公开(公告)号：US20090168162A1

公开(公告)日：2009-07-02

申请号：US12087532

申请日：2007-01-12

申请人： Donhee Ham ,  Robert Westervelt ,  Thomas Hunt ,  Yong Liu ,  Hakho Lee

发明人： Donhee Ham ,  Robert Westervelt ,  Thomas Hunt ,  Yong Liu ,  Hakho Lee

IPC分类号： G02B21/26 ,  G02B21/32

CPC分类号： G02B21/34 ,  B01J2219/00653 ,  B01J2219/00655 ,  B01J2219/00659 ,  B01J2219/00702 ,  B01L3/502761 ,  B01L2200/0668 ,  B01L2300/0819 ,  B01L2300/0877 ,  B01L2300/1822 ,  B01L2400/0415 ,  B01L2400/043 ,  G01N15/1463 ,  G02B21/32

摘要： Microscopy methods and apparatus for manipulation, detection, imaging, characterization, sorting and/or assembly of biological or other materials, involving an integration of CMOS or other semiconductor-based technology and microfluidics in connection with a microscope. In one implementation, a microscope including optics and a stage is outfitted with various components relating to the generation of electric and/or magnetic fields, which are implemented on an IC chip. A microfluidic system is fabricated either directly on top of the IC chip, or as a separate entity that is then appropriately bonded to the IC chip, to facilitate the introduction and removal of cells in a biocompatible environment, or other particles/objects of interest suspended in a fluid. The patterned electric and/or magnetic fields generated by the IC chip can trap and move biological cells or other objects inside the microfluidic system to facilitate viewing via the microscope.

摘要翻译： 显微镜方法和用于操纵，检测，成像，表征，分选和/或组装生物或其他材料的装置，涉及CMOS或其他基于半导体的技术和与显微镜相结合的微流体的集成。 在一个实施方式中，包括光学器件和阶段的显微镜配备有与在IC芯片上实现的电场和/或磁场的产生相关的各种组件。 微流体系统直接制造在IC芯片的顶部上，或者作为独立的实体，然后适当地结合到IC芯片，以便于在生物相容性环境或其他感兴趣的其它颗粒/物体中引入和去除细胞悬浮 在流体中。 由IC芯片产生的图案化电场和/或磁场可捕获和移动微流体系统内的生物细胞或其它物体，以便于通过显微镜观察。

公开(公告)号：US07339440B2

公开(公告)日：2008-03-04

申请号：US11222255

申请日：2005-09-08

申请人： David Ricketts ,  Xiaofeng Li ,  Donhee Ham

发明人： David Ricketts ,  Xiaofeng Li ,  Donhee Ham

IPC分类号： H03B5/08

CPC分类号： H03B5/1852 ,  H03B5/1203 ,  H03B5/1228 ,  H03B2200/0092

摘要： Methods and apparatus for implementing stable self-starting and self-sustaining electrical nonlinear pulse (e.g., soliton, cnoidal wave, or quasi-soliton) oscillators. In one example, a nonlinear pulse oscillator is implemented as a closed loop structure that comprises a nonlinear transmission line, an improved high-pass filter, and a nonlinear amplifier configured to provide a self-adjusting gain as a function of an average voltage of the oscillator signal, to provide a pulse waveform having a desired target amplitude. In one implementation, the nonlinear amplifier and high pass filter functions are integrated in a two stage nonlinear amplifier/filter apparatus employing complimentary NMOS and PMOS amplification components and associated filtering and feedback circuitry configured to essentially implement an electric circuit analog of a saturable absorber via an adaptive bias control technique.

