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11.发明授权Lateral electrode type spark plug with geometrical relationships with ground electrode 失效具有与接地电极几何关系的侧面电极型火花塞
公开(公告)号：US6091185A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-18
申请号：US58781
申请日：1998-04-13
摘要： In a spark plug, a cylindrical metal shell (1) is provided whose inner wall has a rear section and a front section to respectively serve as a diameter-increased section and a diameter-decreased section with a seat portion (1) as a boundary therebetween. An insulator (2) is fixedly placed within the metal shell (1) so that a front end surface (21) of the insulator (2) extends beyond a front end surface (12) of the metal shell (1) with a shoulder portion (231) of an insulator nose (23) engaged against the seat portion (11) of the metal shell (1) by way of a packing (10). A center electrode (3) is fixedly placed within an axial bore (22) of the insulator (2), A ground electrode (4) is connected to the front end surface (12) of the metal shell (1), and bent so that a front end surface (41) of the ground electrode (4) opposes an outer surface (311) of the center electrode (3). The outer surface (311) and a front end surface (31) of the center electrode (3) are provided to respectively serve as a firing portion so as to form a spark discharge gap (Go) with the front end surface (41) of the ground electrode (4), the front end surface (41) of the ground electrode (4) forming an air gap (G) with an outer surface (25) of the insulator (2) so as to release creeping spark discharges along a front end surface (21) of the insulator (2).
摘要翻译： 在火花塞中，设置有圆筒形的金属壳（1），其内壁具有后部和前部，分别用作直径增加部分和具有座部（1）作为边界的直径减小部分 之间。 绝缘体（2）被固定地放置在金属壳体（1）内，使得绝缘体（2）的前端表面（21）延伸超出金属壳体（1）的前端表面（12），肩部 （231）通过密封（10）与金属壳（1）的座部（11）接合的绝缘体鼻（23）。 中心电极（3）固定地放置在绝缘体（2）的轴向孔（22）内，接地电极（4）连接到金属外壳（1）的前端表面（12） 接地电极（4）的前端面（41）与中心电极（3）的外表面（311）相对。 设置中心电极（3）的外表面（311）和前端表面（31）以分别用作点火部分，以便与前端表面（41）形成火花放电间隙（Go） 所述接地电极（4），所述接地电极（4）的前端面（41）与所述绝缘体（2）的外表面（25）形成气隙（G），以沿着所述接地电极 绝缘体（2）的前端面（21）。
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公开(公告)号：US6046519A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-04
申请号：US845104
申请日：1997-04-21
申请人： Hiroshi Hanazumi , Kazumasa Yoshida
发明人： Hiroshi Hanazumi , Kazumasa Yoshida
摘要： A stepping motor having high-precision torque formation and stepping angle is able to be produced at a low cost. Cylindrical elastic magnetic members, which cover a first and second set of yokes and have an inner diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the yokes, readily come in tight contact with the yokes and form strong magnetic circuits. The first and second sets of yokes are integrally formed into a bobbin through a nonmagnetic member. Pole teeth of the first set of yokes and pole teeth of the second set of yokes are arranged by shifting at a given angle to each other in the peripheral direction.
摘要翻译： 能够以低成本制造具有高精度的转矩形成和步进角度的步进电动机。 覆盖第一和第二组轭并且具有小于轭的外径的内径的圆柱形弹性磁性构件容易与轭形成紧密接触并形成强磁路。 第一和第二组轭通过非磁性部件一体地形成为线轴。 第二组轭的第一组轭和极齿的极齿通过在周向方向上彼此以给定角度移位而布置。
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13.发明授权Spark plug for use in an internal-combustion engine with a bilayer ground electrode 有权用于具有双层接地电极的内燃机的火花塞公开(公告)号：US08072125B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-06
申请号：US11687828
申请日：2007-03-19
摘要： A spark plug 100 comprised of a metal shell 1, an insulator 2, a center electrode 3 and a ground electrode 4. A rear-end face of the ground electrode 4 is welded to a front-end face of the metal shell 1, and a bent portion 5 located at the intermediated position in the longitudinal direction is bent toward the center of the spark plug 100. The ground electrode 4 assumes a circular-shape with a diameter of 2 mm or less whereby an inflow of an air-fuel mixture is not disturbed even when the air-fuel mixture directly flows into a back face of the ground electrode 4. The ground electrode 4 is comprised of an outer layer 4A made of a nickel alloy and an inner layer 4B made of pure copper with an excellent thermal conductivity, in which a ratio of a cross-sectional area of the inner layer 4B to the entire cross-sectional area of the ground electrode 4 is 10% or more to 35% or less. Thus, the spark plug 100 which is excellent in heat sinking ability and can prevent a spring back phenomenon due to a difference in a coefficient of thermal expansion.
