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公开(公告)号：US20100123649A1
公开(公告)日：2010-05-20
申请号：US12272222
申请日：2008-11-17
申请人： John W. Hamer , Gary Parrett , Charles I. Levey
发明人： John W. Hamer , Gary Parrett , Charles I. Levey
IPC分类号： G09G3/30
CPC分类号： G09G3/3225 , G09G2320/0295 , G09G2320/043 , G09G2320/045
摘要： Compensation is performed for initial nonuniformity or aging of drive transistors and electroluminescent (EL) emitters in 3T1C EL subpixels of an EL display, such as an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display. A readout transistor connected to the EL emitter is used to readout the voltage of the emitter and compensation for ΔVth, ΔVEL, and OLED efficiency loss is performed using a model. Measurements are taken during a frame by driving a target subpixel at a higher luminance for a shorter time, then using the remaining time in the frame to measure. Measurements can be taken with an A/D converter or with a ramp generator and comparator. Compensation is performed for each subpixel individually.
摘要翻译： 对于诸如有机发光二极管（OLED）显示器的EL显示器的3T1C EL子像素中的驱动晶体管和电致发光（EL）发射体的初始不均匀性或老化，进行补偿。 连接到EL发射器的读出晶体管用于读出发射极的电压，并且使用模型进行补偿以达到＆Dgr; Vth，＆Dgr，VEL和OLED效率损失。 通过在更短的时间内以更高的亮度驱动目标子像素，然后使用帧中的剩余时间来测量，在帧期间进行测量。 可以用A / D转换器或斜坡发生器和比较器进行测量。 对每个子像素分别执行补偿。
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公开(公告)号：US20100156766A1
公开(公告)日：2010-06-24
申请号：US12337668
申请日：2008-12-18
IPC分类号： G09G3/30
CPC分类号： G09G3/3233 , G09G3/2022 , G09G2300/0819 , G09G2320/0295 , G09G2320/041 , G09G2320/043 , G09G2320/045
摘要： An electroluminescent (EL) subpixel driven by a digital-drive scheme has a readout transistor driven by a current source when the drive transistor is non-conducting. This produces an emitter-voltage signal from which an aging signal representing the efficiency of the EL emitter can be computed. The aging signal is used to determine the loss in current of the subpixel when active, and an input signal is adjusted to provide increased on-time to compensate for voltage rise and efficiency loss of the EL emitter. Variations due to temperature can also be compensated for.
摘要翻译： 由数字驱动方案驱动的电致发光（EL）子像素在驱动晶体管不导通时具有由电流源驱动的读出晶体管。 这产生一个发射极 - 电压信号，由此可以计算代表EL发射器效率的老化信号。 老化信号用于确定有源时子像素的电流损耗，并调整输入信号以提供增加的导通时间，以补偿EL发射极的电压上升和效率损失。 温度变化也可以补偿。
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公开(公告)号：US08251494B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-28
申请号：US12627133
申请日：2009-11-30
申请人： Samuel Chen , Charles I. Levey
发明人： Samuel Chen , Charles I. Levey
CPC分类号： H05K3/244 , H05K1/0393 , H05K2203/072
摘要： A printed wiring member includes a dielectric substrate; a patterned copper layer formed on the dielectric substrate. The patterned copper layer includes i) contact pads for wire bonding; ii) connector pads for making electrical connection with an electrical connector; and iii) conductor traces between contact pads and corresponding connector pads. A nickel coating is formed on the contact pads and the connector pads, and a gold layer is formed on the nickel coating on the contact pads and the connector pads. A palladium deposit is formed on the gold layer on at least the connector pads.
