公开(公告)号：US06434631B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-13

申请号：US09418795

申请日：1999-10-15

申请人： John Louis Bruno ,  Jose Carlos Brustoloni ,  Eran Gabber ,  Banu Ozden ,  Abraham Silberschatz

发明人： John Louis Bruno ,  Jose Carlos Brustoloni ,  Eran Gabber ,  Banu Ozden ,  Abraham Silberschatz

IPC分类号： G06F1314

CPC分类号： H04N21/23103 ,  G06F3/0613 ,  G06F3/0659 ,  G06F3/0674

摘要： A method and system for servicing disk I/O requests from domains which have been guaranteed minimum quality of disk service maintains I/O requests for each domain are in separate queues. The queues are serviced by a disk scheduler which selects requests from the queues in accordance with a fair queuing scheduling algorithm that considers the estimated time required to service the request at the head of a queue with regard for the size of the input or output associated with the request, the proportion of disk bandwidth assigned to the particular domain, and the state of the other queues.

摘要翻译： 用于保护磁盘I / O请求的方法和系统，这些请求已经被保证，磁盘服务的最低质量维护每个域的I / O请求都在不同的队列中。 队列由磁盘调度器提供服务，磁盘调度器根据公平的排队调度算法来选择来自队列的请求，该算法考虑到与队列中相关联的输入或输出的大小相关联的队列头部处的服务请求所需的估计时间 请求，分配给特定域的磁盘带宽的比例以及其他队列的状态。

公开(公告)号：US5999931A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-07

申请号：US953571

申请日：1997-10-17

申请人： Yuri Breitbart ,  Henry F. Korth ,  Abraham Silberschatz

发明人： Yuri Breitbart ,  Henry F. Korth ,  Abraham Silberschatz

IPC分类号： G06F9/46 ,  G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30575 ,  G06F17/30356 ,  G06F9/466 ,  Y10S707/99938

摘要： The invention provides protocols for managing transactions operating on replicated data items at multiple physical sites in a distributed database system. The protocols make use of dynamically changing sets of data items referred to as "virtual sites" and a replication graph or other suitable globally consistent representation of the relationships between the transactions and the virtual sites. Illustrative embodiments of the invention include a static global serializability (SGS) protocol, a commit-oriented protocol (COP) and a multiversion optimistic protocol (MOP). The SGS protocol broadcasts the data access set of a given transaction to all physical sites, and applies the Thomas Write Rule (TWR) to write-write conflicts on secondary copies of data items. The COP protocol defers testing of the replication graph until a transaction is ready to commit, and each transaction is allowed to proceed at its origination site independently of other transactions that are executing at other sites. The MOP protocol uses two versions of each data item to ensure global multiversion serializability. The two versions are the current version of the data item, and a "last certified version" of the data item. All read-only transactions read the last certified version, and can therefore proceed without delay. The protocols ensure global serializability while substantially reducing communication overhead relative to conventional protocols.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供用于管理在分布式数据库系统中的多个物理站点处对复制数据项进行操作的协议。 这些协议利用动态变化的数据项集称为“虚拟站点”，以及复制图或其他合适的全局一致性表示的事务和虚拟站点之间的关系。 本发明的说明性实施例包括静态全局可串行化（SGS）协议，面向提交的协议（COP）和多向乐曲协议（MOP）。 SGS协议将给定事务的数据访问集合广播到所有物理站点，并且将Thomas Write Rule（TWR）应用于数据项的辅助副本上的写入冲突。 COP协议延迟对复制图的测试，直到事务准备好提交，并且允许每个事务在其始发站点独立于在其他站点执行的其他事务进行。 MOP协议使用每个数据项的两个版本来确保全局多版本可串行化。 这两个版本是数据项的当前版本，以及数据项的“最后一个认证版本”。 所有只读事务读取最后一个认证版本，因此可以毫不拖延地继续。 协议确保全局可序列化，同时大大降低了传统协议的通信开销。

公开(公告)号：US5964829A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-12

申请号：US624011

申请日：1996-03-27

申请人： Banu Ozden ,  Rajeev Rastogi ,  Abraham Silberschatz

发明人： Banu Ozden ,  Rajeev Rastogi ,  Abraham Silberschatz

IPC分类号： G06F15/173 ,  G06F9/46 ,  G06F9/48 ,  H04N5/765 ,  H04N5/93 ,  H04N7/16 ,  H04N7/173 ,  H04N21/2315 ,  H04N21/262