摘要翻译： 用于实现稳定的自启动和自持电气非线性脉冲（例如孤子，cnoidal波或准孤子）振荡器的方法和装置。 在一个示例中，非线性脉冲振荡器被实现为包括非线性传输线，改进的高通滤波器和非线性放大器的闭环结构，其被配置为提供作为平均电压的函数的自调节增益 振荡器信号，以提供具有期望目标振幅的脉冲波形。 在一个实现中，非线性放大器和高通滤波器功能集成在采用互补NMOS和PMOS放大组件的两级非线性放大器/滤波器装置中，并且相关联的滤波和反馈电路被配置为基本上通过经由 自适应偏置控制技术。

公开(公告)号：US20060261905A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-23

申请号：US11460312

申请日：2006-07-27

申请人： Donhee Ham ,  William Andress ,  Yong Liu

发明人： Donhee Ham ,  William Andress ,  Yong Liu

IPC分类号： H03B5/18

CPC分类号： H01P3/026 ,  H01P5/02 ,  H03B5/1841 ,  H03B5/1852

摘要： A standing wave oscillator to generate at least one voltage standing wave, comprising a closed-loop coplanar stripline including two conductors, and at least one amplifier disposed between the two conductors at a first location. The two conductors are connected together at a second location different from the first location to provide a zero voltage node for the at least one voltage standing wave. One or more of a tailored distributed amplification scheme, a plurality of linear conductive strips disposed in proximity to the coplanar stripline, and a tapered coplanar stripline configuration may be used with the closed loop structure. A particular amplifier configuration involving cross-coupling of the coplanar stripline conductors may be employed to facilitate single mode operation, using a particular resonator topology so as to avoid inducing significant loss in the oscillator.

摘要翻译： 一种产生至少一个电压驻波的驻波振荡器，包括一个包括两个导体的闭环共面带状线，以及设置在第一位置的两个导体之间的至少一个放大器。 两个导体在不同于第一位置的第二位置处连接在一起，以为至少一个电压驻波提供零电压节点。 一个或多个定制的分布式放大方案，布置在共面带状线附近的多个线性导电条和锥形共面带状线构造可以与闭环结构一起使用。 可以使用涉及共面带状线导体的交叉耦合的特定放大器配置来促进单模操作，使用特定的谐振器拓扑，以避免在振荡器中引起明显的损耗。

公开(公告)号：US20060020371A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-26

申请号：US11105322

申请日：2005-04-13

申请人： Donhee Ham ,  Robert Westervelt ,  Thomas Hunt ,  Yong Liu ,  Hakho Lee

发明人： Donhee Ham ,  Robert Westervelt ,  Thomas Hunt ,  Yong Liu ,  Hakho Lee

IPC分类号： G05B99/00

CPC分类号： G01R33/302 ,  B01L3/502761 ,  B01L2200/0668 ,  B01L2200/147 ,  B01L2300/0816 ,  B01L2300/0819 ,  B01L2300/0877 ,  B01L2300/1822 ,  B01L2300/1827 ,  B01L2400/043 ,  G01N15/1031 ,  G01N24/08 ,  G01N24/10 ,  G01R33/307 ,  G01R33/34092 ,  G01R33/3415 ,  G01R33/465 ,  G01R33/4808 ,  G01R33/5604

摘要： Methods and apparatus for manipulation, detection, imaging, characterization, sorting and/or assembly of biological or other materials, involving an integration of CMOS or other semiconductor-based technology and microfluidics. In one implementation, various components relating to the generation of electric and/or magnetic fields are implemented on an IC chip that is fabricated using standard protocols. The generated electric and/or magnetic fields are used to manipulate and/or detect one or more dielectric and/or magnetic particles and distinguish different types of particles. A microfluidic system is fabricated either directly on top of the IC chip, or as a separate entity that is then appropriately bonded to the IC chip, to facilitate the introduction and removal of cells in a biocompatible environment, or other particles/objects of interest suspended in a fluid. The patterned electric and/or magnetic fields generated by the IC chip can trap and move biological cells or other objects inside the microfluidic system. Electric and/or magnetic field generating components also may be controlled using signals of various frequencies so as to detect one or more cells, particles or objects of interest, and even the type of particle or object of interest, by measuring resonance characteristics associated with interactions between samples and one or more of the field-generating devices. Such systems may be employed in a variety of biological and medical related applications, including cell sorting and tissue assembly.