摘要翻译： 印刷布线构件包括电介质基板; 形成在电介质基板上的图案化铜层。 图案化的铜层包括i）用于引线接合的接触焊盘; ii）用于与电连接器进行电连接的连接器垫; 以及iii）接触焊盘和相应的连接器焊盘之间的导体迹线。 在接触焊盘和连接器焊盘上形成镍涂层，并且在接触焊盘和连接器焊盘上的镍涂层上形成金层。 至少在连接器焊盘上的金层上形成钯沉积物。
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公开(公告)号：US20110128325A1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-02
申请号：US12627133
申请日：2009-11-30
申请人： Samuel Chen , Charles I. Levey
发明人： Samuel Chen , Charles I. Levey
CPC分类号： H05K3/244 , H05K1/0393 , H05K2203/072
摘要： A printed wiring member includes a dielectric substrate; a patterned copper layer formed on the dielectric substrate. The patterned copper layer includes i) contact pads for wire bonding; ii) connector pads for making electrical connection with an electrical connector; and iii) conductor traces between contact pads and corresponding connector pads. A nickel coating is formed on the contact pads and the connector pads, and a gold layer is formed on the nickel coating on the contact pads and the connector pads. A palladium deposit is formed on the gold layer on at least the connector pads.
摘要翻译： 印刷布线构件包括电介质基板; 形成在电介质基板上的图案化铜层。 图案化的铜层包括i）用于引线接合的接触焊盘; ii）用于与电连接器进行电连接的连接器垫; 以及iii）接触焊盘和相应的连接器焊盘之间的导体迹线。 在接触焊盘和连接器焊盘上形成镍涂层，并且在接触焊盘和连接器焊盘上的镍涂层上形成金层。 至少在连接器焊盘上的金层上形成钯沉积物。
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公开(公告)号：US20080122759A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-29
申请号：US11563864
申请日：2006-11-28
申请人： Charles I. Levey
发明人： Charles I. Levey
IPC分类号： G09G3/30
CPC分类号： G09G3/3233 , G09G2320/0295 , G09G2320/043
摘要： A method of compensating for changes in the threshold voltage of the drive transistor of an OLED drive circuit, comprising: providing the drive transistor with a first electrode, second electrode, and gate electrode; connecting a first voltage source to the first electrode, and an OLED device to the second electrode and to a second voltage source; providing a test voltage to the gate electrode of the drive transistor and connecting to the OLED drive circuit a test circuit that includes an adjustable current mirror that causes the voltage applied to the current mirror to be at a first test level; providing a test voltage to the gate electrode of the drive transistor and connecting the test circuit to the OLED device to produce a second test level after the drive transistor and the OLED device have aged; and using the first and second test levels to calculate a change in the voltage applied to the gate electrode of the drive transistor to compensate for aging of the drive transistor.
摘要翻译： 一种补偿OLED驱动电路的驱动晶体管的阈值电压变化的方法，包括：向驱动晶体管提供第一电极，第二电极和栅电极; 将第一电压源连接到第一电极，将OLED器件连接到第二电极和第二电压源; 向所述驱动晶体管的栅电极提供测试电压，并连接到所述OLED驱动电路，所述测试电路包括可调电流镜，所述可调电流镜使施加到所述电流镜的电压处于第一测试电平; 向驱动晶体管的栅电极提供测试电压，并将测试电路连接到OLED器件，以在驱动晶体管和OLED器件老化之后产生第二测试电平; 以及使用第一和第二测试电平来计算施加到驱动晶体管的栅电极的电压的变化，以补偿驱动晶体管的老化。
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公开(公告)号：US08801914B2
公开(公告)日：2014-08-12
申请号：US13116186
申请日：2011-05-26
CPC分类号： H05K3/244 , C23C18/1653 , C25D3/62 , C25D5/14 , H05K1/11 , H05K2203/049
摘要： A method for making a printed wiring member including wire-bondable contact pads and wear-resistant connector pads, the method includes a) providing a blank printed wiring member comprising a copper foil laminated to a dielectric substrate; b) masking the blank printed wiring member to protect regions of the copper foil; c) removing copper in unprotected regions of the blank printed wiring member to form a patterned printed wiring member including contact pads and connector pads; d) depositing a nickel coating on the patterned printed wiring member; e) electrolytically depositing a hard gold layer on the nickel coating; and f) depositing palladium on a surface of the hard gold layer to improve bondability of the contact pads while preserving wear resistance of the connector pads.
