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公开(公告)号：US4694913A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-22
申请号：US863957
申请日：1986-05-16
申请人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , Michael R. Wasson , William C. Herben
发明人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , Michael R. Wasson , William C. Herben
摘要： Long utility holes, for gas lines, electrical conduit, communications conduit and the like, may be bored or pierced horizontally through the earth, particularly under obstacles, such as buildings, streets, highways, rivers, lakes, etc. Such holes may be bored by an underground drilling mole (underground percussion drill) supported on a hollow drill rod and supplied with compressed air through the rod to operate an air hammer which strikes an anvil having an external boring face, preferably constructed to apply an asymmetric boring force. The drill rod is operated by a drill rig on the surface or recessed in special pit for horizontal drilling and provides for addition of sections of pipe or hollow rod as the boring progresses. The asymmetric boring force causes the boring path to curve and, when straight line drilling is needed, the drill rod is rotated to counteract the asymmetric boring force. An alternative boring tool utilizes an expander supported on a solid or hollow drill rod and having a base end supported on and larger in diameter than the rod and tapering longitudinally forward therefrom. It may have a uniform extension protruding a short distance forward. The tool penetrates the earth upon longitudinal movement of the drill rod.
摘要翻译： 用于气体管道，电气管道，通讯管道等的长通风孔可能会被水平穿过地球，特别是在建筑物，街道，公路，河流，湖泊等障碍物下面。这样的孔可能无聊 通过支撑在中空钻杆上并通过杆供给压缩空气的地下钻孔槌（地下冲击钻）来操作撞击具有外部钻孔面的砧座的空气锤，优选地构造成施加不对称镗孔。 钻杆由表面上的钻机操作，或者用于水平钻孔的特殊凹坑中，并且在钻孔进行时提供管道或中空杆的部分。 不对称钻孔力使钻孔路径弯曲，当需要直线钻孔时，钻杆旋转以抵消不对称钻孔力。 一种替代的钻孔工具利用支撑在实心或中空钻杆上的膨胀器，并且具有支撑在直径上且大于杆直径的基端，并从其纵向向前逐渐变细。 它可能具有向前突出较短距离的均匀延伸。 当钻杆的纵向移动时，该工具穿透地球。
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公开(公告)号：US4858704A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US094937
申请日：1987-09-09
申请人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , Michael R. Wasson , William C. Herben
发明人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , Michael R. Wasson , William C. Herben
摘要： Long utility holes, for gas lines, electrical conduit, communications conduit and the like, may be bored or pierced horizontally through the earth, particularly under obstacles, such as buildings, streets, highways, rivers, lakes, etc. Such holes may be bored by an underground drilling mole (underground percussion drill) supported on a hollow drill rod and supplied with compressed air through the rod to operate an air hammer which strikes an anvil having an external boring face, preferably constructed to apply an asymmetric boring force. The drill rod is operated by a drill rig on the surface or recessed in special pit for horizontal drilling and provides for additional sections of pipe or hollow rod as the boring progresses. The asymmetric boring force causes the boring path to curve and, when straight line drilling is needed, the drill rod is rotated to counteract the asymmetric boring force. An alternative boring tool utilizes an expander supported on a solid or hollow drill rod and having a base end supported on and larger in diameter than the rod and tapering longitudinally forward therefrom. It may have a uniform extension protruding a short distance forward. The tool penetrates the earth upon longitudinal movement of the drill rod.