CPC分类号： H04N7/17336

摘要： A method and apparatus are disclosed for providing enhanced pay per view in a video server. Specifically, the present invention periodically schedules a group of non pre-emptible tasks corresponding to videos in a video server having a predetermined number of processors, wherein each task begins at predetermined periods and has a set of sub-tasks separated by predetermined intervals. To schedule the group of tasks, the present invention divides the tasks into two groups according to whether they may be scheduled on a single processor. The present invention schedules each group separately. For the group of tasks not scheduleable on a single processor, the present invention determines a number of processors required to schedule such group and schedules such tasks to start at a predetermined time. For the group of tasks scheduleable on a single processor, the present invention determines whether such tasks are scheduleable on the available processors using an array of time slots. If the present invention determines that such group of tasks are not scheduleable on the available processors, then the present invention recursively partitions such group of tasks in subsets and re-performs the second determination of scheduleability. Recursive partitioning continues until the group of tasks is deemed scheduleable or no longer partitionable. In the latter case, the group of tasks is deemed not scheduleable.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于在视频服务器中提供增强的每次视图的方法和装置。 具体地说，本发明周期性地调度与具有预定数量的处理器的视频服务器中的视频相对应的一组不可预先排除的任务，其中每个任务以预定时段开始并且具有以预定间隔隔开的一组子任务。 为了安排该组任务，本发明根据它们是否可以在单个处理器上进行调度来将任务分成两组。 本发明分别安排每组。 对于在单个处理器上不可调度的任务组，本发明确定了调度这样的组并且计划这些任务在预定时间开始的所需的处理器数量。 对于在单个处理器上可调度的任务组，本发明使用时隙阵列来确定这些任务是否在可用处理器上可调度。 如果本发明确定这样的任务组在可用处理器上是不可调度的，则本发明递归地在子集中划分这样的任务组，并重新执行可调度性的第二确定。 递归分区继续进行，直到任务组被视为可安排或不再可分区。 在后一种情况下，该组任务被视为不可计划。

公开(公告)号：US5864849A

公开(公告)日：1999-01-26

申请号：US767048

申请日：1996-12-16

申请人： Philip Lewis Bohannon ,  Rajeev Rastogi ,  Abraham Silberschatz ,  Sundararajarao Sudarshan

发明人： Philip Lewis Bohannon ,  Rajeev Rastogi ,  Abraham Silberschatz ,  Sundararajarao Sudarshan

IPC分类号： G06F11/14 ,  G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F11/1469 ,  G06F11/1471 ,  Y10S707/99937 ,  Y10S707/99938 ,  Y10S707/99952 ,  Y10S707/99953

摘要： For use with an active database stored in volatile memory for direct revision thereof, the active database having multiple checkpoints and a stable log, having a tail stored in the volatile memory, for tracking revisions to the active database to allow corresponding revisions to be made to the multiple checkpoints, the active database subject to corruption, a system for, and method of, restoring the active database and a computer system containing the same. The system includes: (1) a checkpoint determination controller that determines which of the multiple checkpoints is a most recently completed checkpoint and copies the most recently completed checkpoint to the volatile memory to serve as an unrevised database for reconstructing the active database and (2) a revision application controller that retrieves selected ones of the revisions from the stable log and the tail and applies the revisions to the unrevised database thereby to restore the active database. In an advantageous embodiment, the applied revisions include log records at an operation level (lower level of abstration than transactions), and the revision application controller, using memory locks while restoring the active database, releases ones of the memory locks as a function of applying ones of the log records.

