摘要:
An optical modulation device driven in a time-sharing manner comprises pluralities of signal and row electrodes oppositely spaced from each other, and a liquid crystal interposed between signal and row electrodes, wherein at least one of electrode the plates is provided with a metallic light shielding mask on an electrode provided in a section except for the section serving as a shutter opening, and in that a colored insulating film is provided between row electrodes.
摘要:
There is provided an electromechanical transducer capable of improving yield and obtaining a cavity having a good internal flatness, and a method of fabricating the same. The electromechanical transducer is fabricated in such a manner that an SOI substrate 209 having an active layer 210 whose surface is planarized on a supporting substrate 201 with a thermal oxide insulating layer 205 interposed therebetween is provided; the active layer is patterned into a cavity shape; insulating films 206 and 207 are formed on the patterned active layer; an etching hole 203 passing through the insulating films and communicating with the active layer is formed; and a cavity 202 is formed by etching away the active layer using the etching hole.
摘要:
An electromechanical transducer includes a first electromagnetic element and a second electromagnetic element, such as electrodes, disposed opposite to each other with a sealed cavity therebetween. The sealed cavity is formed by removing a sacrifice layer and then performing sealing. A sealing portion is formed by superposing a film of a hardened second sealing material that has fluidity at normal temperature on a film of a first sealing material that does not have fluidity at normal temperature.
摘要:
An evaluation apparatus which evaluates a sample. The apparatus includes a light source which irradiates the sample with light, an imaging spectrometer which spectroscopically measures light reflected by the sample and senses an image, a first calculator which obtains amplitude information on an amplitude of a spectral reflectance of the sample based on the image sensed by the imaging spectrometer within a predetermined wavelength range of spectral reflectance spectra obtained by the spectrometer, a memory which holds in advance relationship information representing a relationship between the amplitude information of the spectral reflectance and an absorption coefficient, and a second calculator which obtains an absorption coefficient of the sample based on the amplitude information obtained by the first calculator and the relationship information held in the memory.
摘要:
A color liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate having thereon a layer of plural color filter segments and a layer of first transparent electrodes disposed in superposition with the layer of color filter segments, a second substrate disposed opposite to and spaced apart from the first substrate and having thereon a layer of second transparent electrodes intersecting with the first transparent electrodes, and a liquid crystal disposed between the first and second substrates so as to form plural color pixels each at a region of intersection of the first and second transparent electrodes superposed with one of the color filter segments while leaving a pixel spacing between the plural color pixels. The first substrate is provided with a first light-interrupting layer comprising a material identical to that of at least one of the plural color filter segments and disposed at a portion of the pixel spacing so as to mask the portion, and at least one of the first and second substrates is provided with a second light-interrupting layer masking a remaining portion of the pixel spacing. The first and second light-interrupting layers as a whole are effective in preventing leakage of light between color pixels, thus providing images with a high contrast and an excellent display quality.
摘要:
The invention provides a color liquid crystal panel which has a liquid crystal placed between a first substrate and a second substrate, the first substrate having formed thereon a plurality of color filter films and transparent electrodes and the second substrate having formed thereto a transparent electrode. It also has first light-shielding layer sections. formed on the first substrate either in the same layer as the color filter film or in a layer at the substrate side from the color filter films, without contacting the color filter films. It further has second light-shielding layer sections formed in a layer at the liquid crystal layer side from the color filter films. Light is completely shielded by the first light-shielding layer sections and/or the second light-shielding layer section(s) between the color filter films. Such a color liquid crystal panel is highly effective in shielding the gaps between the color filter films, and is less reflective to external light or the like at the display surface.
摘要:
A process for preparing a liquid crystal cell by irradiating on a transparent electrode a laser beam having a broader area than an outer shape of a conductive matter about the conductive matter, wherein the conductive matter is located between said two substrates having an alignment control film subjected to monoaxial alignment treatment.
摘要:
Provided is a method of manufacturing a capacitive electromechanical transducer, including: forming a lower electrode layer on a substrate; forming a sacrificial layer on the lower electrode layer; forming by application a resist layer on the sacrificial layer to form a cavity pattern; forming an insulating layer above regions including a region that contains the resist layer used to form the cavity pattern, and then removing a part of the insulating layer that is formed above the resist layer along with the resist layer, thereby leaving the insulating layer in the other regions than the region where the cavity pattern has been formed; forming a vibrating film above the region where the cavity pattern has been formed and the regions where the insulating layer remains; and removing the sacrificial layer to form a cavity.
摘要:
An evaluation apparatus which evaluates a sample having a porous layer. The apparatus includes a light source which irradiates the sample with light, an imaging spectrometer which spectroscopically measures light reflected by the sample and senses an image, a first calculator which obtains amplitude information on an amplitude of a spectral reflectance of the sample based on the image sensed by the imaging spectrometer, a memory which holds in advance relationship information representing a relationship between amplitude information of spectral reflectance of a member having a porous layer and an absorption coefficient of the porous layer of the member, and a second calculator which obtains an absorption coefficient of the sample based on the amplitude information obtained by the first calculator and the relationship information held in the memory.
摘要:
An evaluation apparatus includes a light source which irradiates a substrate with light, an imaging spectrometer which spectroscopically measures light reflected by the substrate and senses an image, a first calculator which obtains amplitude information on the amplitude of the spectral reflectance of the substrate based on the image sensed by the imaging spectrometer, a memory which holds in advance relationship information (approximate expression) representing the relationship between the amplitude information of the spectral reflectance and an absorption coefficient, and a second calculator which obtains the absorption coefficient of the substrate based on the amplitude information obtained by the first calculator and the relationship information (approximate expression) held in the memory.