摘要翻译： 一种用于制造包括可焊接接触焊盘和耐磨连接器焊盘的印刷线路构件的方法，所述方法包括：a）提供包括层压到电介质基板上的铜箔的空白印刷布线构件; b）掩盖坯料印刷线路构件以保护铜箔的区域; c）在坯料印刷线路构件的未保护区域中去除铜，以形成包括接触垫和连接器垫的图案化印刷线路构件; d）在图案化的印刷线路构件上沉积镍涂层; e）在镍涂层上电解沉积硬金层; 以及f）在硬金层的表面上沉积钯以提高接触焊盘的粘合性，同时保持连接器焊盘的耐磨性。
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公开(公告)号：US20120298517A1
公开(公告)日：2012-11-29
申请号：US13116186
申请日：2011-05-26
IPC分类号： C25D5/02
CPC分类号： H05K3/244 , C23C18/1653 , C25D3/62 , C25D5/14 , H05K1/11 , H05K2203/049
摘要： A method for making a printed wiring member including wire-bondable contact pads and wear-resistant connector pads, the method includes a) providing a blank printed wiring member comprising a copper foil laminated to a dielectric substrate; b) masking the blank printed wiring member to protect regions of the copper foil; c) removing copper in unprotected regions of the blank printed wiring member to form a patterned printed wiring member including contact pads and connector pads; d) depositing a nickel coating on the patterned printed wiring member; e) electrolytically depositing a hard gold layer on the nickel coating; and f) depositing palladium on a surface of the hard gold layer to improve bondability of the contact pads while preserving wear resistance of the connector pads.
摘要翻译： 一种用于制造包括可焊接接触焊盘和耐磨连接器焊盘的印刷线路构件的方法，所述方法包括：a）提供包括层压到电介质基板上的铜箔的空白印刷布线构件; b）掩盖坯料印刷线路构件以保护铜箔的区域; c）在坯料印刷线路构件的未保护区域中去除铜，以形成包括接触垫和连接器垫的图案化印刷线路构件; d）在图案化的印刷线路构件上沉积镍涂层; e）在镍涂层上电解沉积硬金层; 以及f）在硬金层的表面上沉积钯以提高接触焊盘的粘合性，同时保持连接器焊盘的耐磨性。
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公开(公告)号：US20110127233A1
公开(公告)日：2011-06-02
申请号：US12627161
申请日：2009-11-30
申请人： Samuel Chen , Charles I. Levey
发明人： Samuel Chen , Charles I. Levey
IPC分类号： H01B13/00
CPC分类号： H05K3/244 , H05K1/0393 , H05K2203/072
摘要： A method for making a printed wiring member including wire-bondable contact pads and wear-resistant connector pads, the method includes the steps of a) providing a blank printed wiring member comprising a copper foil laminated to a dielectric substrate; b) masking the blank printed wiring member to protect regions of the copper foil; c) removing copper in unprotected regions of the blank printed wiring member to form a patterned printed wiring member including contact pads and connector pads; d) depositing a nickel coating on the patterned printed wiring member using an electroless nickel deposition process; e) depositing a gold layer on the nickel coating using an electroless gold deposition process; and f) depositing palladium on the gold layer using an electroless palladium deposition process to improve wear resistance of the connector pads while preserving bondability of the contact pads.
