法公开(公告)号：US07457707B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-25
申请号：US11606631
申请日：2006-11-30
IPC分类号： G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G01V3/28
摘要： A method for correcting induction conductivity well log measurements for conductivity of a wellbore and a formation proximate the wellbore includes estimating an effective formation conductivity for the formation proximate the wellbore from measurements made by an induction receiver proximate an induction transmitter. The effective formation conductivity is used to correct apparent conductivity measurements made by at least one induction receiver on the instrument.
摘要翻译： 用于校正井筒和靠近井眼的地层的导电性的感应电导率测井的方法包括通过靠近感应发射器的感应接收器进行的测量来估计靠近井筒的地层的有效地层电导率。 有效地层导电率用于校正由仪器上的至少一个感应接收器进行的表观电导率测量。
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公开(公告)号：US07386430B2
公开(公告)日：2008-06-10
申请号：US10708719
申请日：2004-03-19
CPC分类号： G01V3/38
摘要： A method for modeling borehole effects of a transverse array induction tool includes selecting a formation-borehole model having a set of parameters, wherein the set of parameters comprises a direction of tool eccentering; determining initial values for the set of parameters; computing expected responses for a selected set of arrays from the plurality of arrays of the induction tool, wherein the computing is based on the formation-borehole model; comparing the expected responses with actual responses for the selected set of arrays; adjusting values of the set of parameters, if a difference between the expected responses and the actual responses is no less than a predetermined criterion; repeating the computing, the comparing, and the adjusting, until the difference between the expected responses and the actual responses is less than the predetermined criterion; determining the borehole effects from final values of the set of parameters.
摘要翻译： 一种用于建模横向阵列感应工具的井眼效应的方法包括选择具有一组参数的地层井眼模型，其中该组参数包括工具偏心的方向; 确定该组参数的初始值; 计算来自所述感应工具的所述多个阵列的所选阵列的预期响应，其中所述计算基于所述地层钻孔模型; 将预期响应与所选阵列的实际响应进行比较; 如果预期响应和实际响应之间的差异不小于预定标准，则调整参数集合的值; 重复计算，比较和调整，直到预期响应和实际响应之间的差小于预定标准; 从参数集合的最终值确定钻孔效应。
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公开(公告)号：US5041975A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-20
申请号：US638141
申请日：1991-01-08
申请人： Gerald N. Minerbo , John W. Miles
发明人： Gerald N. Minerbo , John W. Miles
IPC分类号： G01V3/38
CPC分类号： G01V3/38
摘要： A new borehole correction software, for use in a well logging truck computer, obtains an accurate measurement of the true conductivity of a formation in a borehole by subtracting a correction term, which is a function of the mud conductivity, the borehole radius, the standoff distance, and an estimated value of the formation conductivity, from certain raw data received by a receiver thereby producing a set of eighteen complex output voltages which represent signals that would have been recorded from the receiver had there been no borehole.
摘要翻译： 用于测井卡车计算机的新的钻孔校正软件通过减去校正项来获得钻孔中地层的真实导电率的精确测量，该校正项是泥浆导电性，井眼半径，间隙的函数 距离和地层电导率的估计值，由接收机接收的某些原始数据产生一组十八个复合输出电压，这些电压代表从接收机已经记录的信号，如果没有钻孔。
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