摘要翻译： 用于操作，检测，成像，表征，分选和/或组装生物或其他材料的方法和装置，涉及CMOS或其他基于半导体的技术和微流体的集成。 在一个实现中，与使用标准协议制造的IC芯片上实现与电场和/或磁场的产生有关的各种组件。 产生的电场和/或磁场用于操纵和/或检测一个或多个电介质和/或磁性颗粒并区分不同类型的颗粒。 微流体系统直接制造在IC芯片的顶部上，或者作为独立的实体，然后适当地结合到IC芯片，以便于在生物相容性环境或其他感兴趣的其它颗粒/物体中引入和去除细胞悬浮 在流体中。 由IC芯片产生的图案化电场和/或磁场可以捕获并移动微流体系统内的生物细胞或其它物体。 可以使用各种频率的信号来控制电场和/或磁场产生组件，以便通过测量与相互作用相关联的共振特性来检测一个或多个感兴趣的细胞，颗粒或感兴趣的物体，甚至是感兴趣的粒子或物体的类型 样本和一个或多个场产生装置之间。 这样的系统可以用于各种生物和医学相关应用，包括细胞分选和组织组装。

公开(公告)号：US08154354B2

公开(公告)日：2012-04-10

申请号：US11991577

申请日：2006-09-06

申请人： David Ricketts ,  Donhee Ham ,  Xiaofeng Li

发明人： David Ricketts ,  Donhee Ham ,  Xiaofeng Li

IPC分类号： H03B5/12

CPC分类号： H03L7/099 ,  H03B5/1221 ,  H03B5/1234 ,  H03B5/1243 ,  H03K5/12

摘要： Methods and apparatus for implementing stable self-starting and self-sustaining high-speed electrical nonlinear pulse (e.g., soliton, cnoidal wave, or quasi-soliton) oscillators. Chip-scale nonlinear pulse oscillator devices may be fabricated using III-V semiconductor materials (e.g., GaAs) to attain soliton pulse widths on the order of a few picoseconds or less (e.g., 1 to 2 picoseconds, corresponding to frequencies of approximately 300 GHz or greater). In one example, a nonlinear pulse oscillator is implemented as a closed loop structure that comprises a nonlinear transmission line and a distributed nonlinear amplifier arrangement configured to provide a self-adjusting gain as a function of an average voltage of the oscillator signal. In another example, a nonlinear oscillator employing a lumped nonlinear amplifier and a nonlinear transmission line in a closed loop arrangement may be used in combination with a two-port nonlinear transmission line that provides additional pulse compression for pulses circulating in the oscillator.

摘要翻译： 用于实现稳定的自启动和自持的高速电非线性脉冲（例如，孤子，cnoidal波或准孤子）振荡器的方法和装置。 可以使用III-V半导体材料（例如，GaAs）来制造芯片级非线性脉冲振荡器器件，以获得大约几皮秒或更小的孤子脉冲宽度（例如，1到2皮秒，对应于大约300GHz的频率 或更大）。 在一个示例中，非线性脉冲振荡器被实现为闭环结构，其包括非线性传输线和配置为提供作为振荡器信号的平均电压的函数的自调节增益的分布式非线性放大器布置。 在另一示例中，采用集总非线性放大器和闭环布置中的非线性传输线的非线性振荡器可以与为在振荡器中循环的脉冲提供额外的脉冲压缩的双端口非线性传输线路组合使用。