摘要翻译： 一种用于制造包括可焊接接触焊盘和耐磨连接器焊盘的印刷线路构件的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：a）提供包括层叠在电介质基板上的铜箔的空白印刷布线构件; b）掩盖坯料印刷线路构件以保护铜箔的区域; c）在坯料印刷线路构件的未保护区域中去除铜，以形成包括接触垫和连接器垫的图案化印刷线路构件; d）使用无电镍沉积工艺在所述图案化的印刷线路构件上沉积镍涂层; e）使用无电金沉积工艺在镍涂层上沉积金层; 和f）使用无电镀钯沉积工艺在金层上沉积钯以改善连接器焊盘的耐磨性，同时保持接触焊盘的粘合性。
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公开(公告)号：US20090295423A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-03
申请号：US12128720
申请日：2008-05-29
申请人： Charles I. Levey
发明人： Charles I. Levey
IPC分类号： G01R31/26
CPC分类号： G09G3/006 , G09G3/3233 , G09G3/325 , G09G2300/0439 , G09G2300/0866
摘要： A method of determining characteristics of transistors and electroluminescent devices, includes: providing an electroluminescent display; providing for pairs of electroluminescent devices drive circuits and a single readout line, each drive circuit including a readout transistor electrically connected to the readout line; providing a first voltage source; providing a second voltage source; providing a current source; providing a current sink; providing a test voltage source; providing a voltage measurement circuit; sequentially testing the drive transistors to provide a first signal representative of characteristics of the drive transistor of the first drive circuit and a second signal representative of characteristics of the drive transistor of the second drive circuit, whereby the characteristics of each drive transistor are determined; and simultaneously testing the first and second electroluminescent devices to provide a third signal representative of characteristics of the pair of electroluminescent devices, whereby the characteristics of both electroluminescent devices are determined.
摘要翻译： 一种确定晶体管和电致发光器件的特性的方法，包括：提供电致发光显示器; 提供成对的电致发光器件驱动电路和单个读出线，每个驱动电路包括电连接到读出线的读出晶体管; 提供第一电压源; 提供第二电压源; 提供电流源; 提供电流槽; 提供测试电压源; 提供电压测量电路; 依次测试驱动晶体管以提供表示第一驱动电路的驱动晶体管的特性的第一信号和表示第二驱动电路的驱动晶体管的特性的第二信号，从而确定每个驱动晶体管的特性; 并且同时测试第一和第二电致发光器件以提供表示该对电致发光器件的特性的第三信号，从而确定两个电致发光器件的特性。
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公开(公告)号：US6160958A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-12
申请号：US334377
申请日：1999-06-16
CPC分类号： G03B15/05 , G03B2215/0503 , G03B2215/0571 , H05K1/144
摘要： A tamper resistant electronic flash unit comprising a pair of first and second flash circuit boards arranged parallel to one another in order to have respective inner sides that face towards each other and respective outer sides that face away from each other, an electrical component positioned on the outer side of the first flash circuit board, conductive connections connecting the electrical component to the first flash circuit board and having respective portions exposed on the inner side of the first flash circuit board, and a plurality of spacers holding the first and second flash circuit boards spaced from one another to maintain a narrow gap between the inner sides of the flash circuit boards that is narrow enough to discourage access to the portions of the conductive connections exposed on the inner side of the first flash circuit board, whereby it is difficult to reach the portions of the conductive connection in an attempt to short-circuit the electrical component. A second electrical component can be positioned on top of the electrical component positioned on the outer side of the first flash circuit board. The second electrical component is connected directly to the first flash circuit board to prevent removal of the electrical component positioned on the outer side of the first flash circuit board without having to disconnect the second electrical component from the first flash circuit board.
摘要翻译： 一种防篡改电子闪光灯组件，包括一对彼此平行布置的第一和第二闪光电路板，以便具有彼此面对的相应内侧和相对于彼此远离的相应外侧;电气部件 第一闪光电路板的外侧，将电气部件连接到第一闪光电路板并且具有暴露在第一闪光电路板的内侧上的相应部分的导电连接，以及保持第一和第二闪光电路板的多个间隔件 彼此间隔开，以便在闪光电路板的内侧之间保持窄的间隙，其窄到足以阻止接触暴露在第一闪光电路板的内侧上的导电连接的部分，由此难以到达 导电连接的部分试图使电气部件短路。 第二电气部件可以位于位于第一闪光电路板的外侧上的电气部件的顶部上。 第二电气部件直接连接到第一闪光电路板，以防止位于第一闪光电路板的外侧上的电气部件的移除，而不必将第二电气部件与第一闪光电路板断开。
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