摘要翻译： 用于气体管道，电气管道，通讯管道等的长通风孔可能会在地球上，特别是在诸如建筑物，街道，高速公路，河流，湖泊等障碍物的水平下钻孔或刺穿。这样的孔可能无聊 通过支撑在中空钻杆上并通过杆供给压缩空气的地下钻孔槌（地下冲击钻）来操作撞击具有外部钻孔面的砧座的空气锤，优选地构造成施加不对称镗孔。 钻杆由表面上的钻机操作，或者用于水平钻孔的专用凹坑中，并在钻孔进行时提供管道或中空杆的附加部分。 不对称钻孔力使钻孔路径弯曲，当需要直线钻孔时，钻杆旋转以抵消不对称钻孔力。 一种替代的钻孔工具利用支撑在实心或中空钻杆上的膨胀器，并且具有支撑在直径上且大于杆直径的基端，并从其纵向向前逐渐变细。 它可能具有向前突出较短距离的均匀延伸。 当钻杆的纵向移动时，该工具穿透地球。
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公开(公告)号：US4880065A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-14
申请号：US258175
申请日：1988-10-14
申请人： William J. McDonald , Michael R. Wasson , Curtis E. Leitko , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer
发明人： William J. McDonald , Michael R. Wasson , Curtis E. Leitko , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer
摘要： A new and improved air motor operated rotary earth drilling tool for use with a source of high pressure, high volume compressed air has a circulation control housing, a motor housing, a reduction gear housing, and a bearing housing connected longitudinally in series. The circulation control housing is connected to high pressure, high volume, compressed air and has an outlet opening into the motor housing, and an exhaust opening for discharge of compressed air for flushing cuttings and debris from a bore hole which is controlled by longitudinal movement of an inlet tube. The motor housing has a motor chamber and a sliding vane rotor with a rotary shaft extending into the reduction gear housing. A planetary reduction gear receives the rotor shaft and has a low speed, high torque output shaft extending into the bearing housing. A passageway conducts compressed air around the planetary reduction gear for cooling. A radial and thrust bearing pack in the bearing housing is connected to the planetary reduction gear output shaft. A hollow, rotary drill bit sub extends into the bearing housing and is supported on the bearing pack for rotation by the planetary reduction gear. Part of the compressed air operating the motor and cooling the planetary reduction gear is discharged through the drill bit sub and part flows though the bearing pack for cooling and discharge into the bore hole.
摘要翻译： 一种新型改进的气动马达操作的旋转式泥土钻井工具，与高压大容量压缩空气源一起使用，具有循环控制壳体，马达壳体，减速齿轮壳体和纵向连续连接的轴承壳体。 循环控制壳体连接到高压，大体积的压缩空气，并且具有进入电动机壳体的出口，以及用于排出压缩空气的排气口，用于从钻孔冲洗切屑和碎屑，该钻孔由纵向运动控制 入口管。 马达壳体具有马达室和具有延伸到减速齿轮壳体中的旋转轴的滑动叶片转子。 行星减速齿轮接收转子轴并且具有延伸到轴承壳体中的低速，高扭矩输出轴。 一个通道在行星减速机周围传导压缩空气用于冷却。 轴承座中的径向和推力轴承组件连接到行星减速齿轮输出轴。 中空的旋转钻头子部分延伸到轴承壳体中并且被支撑在轴承组件上以由行星减速齿轮旋转。 运行电机并冷却行星减速齿轮的压缩空气的一部分通过钻头副排出，部件通过轴承组件流动，以冷却和排放到钻孔中。
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4.发明授权Impact and impact-rotary tool testing apparatus using rotary speed and impact energy 失效冲击和冲击旋转刀具测试装置采用旋转速度和冲击能量
公开(公告)号：US5277055A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-11
申请号：US753606
申请日：1991-08-30
CPC分类号： G01M99/007
摘要： A test stand has a base supporting standards on which are mounted a crossbar and an adjustably locatable header. The header supports an actuator for raising and lowering the crossbar which holds V-blocks for engaging the handles of an impact or impact-rotary tool and which applies downward pressure to the tool. The tool chuck is fitted to the top of a guide rod whose lower end passes with a sliding fit through a disc to which it is keyed and bears against a piston in an hydraulically pressurized cylinder. Sensors detect rotation of the disc and movement of the piston to provide information to a computer as to impact energy and rotary speed. A manifold fitted with sensors for temperature, pressure, and flow rate supplies operating air to the tool. The computer includes a database with stored information as to past history of the tool and the manufacturer's recommended operating specifications to which the measured data is compared.