摘要翻译： 由金属壳1，绝缘体2，中心电极3和接地电极4构成的火花塞100.接地电极4的后端面焊接在金属壳1的前端面上， 位于中间位置的弯曲部分5朝向火花塞100的中心弯曲。接地电极4呈直径为2mm或更小的圆形，由此空气 - 燃料混合物 即使当空气 - 燃料混合物直接流入接地电极4的背面时也不会受到干扰。接地电极4包括由镍合金制成的外层4A和由纯铜制成的内层4B，其具有优异的 内层4B的截面积与接地电极4的整个横截面积的比率为10％以上且35％以下的导热率。 因此，具有散热能力优异且能够防止由于热膨胀系数的差异引起的弹回现象的火花塞100。
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公开(公告)号：US07714489B2
公开(公告)日：2010-05-11
申请号：US11545490
申请日：2006-10-11
摘要： A spark plug comprising: a center electrode extending in a direction of an axis of said spark plug; a cylindrical insulator which has a shaft hole, and which holds said center electrode in said shaft hole in a state where a tip end of said center electrode is projected from a tip end face of said insulator; a metal shell which holds said insulator; and a ground electrode in which one end is joined to a tip end face of said metal shell, and which extends from said one end toward another end, wherein said ground electrode has an inner side face which faces said center electrode, and an outer side face which is a back face with respect to said inner side face, said outer side face is formed as an arcuately curved face when viewed from a side of said another end in an extending direction of said ground electrode, and a columnar noble metal tip is joined to said inner side face.
摘要翻译： 一种火花塞，包括：沿所述火花塞的轴线方向延伸的中心电极; 圆柱形绝缘体，其具有轴孔，并且在所述中心电极的前端从所述绝缘体的前端面突出的状态下将所述中心电极保持在所述轴孔中; 保持所述绝缘体的金属外壳; 以及接地电极，其一端接合到所述金属壳的前端面，并且从所述一端向另一端延伸，其中所述接地电极具有面向所述中心电极的内侧面，外侧 面是相对于所述内侧面的背面，当从所述另一端的侧面沿着所述接地电极的延伸方向观察时，所述外侧面形成为弧形弯曲面，柱状贵金属电极头为 连接到所述内侧面。
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公开(公告)号：US07063608B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-20
申请号：US10661631
申请日：2003-09-15
申请人： Kazumasa Yoshida , Kensei Shimura , Tomoharu Kondo
发明人： Kazumasa Yoshida , Kensei Shimura , Tomoharu Kondo
IPC分类号： B24B33/00
摘要： A grinding wheel including: (a) an annular core body which includes a multiplicity of aggregate particles and a resin bond that holds said aggregate particles together; (b) an abrasive layer which is disposed radially outwardly of said annular core body and which includes a multiplicity of abrasive grains and a vitrified bond that holds said abrasive grains together; and (c) an impermeable coating which is formed of a synthetic resin, and which is disposed on said annular core body.
摘要翻译： 一种砂轮，包括：（a）环形芯体，其包括多个聚集颗粒和将所述聚集颗粒保持在一起的树脂粘结; （b）研磨层，其设置在所述环形芯体的径向外侧并且包括多个磨粒和将所述磨粒保持在一起的玻璃化接合; 和（c）由合成树脂形成并且设置在所述环形芯体上的不渗透涂层。
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16.发明授权Method of manufacturing segment-chip-type grinding wheel having large axial length 有权具有较大轴向长度的片段式砂轮的制造方法公开(公告)号：US06846340B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-25
申请号：US10295955
申请日：2002-11-18
摘要： A method of manufacturing a grinding wheel which includes a cylindrical core body and a plurality of part-cylindrical abrasive segment chips bonded to an outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical core body. The method includes: a firing step of firing an unfired part-cylindrical precursor to prepare each part-cylindrical abrasive segment chips, by using a supporting member whose coefficient of thermal expansion is different from that of each abrasive segment chip; and a bonding step of bonding the abrasive segment chips to the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical core body with an adhesive interposed therebetween, by forcing each abrasive segment chip against the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical core body, such that a force acting on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical core body is evenly distributed in an axial direction of the cylindrical core body while the adhesive is being hardened.
