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公开(公告)号：US4694913A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-22
申请号：US863957
申请日：1986-05-16
申请人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , Michael R. Wasson , William C. Herben
发明人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , Michael R. Wasson , William C. Herben
摘要： Long utility holes, for gas lines, electrical conduit, communications conduit and the like, may be bored or pierced horizontally through the earth, particularly under obstacles, such as buildings, streets, highways, rivers, lakes, etc. Such holes may be bored by an underground drilling mole (underground percussion drill) supported on a hollow drill rod and supplied with compressed air through the rod to operate an air hammer which strikes an anvil having an external boring face, preferably constructed to apply an asymmetric boring force. The drill rod is operated by a drill rig on the surface or recessed in special pit for horizontal drilling and provides for addition of sections of pipe or hollow rod as the boring progresses. The asymmetric boring force causes the boring path to curve and, when straight line drilling is needed, the drill rod is rotated to counteract the asymmetric boring force. An alternative boring tool utilizes an expander supported on a solid or hollow drill rod and having a base end supported on and larger in diameter than the rod and tapering longitudinally forward therefrom. It may have a uniform extension protruding a short distance forward. The tool penetrates the earth upon longitudinal movement of the drill rod.
摘要翻译： 用于气体管道，电气管道，通讯管道等的长通风孔可能会被水平穿过地球，特别是在建筑物，街道，公路，河流，湖泊等障碍物下面。这样的孔可能无聊 通过支撑在中空钻杆上并通过杆供给压缩空气的地下钻孔槌（地下冲击钻）来操作撞击具有外部钻孔面的砧座的空气锤，优选地构造成施加不对称镗孔。 钻杆由表面上的钻机操作，或者用于水平钻孔的特殊凹坑中，并且在钻孔进行时提供管道或中空杆的部分。 不对称钻孔力使钻孔路径弯曲，当需要直线钻孔时，钻杆旋转以抵消不对称钻孔力。 一种替代的钻孔工具利用支撑在实心或中空钻杆上的膨胀器，并且具有支撑在直径上且大于杆直径的基端，并从其纵向向前逐渐变细。 它可能具有向前突出较短距离的均匀延伸。 当钻杆的纵向移动时，该工具穿透地球。
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公开(公告)号：US06457538B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-01
申请号：US09789309
申请日：2001-02-20
IPC分类号： E21B2510
CPC分类号： E21B25/10 , E21B47/182
摘要： A system of apparatus for use in a coring tool measures the height of a core sample being recovered and transmits data relative thereto to the surface of a formation concurrently during the coring operation. A transmitter of an electromagnetic ranging system rides atop a core sample being formed in the barrel chamber and a receiver member of the electromagnetic ranging system is fixed at a top end of the barrel it known distance above the transmitter. During the coring operation the transmitter transmits a fixed frequency signal to the receiver through drilling fluid disposed therebetween. The distance between the transmitter and receiver decreases and the amplitude of the transmitted signal changes as a function of the separation distance between the transmitter and receiver as the core sample enters the inner barrel and the height of the core sample within the barrel is determined as a function of time and depth. The pressure of the drilling fluid is modulated to transmit a series of pressure pulses from the barrel to the surface encoded to produce a binary digital or pulse-width modulation signal. The electromagnetic ranging system may be incorporated into a coring tool having a core bit disposed at a lower end and a full closure ball valve and core retention assembly movable to a closed position to close the bottom end of the inner barrel and prevent the loss of core collected in the inner barrel chamber.