摘要翻译： 为了与存储在易失性存储器中的活动数据库一起用于其直接修订，活动数据库具有多个检查点和稳定的日志，其具有存储在易失性存储器中的尾部，用于跟踪活动数据库的修订以允许相应的修订 多个检查点，活动数据库受到破坏，恢复活动数据库的系统和方法以及包含该活动数据库的计算机系统。 该系统包括：（1）检查点确定控制器，其确定多个检查点中的哪一个是最近完成的检查点，并将最近完成的检查点复制到易失性存储器，以用作用于重建活动数据库的未修改的数据库;以及（2） 修订应用程序控制器，从稳定日志和尾部检索选定的修订版本，并将修订版本应用到未修改的数据库，从而恢复活动数据库。 在有利的实施例中，所应用的修订包括在操作级别（比交易更低级别）的日志记录，以及在恢复活动数据库时使用存储器锁定的修订应用程序控制器，释放作为应用的函数的存储器锁 一些日志记录。

公开(公告)号：US5845292A

公开(公告)日：1998-12-01

申请号：US766096

申请日：1996-12-16

申请人： Philip L. Bohannon ,  James Allen Parker ,  Rajeev Rastogi ,  Abraham Silberschatz

发明人： Philip L. Bohannon ,  James Allen Parker ,  Rajeev Rastogi ,  Abraham Silberschatz

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F11/1471 ,  G06F11/1469 ,  G06F2201/80 ,  Y10S707/99938 ,  Y10S707/99952 ,  Y10S707/99953

摘要： For use with a central database associated with a server of a network, the central database having distributed counterparts stored in volatile memories of clients of the network to allow operations to be performed locally thereon, the central database further having multiple checkpoints and a stable log stored in the server for tracking operations on the central database to allow corresponding operations to be made to the multiple checkpoints, the stable log having tails stored in the volatile memories to track operations on corresponding ones of the distributed counterparts, the distributed counterparts to corruption, a system for, and method of, restoring a distributed counterpart stored in one of the volatile memories. The system includes: (1) a checkpoint determination controller that determines which of the multiple checkpoints is a most recently completed checkpoint and copies the most recently completed checkpoint to the one of the volatile memories to serve as an unrevised database for reconstructing the distributed counterpart and (2) an operation application controller that retrieves selected ones of the operations from the stable log and a tail corresponding to the distributed counterpart and applies the operations to the unrevised database thereby to restore the distributed counterpart.

摘要翻译： 为了与与网络的服务器相关联的中央数据库使用，中央数据库具有存储在网络的客户端的易失性存储器中的分布的对等体，以允许在本地执行操作，中央数据库还具有多个检查点和稳定的日志存储 在服务器中用于在中央数据库上跟踪操作以允许对多个检查点进行相应的操作，稳定日志具有存储在易失性存储器中的尾部，以跟踪对应的分布对等体的操作，分布的对等体到腐败， 系统和恢复存储在一个易失性存储器中的分布式对方的方法。 该系统包括：（1）检查点确定控制器，其确定多个检查点中的哪一个是最近完成的检查点，并将最近完成的检查点复制到易失性存储器中的一个，以用作用于重建分布式对等体的未修复数据库， （2）操作应用程序控制器，其从稳定日志中检索所选择的操作和对应于分发对方的尾部，并将操作应用于未修改的数据库，从而恢复分布的对等体。

公开(公告)号：US06742125B1

公开(公告)日：2004-05-25

申请号：US08748314

申请日：1996-11-13

申请人： Eran Gabber ,  Abraham Silberschatz

发明人： Eran Gabber ,  Abraham Silberschatz

IPC分类号： H04L900

CPC分类号： G06Q30/06 ,  G06Q20/10

摘要： A protocol and system for securely communicating a financial transaction between a customer and a merchant and a distributed computer network employing the protocol or system. A central authority having a central authority private key Ksca assigns a customer account (“CACCT”) to the customer and a merchant account (“MACCT”) to the merchant. The customer has a customer public key Kpc; the merchant has a merchant public key Km. The protocol includes the steps of: (1) sending a quotation from the merchant to the customer, the quotation including the Kpm, a Ksca-signed signature that is a function of the MACCT, an unsigned copy of a price and a Ksm-signed signature that is a function of the MACCT and the price, (2) replying to the quotation by sending an order from the customer to the merchant, the order including the Kpc, a Ksca, signed signature that is a function of the CACCT, an unsigned copy of the price and a Ksc-signed signature that is a function of the CACCT, the MACCT and the price and (3) replying to the order by filling the order.