摘要翻译： 测试台具有基座支撑标准，其上安装有横杆和可调节定位的头部。 集管支撑用于升高和降低横梁的致动器，其保持用于接合冲击或冲击旋转工具的把手的V形块，并且向工具施加向下的压力。 工具卡盘安装在导杆的顶部，导向杆的下端通过滑动配合通过与其键合的盘并且靠在液压加压缸中的活塞上。 传感器检测盘的旋转和活塞的移动，以向计算机提供影响能量和旋转速度的信息。 配有温度，压力和流量传感器的歧管为工具提供工作空气。 计算机包括具有关于工具的过去历史的存储信息的数据库和与测量数据进行比较的制造商推荐的操作规范。
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公开(公告)号：US4632191A
公开(公告)日：1986-12-30
申请号：US720582
申请日：1985-04-05
申请人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , John H. Cohen , Gregory C. Givler
发明人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , William C. Maurer , John H. Cohen , Gregory C. Givler
CPC分类号： E21B4/145 , E21B47/02216 , E21B7/068 , E21B7/26
摘要： A steering system is disclosed for percussion boring tools for boring in the earth at an angle or in a generally horizontal direction. The steering mechanism comprises a slanted-face nose member attached to the anvil of the tool to produce a turning force on the tool and movable tail fins incorporated into the trailing end of the tool which are adapted to be selectively positioned relative to the body of the tool to negate the turning force. The fins are constructed to assume a neutral position relative to the housing of the tool when the tool is allowed to turn and to assume a spin inducing position relative to the housing of the tool to cause it to rotate when the tool is to move in a straight direction. Turning force may also be imparted to the tool by an eccentric hammer which delivers an off-axis impact to the tool anvil. For straight boring, the tail fins are fixed to induce spin of the tool about its longitudinal axis to compensate for the turning effect of the slanted nose member or eccentric hammer. When the fins are in the neutral position, the slanted nose member or the eccentric hammer will deflect the tool in a given direction. The fins also allow the nose piece to be oriented in any given plane for subsequent steering operation.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于叩击钻孔工具的转向系统，用于在一个角度或大致水平的方向上在地球中钻孔。 所述转向机构包括附接到所述工具的所述砧座上的倾斜鼻部构件，以在所述工具上产生转动力并且结合到所述工具的后端中的可移动尾部翼片适于相对于所述工具的主体选择性地定位 反转力的工具。 当工具被允许转动并且相对于工具的壳体呈现旋转诱导位置时，翅片构造成相对于工具的壳体处于中立位置，以使得当工具在工具中移动时，其转动 直方向 也可以通过偏心锤向工具施加转动力，所述偏心锤将离轴冲击传递到工具砧座。 为了直钻，尾翼被固定以引起工具围绕其纵向轴线的旋转以补偿倾斜的鼻部构件或偏心锤的转动效果。 当翅片处于中立位置时，倾斜的鼻部构件或偏心锤会使工具沿给定方向偏转。 翅片还允许鼻片在任何给定的平面中定向以用于随后的转向操作。
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公开(公告)号：US4621698A
公开(公告)日：1986-11-11
申请号：US723792
申请日：1985-04-16
申请人： Gerard T. Pittard , William J. McDonald , William C. Maurer , John H. Cohen , Gregory C. Givler
发明人： Gerard T. Pittard , William J. McDonald , William C. Maurer , John H. Cohen , Gregory C. Givler
CPC分类号： E21B47/02216 , E21B4/145 , E21B7/068 , E21B7/26
摘要： A percussion boring tool is disclosed for boring in the earth at an angle or in a generally horizontal direction. The tool has a steering mechanism substantially as shown in a copending patent application and a cylindrical body with overgage sleeves located over a portion of the outer body affixed so that they can rotate but cannot slide axially. The overgage areas at the front and back of the tool, or alternately, an undergage section in the center of the tool body permits a 2-point contact (front and rear) of the outer housing with the soil wall as opposed to the line contact which occurs without the undercut. The 2-point contact allows the tool to deviate in an arc without distorting the round cross-sectional profile of the pierced hole. Thus, for a given steering force at the front and/or back of the tool, a higher rate of turning is possible since a smaller volume of soil needs to be displaced.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种冲击钻孔工具，其以角度或大致水平的方向在地球中钻孔。 该工具具有基本上如共同未决的专利申请中所示的转向机构，并且具有位于外部主体的一部分上方的具有过载套筒的圆柱形主体被固定，使得它们可以旋转但不能轴向滑动。 工具正面和背面的交叉区域，或者交替地，工具主体中心的下行部分允许外壳与土壤壁的两点接触（前后）与线接触相反 其发生没有底切。 2点接触允许刀具在电弧中偏离，而不会使穿孔的圆形横截面轮廓变形。 因此，对于在工具的前部和/或后部的给定的转向力，可以有更高的转动速度，因为较小体积的土壤需要移动。