摘要翻译： 在取芯工具中使用的装置系统测量正在回收的芯样品的高度，并且在取芯操作过程中同时将相对于其的数据传送到地层的表面。 电磁测距系统的发射器在形成在筒室中的芯样品的顶部上方，并且电磁测距系统的接收器构件固定在其在发射器上方已知距离的筒的顶端。 在取芯操作期间，发射器通过设置在其间的钻井液将接收机传输固定频率信号。 当核心样品进入内筒时，发射器和接收器之间的距离减小，并且发射信号的幅度随着发射器和接收器之间的间隔距离的变化而变化，并且将筒体内的芯样品的高度确定为 时间和深度的功能。 调节钻井液的压力以将一系列压力脉冲从筒体传送到编码的表面，以产生二进制数字或脉冲宽度调制信号。 电磁测距系统可以结合到具有设置在下端的芯钻头的取芯工具和全闭合球阀和芯保持组件可移动到关闭位置以封闭内筒的底端并防止芯损失 收集在内桶腔中。
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13.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06313755B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-06
申请号：US09324810
申请日：1999-06-02
IPC分类号： G01V300
CPC分类号： E21B47/122 , E21B47/02216 , E21B47/0905
摘要： A downhole buried utility sensing and data transmission system for connection at the lower end of a drill string has sensors capable of detecting the existence of various different types of buried utilities and objects and making calculations as to the radial separation distance between the detected utilities and the drill head and transmitting data between the down hole drill head to the surface. The sensors respond to material properties used to construct the utility lines or the energy fields created by the operation of these lines (pipes and cables) or from the energy associated with transmission of the particular utility service, including sound energy resulting from fluid flow and electromagnetic energy from electric currents. The system can detect and distinguish the presence of ferromagnetic metallic objects including steel pipes and structures; non-metallic utility infrastructure including gas pipelines, concrete sewer lines, telecommunication lines, and cable systems outfitted with RF tracer lines and transmitters; energized AC and DC power cable systems; and determining the approximate range, relative azimuth, and elevation of the sensors relative to the detected utility or object. The system also supports automatic cessation of drilling operations by combining the warning information with microprocessor control of drill string rotation and thrust.
摘要翻译： 用于在钻柱的下端连接的井下埋地效用感测和数据传输系统具有能够检测各种不同类型的埋地利用和物体的存在的传感器，并且对所检测到的公用设施和 钻头和钻孔头之间的数据传输到表面。 传感器响应用于构建公用事业线或由这些管线（管道和电缆）的操作产生的能量场或由与特定公用事业服务的传输相关联的能量的材料性质，包括由流体流动和电磁产生的声能 来自电流的能量。 该系统可以检测和区分铁磁金属物体，包括钢管和结构物; 非金属公用事业基础设施，包括天然气管道，混凝土下水道，电信线路和配备有RF跟踪线路和发射机的电缆系统; 交流和直流电力电缆系统; 并且确定传感器相对于检测到的效用或物体的近似范围，相对方位角和仰角。 该系统还支持通过将警告信息与钻柱旋转和推力的微处理器控制相结合来自动停止钻井作业。
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公开(公告)号：US4858704A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US094937
申请日：1987-09-09
申请人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , Michael R. Wasson , William C. Herben
发明人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , Michael R. Wasson , William C. Herben
摘要： Long utility holes, for gas lines, electrical conduit, communications conduit and the like, may be bored or pierced horizontally through the earth, particularly under obstacles, such as buildings, streets, highways, rivers, lakes, etc. Such holes may be bored by an underground drilling mole (underground percussion drill) supported on a hollow drill rod and supplied with compressed air through the rod to operate an air hammer which strikes an anvil having an external boring face, preferably constructed to apply an asymmetric boring force. The drill rod is operated by a drill rig on the surface or recessed in special pit for horizontal drilling and provides for additional sections of pipe or hollow rod as the boring progresses. The asymmetric boring force causes the boring path to curve and, when straight line drilling is needed, the drill rod is rotated to counteract the asymmetric boring force. An alternative boring tool utilizes an expander supported on a solid or hollow drill rod and having a base end supported on and larger in diameter than the rod and tapering longitudinally forward therefrom. It may have a uniform extension protruding a short distance forward. The tool penetrates the earth upon longitudinal movement of the drill rod.
摘要翻译： 用于气体管道，电气管道，通讯管道等的长通风孔可能会在地球上，特别是在诸如建筑物，街道，高速公路，河流，湖泊等障碍物的水平下钻孔或刺穿。这样的孔可能无聊 通过支撑在中空钻杆上并通过杆供给压缩空气的地下钻孔槌（地下冲击钻）来操作撞击具有外部钻孔面的砧座的空气锤，优选地构造成施加不对称镗孔。 钻杆由表面上的钻机操作，或者用于水平钻孔的专用凹坑中，并在钻孔进行时提供管道或中空杆的附加部分。 不对称钻孔力使钻孔路径弯曲，当需要直线钻孔时，钻杆旋转以抵消不对称钻孔力。 一种替代的钻孔工具利用支撑在实心或中空钻杆上的膨胀器，并且具有支撑在直径上且大于杆直径的基端，并从其纵向向前逐渐变细。 它可能具有向前突出较短距离的均匀延伸。 当钻杆的纵向移动时，该工具穿透地球。
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