公开(公告)号：US07274262B2

公开(公告)日：2007-09-25

申请号：US11460312

申请日：2006-07-27

申请人： Donhee Ham ,  William Franklin Andress ,  Yong Liu

发明人： Donhee Ham ,  William Franklin Andress ,  Yong Liu

IPC分类号： H03B5/18

CPC分类号： H01P3/026 ,  H01P5/02 ,  H03B5/1841 ,  H03B5/1852

摘要： A standing wave oscillator to generate at least one voltage standing wave, comprising a closed-loop coplanar stripline including two conductors, and at least one amplifier disposed between the two conductors at a first location. The two conductors are connected together at a second location different from the first location to provide a zero voltage node for the at least one voltage standing wave. One or more of a tailored distributed amplification scheme, a plurality of linear conductive strips disposed in proximity to the coplanar stripline, and a tapered coplanar stripline configuration may be used with the closed loop structure. A particular amplifier configuration involving cross-coupling of the coplanar stripline conductors may be employed to facilitate single mode operation, using a particular resonator topology so as to avoid inducing significant loss in the oscillator.

摘要翻译： 一种产生至少一个电压驻波的驻波振荡器，包括一个包括两个导体的闭环共面带状线以及在第一位置处设置在两个导体之间的至少一个放大器。 两个导体在不同于第一位置的第二位置处连接在一起，以为至少一个电压驻波提供零电压节点。 一个或多个定制的分布式放大方案，布置在共面带状线附近的多个线性导电条和锥形共面带状线构造可以与闭环结构一起使用。 可以使用涉及共面带状线导体的交叉耦合的特定放大器配置来促进单模操作，使用特定的谐振器拓扑，以避免在振荡器中引起明显的损耗。

公开(公告)号：US07242272B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-10

申请号：US10894717

申请日：2004-07-19

申请人： Donhee Ham ,  William Franklin Andress ,  Yong Liu

发明人： Donhee Ham ,  William Franklin Andress ,  Yong Liu

IPC分类号： H01P3/08

CPC分类号： H01P3/026 ,  H01P5/02 ,  H03B5/1841 ,  H03B5/1852

摘要： Methods and apparatus involving semiconductor devices based on coplanar striplines (CPS). In one example, high-speed microelectronic devices based on coplanar stripline implementations support differential signals in a range of approximately from 1 Gigahertz to at least 60 Gigahertz. In one aspect, CPS-based devices incorporate various features that dramatically increase the quality factor Q of the resulting device. In another aspect, an enhancement of the quality factor Q is achieved while at the same time reducing the phase velocity of one or more waves propagating in the device, thereby also facilitating the fabrication of relatively smaller devices. In yet another aspect, a tapered coplanar stripline configuration results in position-dependent line parameters, which may be exploited to achieve significantly high-Q devices. Examples of CPS-based devices incorporating such features include impedance matching devices, devices for power combining and division, delays, resonators, oscillators, filters, amplifiers, mixers and the like, including CMOS-based implementations of such devices.

摘要翻译： 涉及基于共面带状线（CPS）的半导体器件的方法和装置。 在一个示例中，基于共面带状线实现的高速微电子器件支持在大约1千兆赫到至少60千兆赫的范围内的差分信号。 在一个方面，基于CPS的设备包含大大增加所得设备的质量因子Q的各种特征。 另一方面，实现质量因子Q的增强，同时降低在器件中传播的一个或多个波的相速度，从而也有助于制造相对较小的器件。 在另一方面，锥形共面带状线构造导致位置相关的线参数，其可被利用以实现显着的高Q器件。 包括这种特征的基于CPS的装置的例子包括阻抗匹配装置，用于功率组合和分割的装置，延迟，谐振器，振荡器，滤波器，放大器，混频器等，包括这种装置的基于CMOS的实现。