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公开(公告)号：US5467083A
公开(公告)日：1995-11-14
申请号：US111915
申请日：1993-08-26
申请人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , Charles G. Steele , Karl F. Kiefer , Terry P. Clifton , Curtis E. Leitko
发明人： William J. McDonald , Gerard T. Pittard , Charles G. Steele , Karl F. Kiefer , Terry P. Clifton , Curtis E. Leitko
CPC分类号： E21B47/122
摘要： A wireless downhole electromagnetic data transmission system and method utilizes microprocessor controlled frequency synthesis for two-way communication between the surface and a downhole guided boring or drilling apparatus in the range of from 100 Hz to 100 KHz. A non-magnetic downhole probe unit connected between a drill motor or drill bit and the drill string contains data gathering and transmission components including accelerometers which measure the earth's gravity vector and fluxgate magnetometers which read the earth's magnetic field and serve as power line proximity sensors. The drill pipe acts as an electrical lossy, single conductor with the earth forming the electrical return path. Sensory data gathered by the downhole probe is encoded in digital format and impressed upon the drill string using frequency shift keying of the electromagnetic energy waves and is picked off at the surface by a signal receiver-demodulator and message processor unit. The surface unit instructs the downhole probe to transmit multiple frequencies and selects one or more frequencies with the most favorable signal-to-noise ratio(s) in response to local conditions to maximize the transmission distance at a selective frequency band range and given transmitter power level and baud rate. The received signal is filtered, demodulated, processed and displayed at the surface and gravity and magnetic field vectors are combined with the created hole length to calculate x, y, and z hole coordinates and derive hole position vectors.
摘要翻译： 一种无线井下电磁数据传输系统和方法，利用微处理器控制的频率合成，在100Hz至100KHz范围内的表面与井下引导钻孔或钻孔设备之间进行双向通信。 连接在钻机电钻或钻头和钻柱之间的非磁性井下探头单元包含数据收集和传输部件，包括测量地球重力矢量的加速度计和读取地球磁场并用作电力线接近传感器的磁通门磁力计。 钻杆充当电损耗单个导体，其中地球形成电气返回路径。 由井下探头收集的感觉数据以数字格式进行编码，并使用电磁能量波的频移键控将其施加在钻柱上，并通过信号接收机 - 解调器和消息处理器单元在表面拾取。 表面单元指示井下探头发射多个频率，并响应于局部条件选择具有最有利的信噪比的一个或多个频率，以使选择性频带范围内的传输距离最大化并给定发射机功率 级别和波特率。 接收的信号在表面进行滤波，解调，处理和显示，重力和磁场矢量与创建的孔长度相结合，以计算x，y和z孔坐标，并导出孔位置矢量。
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公开(公告)号：US06457538B1
公开(公告)日：2002-10-01
申请号：US09789309
申请日：2001-02-20
IPC分类号： E21B2510
CPC分类号： E21B25/10 , E21B47/182
摘要： A system of apparatus for use in a coring tool measures the height of a core sample being recovered and transmits data relative thereto to the surface of a formation concurrently during the coring operation. A transmitter of an electromagnetic ranging system rides atop a core sample being formed in the barrel chamber and a receiver member of the electromagnetic ranging system is fixed at a top end of the barrel it known distance above the transmitter. During the coring operation the transmitter transmits a fixed frequency signal to the receiver through drilling fluid disposed therebetween. The distance between the transmitter and receiver decreases and the amplitude of the transmitted signal changes as a function of the separation distance between the transmitter and receiver as the core sample enters the inner barrel and the height of the core sample within the barrel is determined as a function of time and depth. The pressure of the drilling fluid is modulated to transmit a series of pressure pulses from the barrel to the surface encoded to produce a binary digital or pulse-width modulation signal. The electromagnetic ranging system may be incorporated into a coring tool having a core bit disposed at a lower end and a full closure ball valve and core retention assembly movable to a closed position to close the bottom end of the inner barrel and prevent the loss of core collected in the inner barrel chamber.