摘要翻译： 用于安全地传达客户与商家之间的金融交易的协议和系统以及采用该协议或系统的分布式计算机网络。 具有中央授权私钥K 的中央权力机构向客户和商户帐户（“M ACCT ACCT ”） ）给商家 客户有一个客户公钥K c; 商家具有商业公钥Km。 协议包括以下步骤：（1）从商家向客户发送报价，报价包括K＆gt; m，作为M ACCT的函数的K签名签名 ，未签名的价格副本和K 签名签名，该签名是M ACCT 和价格的函数，（2）通过发送报价回复报价 从客户到商户的订单，包括K

c，一个K ca，签名签名的订单，该签名是C ACCT 的函数，未签名的价格副本 作为C ACCT ，M ACCT 和价格的函数的K签名签名，以及（3）通过填写订单来回复订单 。

公开(公告)号：US06643658B1

公开(公告)日：2003-11-04

申请号：US09487516

申请日：2000-01-19

申请人： Ben Jai ,  Clifford E Martin ,  Abraham Silberschatz

发明人： Ben Jai ,  Clifford E Martin ,  Abraham Silberschatz

IPC分类号： G06F1730

CPC分类号： H04L29/12066 ,  G06F17/30887 ,  H04L29/12132 ,  H04L51/28 ,  H04L61/1511 ,  H04L61/1552 ,  Y10S707/99931 ,  Y10S707/99935

摘要： A network server stores database tables for use in resolving labels into network addresses as requested by a remote browser client. Each user has an associated address-table which stores user defined labels associated with network addresses. Users may access other user's address-tables if such other users grant authority to do so. Each user defines the address-tables to be searched, along with a search order, to be used when the user requests that a label be resolved into a network address. During address resolution, the server will resolve a received label into the network address associated with the label as defined by the first accessed address-table which contains the label. The search order as defined by the user may be overridden for a particular address resolution request by an appropriate user command. In various embodiment, the network addresses may be WWW addresses and electronic mail addresses.

摘要翻译： 网络服务器存储数据库表，用于将远程浏览器客户端请求的标签解析为网络地址。 每个用户都有一个相关联的地址表，其存储与网络地址相关联的用户定义的标签。 如果其他用户授权这样做，用户可以访问其他用户的地址表。 每个用户定义要搜索的地址表以及搜索顺序，以在用户请求将标签解析为网络地址时使用。 在地址解析期间，服务器将将接收到的标签解析为与包含标签的第一个访问的地址表定义的与标签相关联的网络地址。 由用户定义的搜索顺序可以通过适当的用户命令被覆盖用于特定的地址解析请求。 在各种实施例中，网络地址可以是WWW地址和电子邮件地址。

公开(公告)号：US06604123B1

公开(公告)日：2003-08-05

申请号：US09311229

申请日：1999-05-13

申请人： John Louis Bruno ,  Jose' Carlos Brustoloni ,  Eran Gabber ,  Abraham Silberschatz ,  Christopher Allen Small

发明人： John Louis Bruno ,  Jose' Carlos Brustoloni ,  Eran Gabber ,  Abraham Silberschatz ,  Christopher Allen Small

IPC分类号： G06F900

CPC分类号： G06F9/4843

摘要： A computer operating system in which transfer of control of executing threads between protection domains is implemented using specific portals dedicated to the particular transfer of control between two protection domains. The transfer of control may also include parameter manipulation. A server registers a portal specification with a portal manager, the portal specification defining the behavior of portals which transfer control to the server. Thereafter, when a client application desires service from the server, the client application requests instantiation of a portal which will transfer control of an execution thread from the client application protection domain to the server protection domain. Upon receipt of the request, the portal manager dynamically generates portal code and updates a portal table associated with the client application, thus instantiating the portal. When the client application desires to invoke the server, the client application issues a system call instruction which results in switching the processor to privileged mode, followed by a lookup to the portal table and a transfer of control to the portal code identified in the portal table. The execution of the portal code results in transfer of control of the execution thread to the protection domain of the server. Various parameter manipulation techniques are disclosed for improving the efficiency of the transfer of control.