摘要翻译： 一种砂轮的制造方法，其特征在于，包括圆筒状的芯体和与筒状芯体的外周面接合的多个部分圆筒状的研磨分段芯片。 该方法包括：通过使用热膨胀系数与每个磨料片芯片的热膨胀系数不同的支撑构件，烧制未烧成的部分圆柱形前体以制备每个部分圆柱形磨料片段的烧制步骤; 以及粘合步骤，通过将每个研磨片芯片迫使所述圆柱形芯体的外圆周表面强制，从而使作用在所述圆筒形芯体的外周表面上的所述研磨片芯片与所述圆柱形芯体的外圆周表面接合， 圆筒形芯体的外圆周表面在粘合剂硬化的同时在圆筒形芯体的轴向均匀分布。
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公开(公告)号：US06208066B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-27
申请号：US09035035
申请日：1998-03-05
IPC分类号： H01T1352
CPC分类号： H01T13/52 , F02B2275/18
摘要： In a semi-creeping discharge type spark plug, a cylindrical metal shell and an insulator are provided, the latter of which has an axial bore and placed within the metal shell so that a front end of the insulator extends beyond the metal shell. A center electrode is placed within the axial bore of the insulator so that a front end surface edge of the center electrode retracts by 0.1˜0.6 mm behind from a front end surface of the insulator. A ground electrode, one end of which is connected to a front end of the metal shell, and the other end of which is bent to oppose an outer surface of the insulator so as to form an air-gap therebetween while permitting creeping spark discharges running along said front end surface of said insulator. A foward edge portion of a front end surface of the ground electrode extends by 0.0˜1.0 mm forward from the front end surface of the insulator.
摘要翻译： 在半爬电式火花塞中，设置有圆柱形金属壳和绝缘体，后者具有轴向孔并且放置在金属壳内，使得绝缘体的前端延伸超出金属壳。 中心电极放置在绝缘体的轴向孔内，使得中心电极的前端表面边缘从绝缘体的前端表面后退0.1〜0.6mm。 接地电极，其一端连接到金属壳的前端，另一端弯曲成与绝缘体的外表面相对，以在其间形成气隙，同时允许蠕变火花放电运行 沿着所述绝缘体的所述前端表面。 接地电极的前端面的前端部从绝缘体的前端面向前方延伸0.0〜1.0mm。
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18.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6095124A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-01
申请号：US144850
申请日：1998-09-01
CPC分类号： H01T13/52
摘要： A spark plug having a center electrode, a ground electrode, and an insulator. The ground electrode has a firing surface formed in a tip end side, and the firing surface is opposed to a side face of the center electrode. The insulator covers the outside of the center electrode and is placed such that a tip end portion is between the side face of the center electrode and the firing surface of the ground electrode. A discharge high voltage is applied across the center electrode and the ground electrode such that a polarity of the center electrode is positive and that of the ground electrode is negative. The high voltage causes a spark discharge to be generated between the firing surface of the ground electrode and a tip end portion of the center electrode.
摘要翻译： 具有中心电极，接地电极和绝缘体的火花塞。 接地电极具有形成在前端侧的烧成面，并且烧成面与中心电极的侧面相对。 绝缘体覆盖中心电极的外侧，并且配置成使得前端部位于中心电极的侧面和接地电极的点火面之间。 在中心电极和接地电极之间施加放电高电压，使得中心电极的极性为正，而接地电极的极性为负。 高电压在接地电极的点火面和中心电极的前端部之间产生火花放电。
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公开(公告)号：US4500614A
公开(公告)日：1985-02-19
申请号：US499884
申请日：1983-06-01
摘要： An alkaline cell is provided which comprises an anode prepared by amalgamating an alloy powder made of zinc and at least two metals selected from the group consisting of gallium, indium and thallium, wherein the amount of mercury is 0.05 to 1.8% by weight based on the weight of zinc. An alkaline cell is also provided which comprises an anode prepared by forming on the particles of a zinc powder an alloy layer made of mercury and at least two metals selected from the group consisting of gallium, indium and thallium, wherein the amount of mercury is 0.05 to 1.80% by weight based on the weight of the zinc powder.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种碱性电池，其包括通过将由锌制成的合金粉末和选自镓，铟和铊中的至少两种金属合并制备的阳极，其中汞的量为0.05至1.8重量％，基于 锌的重量。 还提供了一种碱性电池，其包括通过在锌粉末的颗粒上形成由汞制成的合金层和选自镓，铟和铊中的至少两种金属制备的阳极，其中汞的量为0.05 至1.80重量％，基于锌粉的重量。
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公开(公告)号：US4255498A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-10
申请号：US88620
申请日：1979-10-26
申请人： Kazumasa Yoshida
发明人： Kazumasa Yoshida
摘要： A button-type air cell which comprises:an air cathode prepared by adding a binder to carbon powders mixed with metal chelates;viscous gelled electrolyte set in contact with said air cathode;and wherein the metal chelates include metal phthalocyanines and metal porphyrins; and the metal atom of the metal chelates is symmetrically surrounded by four nitrogen atoms, said metal being cobalt, iron, nickel, manganese or copper.
摘要翻译： 一种钮扣型气囊，其特征在于，包括：通过将粘合剂加入与金属螯合物混合的碳粉末而制备的空气阴极; 设置为与所述空气阴极接触的粘性凝胶电解质; 并且其中所述金属螯合物包括金属酞菁和金属卟啉; 并且金属螯合物的金属原子被四个氮原子对称地包围，所述金属是钴，铁，镍，锰或铜。
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