Abstract:
An excimer laser cavity is disclosed which includes at least one grating-prism (grism) and a wavelength-selective diffraction grating arranged in sequence. The grism grating surface faces the gain medium and produces an expanded beam which is diffracted on the same side of the prism grating surface normal as the incident beam. The expanded diffracted beam is transmitted through a second surface of the grism either to another grating surface of an additional grism or to a wavelength-selective diffraction grating operating in Littrow configuration. The laser produces a laser output beam with a narrow spectral linewidth which is suitable, in particular, for lithography applications.
Abstract:
A double-grating excimer laser cavity is disclosed which includes a first multilayer dielectric diffraction grating comprised of a dielectric stack having a plurality of continuous layers with alternating high and low refractive indices, and a nonmetallic diffraction grating disposed on the top layer of the plurality of layers. The nonmetallic diffraction grating is a single pair of layers made of a low refractive index dielectric material and a high refractive index dielectric material. Grooves extend through the pair of layers. The diffraction grating has a diffraction efficiency of greater than 85% at the laser emission wavelength. The laser produces a laser output beam with a narrow spectral linewidth which is suitable, in particular, for lithography applications.
Abstract:
Three-dimensional grating device includes two (crossed) diffraction gratings, exhibits diffraction efficiency substantially independent of the incident polarization inside an optical communication spectral window from 1.5-1.6 μm. The gratings are characterized by different periods in two directions, chosen to support only one dispersive diffraction order in addition to the zero- (specular) order. Gratings may be orthogonal. Exemplary grating profiles include but are not limited to sinusoidal and truncated pyramidal (trapezoidal) profiles. A method for diffracting polarization independent light with 90% or higher efficiency. Applications include various wavelength control devices particularly useful in telecommunications.
Abstract:
A reflection grating device with a continuous non-reflecting dielectric adjusting layer disposed between a grating structure and one or more continuous reflecting layers is disclosed that operates in an order of interest, such as the 1st order or 3rd order of diffraction, with high efficiency and near-exclusion of unwanted orders. Such devices can be employed, for example, in telecommunication and laser applications.
Abstract:
A multi-wavelength, commonly mode-locked external cavity laser system includes a solid state gain element generating a collinearly propagating multi-wavelength optical beam, a diffracting element that diffracts the multi-wavelength optical beam into a plurality of diffracted optical beams, a wavelength-selective device receiving the plurality of diffracted optical beams and controllably transmitting or reflecting the diffracted optical beams depending on their wavelengths, and at least one mode-locking device that mode-locks the optical beams from the gain elements in common and thus forms a mode-locked optical output beam of picosecond or femtosecond duration and high peak power.
Abstract:
A grating structure with a dielectric coating is disclosed that operates efficiently away from the blaze angle in low order with a high diffraction efficiency and high wavelength dispersion. Such grating structure can be employed in Littrow configuration to provide, for example, cavity feedback in excimer lasers.