摘要翻译： 在取芯工具中使用的装置系统测量正在回收的芯样品的高度，并且在取芯操作过程中同时将相对于其的数据传送到地层的表面。 电磁测距系统的发射器在形成在筒室中的芯样品的顶部上方，并且电磁测距系统的接收器构件固定在其在发射器上方已知距离的筒的顶端。 在取芯操作期间，发射器通过设置在其间的钻井液将接收机传输固定频率信号。 当核心样品进入内筒时，发射器和接收器之间的距离减小，并且发射信号的幅度随着发射器和接收器之间的间隔距离的变化而变化，并且将筒体内的芯样品的高度确定为 时间和深度的功能。 调节钻井液的压力以将一系列压力脉冲从筒体传送到编码的表面，以产生二进制数字或脉冲宽度调制信号。 电磁测距系统可以结合到具有设置在下端的芯钻头的取芯工具和全闭合球阀和芯保持组件可移动到关闭位置以封闭内筒的底端并防止芯损失 收集在内桶腔中。
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9.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06313755B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-06
申请号：US09324810
申请日：1999-06-02
IPC分类号： G01V300
CPC分类号： E21B47/122 , E21B47/02216 , E21B47/0905
摘要： A downhole buried utility sensing and data transmission system for connection at the lower end of a drill string has sensors capable of detecting the existence of various different types of buried utilities and objects and making calculations as to the radial separation distance between the detected utilities and the drill head and transmitting data between the down hole drill head to the surface. The sensors respond to material properties used to construct the utility lines or the energy fields created by the operation of these lines (pipes and cables) or from the energy associated with transmission of the particular utility service, including sound energy resulting from fluid flow and electromagnetic energy from electric currents. The system can detect and distinguish the presence of ferromagnetic metallic objects including steel pipes and structures; non-metallic utility infrastructure including gas pipelines, concrete sewer lines, telecommunication lines, and cable systems outfitted with RF tracer lines and transmitters; energized AC and DC power cable systems; and determining the approximate range, relative azimuth, and elevation of the sensors relative to the detected utility or object. The system also supports automatic cessation of drilling operations by combining the warning information with microprocessor control of drill string rotation and thrust.
摘要翻译： 用于在钻柱的下端连接的井下埋地效用感测和数据传输系统具有能够检测各种不同类型的埋地利用和物体的存在的传感器，并且对所检测到的公用设施和 钻头和钻孔头之间的数据传输到表面。 传感器响应用于构建公用事业线或由这些管线（管道和电缆）的操作产生的能量场或由与特定公用事业服务的传输相关联的能量的材料性质，包括由流体流动和电磁产生的声能 来自电流的能量。 该系统可以检测和区分铁磁金属物体，包括钢管和结构物; 非金属公用事业基础设施，包括天然气管道，混凝土下水道，电信线路和配备有RF跟踪线路和发射机的电缆系统; 交流和直流电力电缆系统; 并且确定传感器相对于检测到的效用或物体的近似范围，相对方位角和仰角。 该系统还支持通过将警告信息与钻柱旋转和推力的微处理器控制相结合来自动停止钻井作业。
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公开(公告)号：US5641909A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-24
申请号：US222621
申请日：1994-04-05
IPC分类号： G01N29/22 , G01N29/265 , G01N29/40 , G01N29/04
CPC分类号： G01N29/40 , G01N29/0672 , G01N29/069 , G01N29/225 , G01N29/265 , G01N2291/044 , G01N2291/101 , G01N2291/2636
摘要： Apparatus is disclosed for providing one hundred percent inspection of natural gas mains under operating flow conditions. The apparatus includes a scan unit assembly which is inserted into the gas main to collect data for the production of graphic images of the wall of the gas main. The scan unit includes a plurality of scan rollers, each containing an ultrasonic transducer, which traverse the surface of the wall defining the inner diameter of the gas main. The ultrasonic transducers transmit interrogating pulses into the wall of the gas main at a pre-determined spaced apart interval resulting in a helical scan pattern of interrogating pulses. The return pulses from the surfaces defining the inner diameter and outer diameter of the gas main and any imperfections and/or flaws within the wall of the main are received by the transducer and transmitted to a display unit for a visual indication (a tomograph) of the wall of the gas main.
摘要翻译： 公开了用于在操作流动条件下提供百分之百天然气管道的装置。 该装置包括一个扫描单元组件，其被插入气体主体中以收集用于生成气体主体壁的图形图像的数据。 扫描单元包括多个扫描辊，每个扫描辊包含超声波换能器，该超声波换能器穿过限定气体主体内径的壁的表面。 超声波换能器以预定间隔的间隔将询问脉冲发送到气体主体的壁中，从而产生询问脉冲的螺旋扫描图案。 来自限定气体主体的内径和外径的表面的返回脉冲以及主体壁内的任何缺陷和/或缺陷被换能器接收并被传送到显示单元以用于视觉指示（断层摄影） 气体主要的墙壁。
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