公开(公告)号：US07091802B2

公开(公告)日：2006-08-15

申请号：US10894674

申请日：2004-07-19

申请人： Donhee Ham ,  William Franklin Andress ,  Yong Liu

发明人： Donhee Ham ,  William Franklin Andress ,  Yong Liu

IPC分类号： H01P3/08 ,  H03B5/18

CPC分类号： H01P3/026 ,  H01P5/02 ,  H03B5/1841 ,  H03B5/1852

摘要： Methods and apparatus for implementing standing wave oscillators (SWOS) using coplanar striplines (CPS). One example is given by a quarter-wavelength (λ/4) coplanar stripline standing wave oscillator (SWO), while another implementation utilizes a closed-loop coplanar stripline configuration. In various aspects, SWOs are configured to optimize sinusoidal performance at high frequencies with low power dissipation by incorporating various features that dramatically increase the quality factor Q of the oscillator. In particular, in one aspect, an amplitude-dependent tailored distributed amplification scheme is employed as a mode control technique using multiple amplifiers having different gains along the length of the coplanar stripline. In another aspect, a coplanar stripline configured such that its resistance per unit length R and conductance per unit length G are discreet or continuous functions of position along the coplanar stripline is employed to reduce SWO losses. In another aspect, an enhancement of the quality factor Q is achieved while at the same time reducing the phase velocity of waves propagating in the SWO, thereby also facilitating the fabrication of relatively smaller devices. In yet another aspect, SWOs are configured with frequency adjustability that is again optimized to reduce power dissipation while facilitating significant adjustments of oscillator frequency.

摘要翻译： 使用共面带状线（CPS）实现驻波振荡器（SWOS）的方法和装置。 一个例子由四分之一波长（λ/ 4）共面带状线驻波振荡器（SWO）给出，而另一个实施方案利用闭环共面带状线配置。 在各个方面，SWO被配置为通过结合各种特征来显着提高振荡器的品质因数Q来优化具有低功耗的高频下的正弦曲线性能。 特别地，在一个方面，采用幅度相关的定制分布放大方案作为使用具有沿着共面带状线长度的不同增益的多个放大器的模式控制技术。 在另一方面，构造为使得其每单位长度R的电阻和每单位长度G的电导的共面带状线被用于减小SWO损耗的沿着共面带状线的位置的谨慎或连续的功能。 另一方面，实现质量因子Q的增强，同时降低在SWO中传播的波的相速度，从而也有助于制造相对较小的装置。 在另一方面，SWO配置有频率可调整性，再次优化以降低功耗，同时有助于振荡器频率的显着调整。

公开(公告)号：US20060114550A1

公开(公告)日：2006-06-01

申请号：US11222255

申请日：2005-09-08

申请人： David Ricketts ,  Xiaofeng Li ,  Donhee Ham

发明人： David Ricketts ,  Xiaofeng Li ,  Donhee Ham

IPC分类号： G02F1/35

CPC分类号： H03B5/1852 ,  H03B5/1203 ,  H03B5/1228 ,  H03B2200/0092

摘要： Methods and apparatus for implementing stable self-starting and self-sustaining electrical nonlinear pulse (e.g., soliton, cnoidal wave, or quasi-soliton) oscillators. In one example, a nonlinear pulse oscillator is implemented as a closed loop structure that comprises a nonlinear transmission line, an improved high-pass filter, and a nonlinear amplifier configured to provide a self-adjusting gain as a function of an average voltage of the oscillator signal, to provide a pulse waveform having a desired target amplitude. In one implementation, the nonlinear amplifier and high pass filter functions are integrated in a two stage nonlinear amplifier/filter apparatus employing complimentary NMOS and PMOS amplification components and associated filtering and feedback circuitry configured to essentially implement an electric circuit analog of a saturable absorber via an adaptive bias control technique.

摘要翻译： 用于实现稳定的自启动和自持电气非线性脉冲（例如孤子，cnoidal波或准孤子）振荡器的方法和装置。 在一个示例中，非线性脉冲振荡器被实现为包括非线性传输线，改进的高通滤波器和非线性放大器的闭环结构，其被配置为提供作为平均电压的函数的自调节增益 振荡器信号，以提供具有期望目标振幅的脉冲波形。 在一个实现中，非线性放大器和高通滤波器功能集成在采用互补NMOS和PMOS放大组件的两级非线性放大器/滤波器装置中，并且相关联的滤波和反馈电路被配置为基本上通过经由 自适应偏置控制技术。