摘要翻译： 一种计算机操作系统，其中使用专用于两个保护域之间的特定传输控制的特定门户来实现在保护域之间执行线程的控制的传送。 控制的转移也可以包括参数操作。 服务器向门户管理器注册门户规范，该门户规范定义将控制权转移到服务器的门户的行为。 此后，当客户端应用程序期望从服务器获得服务时，客户端应用程序请求实例化门户，该门户将把执行线程的控制从客户端应用程序保护域转移到服务器保护域。 在收到请求后，门户管理员动态生成门户代码并更新与客户端应用程序关联的门户表，从而实例化门户。 当客户端应用程序希望调用服务器时，客户端应用程序发出系统调用指令，导致处理器转换为特权模式，然后查找门户表，并将控制权转移到门户网站表中标识的门户代码 。 门户代码的执行导致执行线程的控制传输到服务器的保护域。 公开了用于提高控制传送效率的各种参数操纵技术。

公开(公告)号：US06556578B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-29

申请号：US09295458

申请日：1999-04-14

申请人： Abraham Silberschatz ,  Banu Ozden ,  John Bruno ,  Huzur Saran

发明人： Abraham Silberschatz ,  Banu Ozden ,  John Bruno ,  Huzur Saran

IPC分类号： H04L1228

CPC分类号： H04L47/29 ,  H04L47/10 ,  H04L47/193 ,  H04L47/32 ,  H04L47/50 ,  H04L47/60 ,  H04L47/6225 ,  H04L47/6255 ,  H04L49/90 ,  H04L49/901 ,  H04L49/9047 ,  H04L49/9078 ,  H04L69/16 ,  H04L69/163

摘要： A method for managing a buffer pool containing a plurality of queues is based on consideration of both (a) when to drop a packet and (b) from which queue the packet should be dropped. According to the method a packet drop is signaled with the global average queue occupancy exceeds a maximum threshold and is signaled on a probabilistic basis when the global occupancy is between a minimum threshold and the maximum threshold. Each queue has a particular local threshold value associated with it and is considered to be “offending” when its buffer occupancy exceeds its local threshold. When a packet drop is signaled, one of the offending queues is selected using a hierarchical, unweighted round robin selection scheme which ensures that offending queues are selected in a fair manner. A packet is then dropped from the selected offending queue.

摘要翻译： 一种用于管理包含多个队列的缓冲池的方法是基于（a）何时丢弃分组和（b）从哪个队列丢弃分组的考虑。 根据该方法，当全局平均队列占用超过最大阈值时用信号通知分组丢弃，并且当全局占用在最小阈值和最大阈值之间时，以概率为基础发信号通知分组丢弃。 每个队列具有与其相关联的特定局部阈值，并且当其缓冲器占用超过其本地阈值时被认为是“违规”的。 当信号通知分组丢弃时，使用分层，未加权的循环选择方案选择违规队列中的一个，以确保以公平的方式选择违规队列。 然后从所选择的违规队列中丢弃一个数据包。

公开(公告)号：US06499037B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-24

申请号：US09391991

申请日：1999-09-09

申请人： Yuri J. Breitbart ,  Raghavan V. Komondoor ,  Rajeev Rastogi ,  Srinivasan Seshadri ,  Abraham Silberschatz

发明人： Yuri J. Breitbart ,  Raghavan V. Komondoor ,  Rajeev Rastogi ,  Srinivasan Seshadri ,  Abraham Silberschatz

IPC分类号： G06F1730

CPC分类号： G06F17/30575 ,  Y10S707/99943 ,  Y10S707/99944 ,  Y10S707/99945

摘要： A system for, and method of, ensuring serialization of updates from a replica site in a distributed database that is described by a copy graph and a distributed database incorporating the system or the method. In one embodiment, the system includes: (1) a directed acyclic copy graph (DAG) creation module that identifies backedges in, and removes the backedges from, the copy graph to yield a DAG and (2) a propagation module, associated with the DAG creation module, that initially employs eager updating to propagate the updates along the backedges and thereafter employs lazy updating to propagate the updates along edges of the directed acyclic copy graph to ensure the serialization.

摘要翻译： 由复制图和包含系统或方法的分布式数据库描述的分布式数据库中的副本站点确保序列化更新的系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，系统包括：（1）有向非循环复制图（DAG）创建模块，其识别复制图中的背后的和在其中移除的形式，以产生DAG，并且（2）传播模块，与 DAG创建模块，其最初采用热切更新来沿着备份传播更新，然后采用延迟更新来沿着有向非循环复制图的边缘传播更新以确保序列化。