摘要:
In a process for the continuous preparation of methyl formate by reaction of carbon monoxide and methanol under elevated pressure and elevated temperature in the presence of an alkali metal methoxide, the reaction is carried out at a pressure of from 210 to 250 bar in the presence of from 0.05 to 0.2% by weight of alkali metal methoxide, based on methanol used.
摘要:
Polymers and oligomers of olefinically unsaturated C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -hydrocarbons having one or two 2-oxazolinyl end groups have the structure (I) ##STR1## where A is a polymer or oligomer radical derived from the olefinically unsaturated C.sub.2 -C.sub.20 -hydrocarbons and the radicals R can be identical or different and have the following meanings: hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.10 -aryl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 -cycloalkyl.
摘要:
The catalyst systems comprise as active constituentsa) a metal complex of the formula (I) ##STR1## b) one or more Lewis or protic acids or a mixture of Lewis and protic acids.
摘要:
Polymers are obtained by polymerising olefinically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a metal complex having the general formula (I), in which the substituents and indexes have the following meanings: M is a metal of group VIIIB of the periodic table of elements; E.sup.1, E.sup.2 stand for an element of group VA of the periodic table of elements; Z is a bridging structural unit made of one, two or three substructural units of elements of groups IVA, VA, VIA of the periodic table of elements; R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 stand for substituents selected in the group that consists of C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 organic carbon residues and C.sub.3 -C.sub.30 organic silicium residues which may contain one or several elements of groups IVA, VA, VIA and VIIA of the periodic table of elements; L.sup.1, L.sup.2 stand for formally charged or neutral ligands; X stands for monovalent or polyvalent anions; p equals 0, 1 or 2; m, n equal 0, 1 or 2, whereas p=m.times.n. ##STR1##
摘要:
Alcohols and/or aldehydes are prepared from olefins by cross-metathesis of olefins with alcohols having at least one double bond in the molecule and in which at least one hydroxyl is in the allyl position relative to a C.dbd.C double bond over catalysts of the formula (I)XX.sup.1 LL.sup.1 Ru [sic].dbd.CR.sup.1 R.sup.2 (I)with optional subsequent hydrogenation and/or isomerization, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 being hydrogen or C-organic radicals with or without a heteroatom, X [sic] and X.sup.1 [sic] being, independently, anionic ligands, and L [sic] and L.sup.1 [sic] being, independently, neutral electron donor ligands.
摘要:
A process for preparing tetrahydrofuran, which comprises reacting 1,4-butenediol diethers of the formulae I and/or IIRO--CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --OR IRO--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 .dbd.CH--CH.sub.2 --OR II,where the R radicals can be identical or different and are C.sub.1 -C.sub.15 -alkyl or cycloalkyl radicals, C.sub.6 -C.sub.12 -aryl radicals or C.sub.7 -C.sub.15 -aralkyl radicals, with water and hydrogen at from 20 to 300.degree. C. under from 1 to 300 bar in the presence of catalysts or catalyst combinations which comprise components which are both capable of hydrogenation and have acidic or basic centers and a novel process for preparing 1,4-butanediol diethers of the formula I by metathesis are described.The invention furthermore relates to the separate preparation of 1,4-butanediol monoethers of the formula IIIHO--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --OR III,where R has the meanings indicated for formulae I and II, for which purpose 1,4-butanediol diethers of the formulae I and/or II are reacted as claimed in claim 1 with water and hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst at from 20 to 300.degree. C. under from 1 to 300 bar.
摘要:
Polymers are obtainable by polymerizing olefinically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a catalyst system which comprises as active constituentsa) a salt of a metal of group VIII B of the Periodic Table of the Elements,b) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of protic acids and Lewis acids,c) a chelating compound of the formula (I)R.sup.1 R.sup.2 E.sup.1 --Z--E.sup.2 R.sup.3 R.sup.4 (I)where the substituents and indices have the following meanings:E.sup.1, E.sup.2 are each an element from group VA of the Periodic Table of the Elements,Z is a bridging structural unit comprising one, two or three substructural units of elements of groups IVA, VA and VIA of the Periodic Table of the Elements,R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 are substituents selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -organic and C.sub.3 -C.sub.30 -organosilicon radicals, where the radicals may contain one or more elements of groups IVA, VA, VIA and VIIA of the Periodic Table of the Elements.
摘要:
1,6-Hexanediol is prepared bya) Reacting epoxybutadiene in the presence of a metathesis catalyst with elimination of ethene to give bisepoxyhexatrienes of the formulae Ia and Ib ##STR1## and b) hydrogenating these bisepoxyhexatrienes with hydrogen to give 1,6-hexanediol.
摘要:
Copolymers of carbon monoxide and olefinically unsaturated compounds are obtainable by polymerization of the monomers in the presence of a metal complex of the formula (I) ##STR1## where the substituents and indices have the following meanings: M is a metal from group VIIIB of the Periodic Table of the Elements,E.sup.1, E.sup.2 are each an element from group VA of the Periodic Table of the Elements,Z is a structural unit having a bridging atom selected from among the elements of groups IVA, VA and VIA of the Periodic Table of the Elements,R.sup.1 to R.sup.4 are substituents selected from the group consisting of C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -organic and C.sub.3 -C.sub.30 -organosilicon radicals, where at least one of the four radicals is a nonaromatic radical,L.sup.1, L.sup.2 are formally charged or uncharged ligandsX are formally monovalent or polyvalent anionsp is 0, 1 or 2m, n are 0, 1 or 2where p=m.times.n.
摘要:
A process for selectively preparing a carboxylic acid by reacting an olefin with carbon monoxide in the presence of at least an equimolar amount of water with respect to the olefin at a temperature of from 50.degree. to 150.degree. C. and a pressure of from 30 to 150 bar and also in the presence of a halogen-free catalyst system consisting of rhodium or a rhodium compound and at least one nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound as a promoter