摘要:
A developing device includes (a) a developing member; (b) a developer container; (c) a partition member that partitions an interior of the developer container into a primary chamber and a secondary chamber; and (d) a developer-conveying unit that is disposed in the primary chamber, the developing device defining a collected-toner-receiving port through which a collected toner that is collected from a toner image carrier is received into the developer container; and a migration opening through which a developer held in the primary chamber is migratable to the secondary chamber, the developing device further including (e) a capturing unit that is disposed at the migration opening and captures a foreign material which migrates through the migration opening together with the developer; and (f) a foreign-material-removing unit that is disposed at the developer-conveying unit and moves the foreign material out of the developer container in accordance with the rotation of the developer-conveying.
摘要:
An optical communication network system and a wavelength-routing device and a communication node therefor are provided which can easily increase the optical paths between communication nodes, which are capable of expanding transmission capacity, and which excel in flexibility and expandability. An optical signal within a wavelength band (λBm±Δλm) which has been transmitted from a predetermined communication node (200-1 through 200-4) is subjected to wavelength-band demultiplexing of the wavelength bands by wavelength-band demultiplexers (220-1 through 220-4) of a wavelength-routing device (210), and is then subjected to wavelength-routing by arrayed-waveguide gratings (241 through 244) according to the wavelength bands, and furthermore is multiplexed with optical signals of other wavelength bands by wavelength-band multiplexers (230-1 through 230-4), and after having been outputted, is transmitted to a communication node. In this manner, by varying the wavelength band (λBm±Δλm) of the wavelength of the optical signal which is transmitted from the communication node, it becomes possible to establish a single optical path between the communication nodes for each wavelength band.
摘要翻译:提供了一种光通信网络系统和波长路由设备及其通信节点,其可以容易地增加能够扩展传输容量的通信节点之间的光路,并且其灵活性和可扩展性优异。 已经从预定的通信节点(200-1到200-4)发送的波长带(λB> m / D)中的光信号经受波长 波长路由设备(210)的波长带解复用器(220-1至220-4)对带宽进行带宽解复用,然后根据阵列波导光栅(241至244)进行波长路由,根据 并且还通过波长带复用器(230-1至230-4)与其它波长带的光信号进行多路复用,并且在输出之后被发送到通信节点。 以这种方式,通过改变从通信节点发送的光信号的波长的波长带(λB),可以建立 在每个波长带的通信节点之间的单个光路。
摘要:
A design system of an alignment mark for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes a memory which stores at least mark data including pattern information regarding plural kinds of marks and process data including condition information of manufacturing processes, and a first process simulator which simulates a substrate structure before patterning based on the process data, the substrate structure being formed in an identified manufacturing process. Moreover, the design system includes a second process simulator which simulates a processed shape of an identified mark after the patterning based on the simulated substrate structure and the process data, the mark formed in the manufacturing process, a signal waveform simulator which simulates a detection signal waveform of the mark, the waveform being obtained from the simulated processed shape of the mark, and a signal evaluation device which evaluates a suitability of the mark for the identified manufacturing process based on the simulated detection signal waveform.
摘要:
A fiber optic communication system includes a device of switching and setting wavelength of optical signals used in communication by network-node equipments, which sets the mapping of the wavelength of the optical signal used in communication by the network node equipments, and the input/output ports of an array waveguide grating (AWG), so as to construct a predetermined logical network topology by a plurality of network node equipments which are connected via optical fibers to the array waveguide grating that outputs optical signals inputted to optical input ports, to predetermined optical output ports in accordance with the wavelength thereof. As well as enabling a simple construction, it is easy to realize flexible network design, construction, and operation, and different network groups can also be easily connected to each other. Moreover, a fiber optic communication system having robust security and which can be stably operated even at the time of failure is realized at low cost.
摘要:
A system for making a recipe for each of manufacturing tools used to manufacture products includes a merging unit merging product information for the products and process information for each of manufacturing processes used for the products to make intermediate recipe data, and a making unit making the recipe for each of the manufacturing tools by merging information of the intermediate recipe data and information of a basic recipe including information of parameters, which specify operations of the manufacturing tools and are commonly set in the manufacturing processes.
摘要:
A photomask has a monitoring pattern configured to obtain information required for adjusting optical system of a projection lithography tool. The monitoring pattern encompasses a mask substrate and an asymmetrical diffraction grating delineated on the mask substrate, configured to generate a positive first order diffracted light and a negative first order diffracted light in different diffraction efficiencies. The asymmetrical diffraction grating includes a plurality of probing-phase shifters, disposed periodically on the mask substrate in parallel, and a plurality of opaque strips disposed on light-shielding faces of the probing-phase shifters. An asymmetrically recessed ridge implements each of the probing-phase shifters.
摘要:
A method of producing a unit pattern on a printing cylinder for printing an endless pattern including the steps of: storing pixel signals expressing pixels of an original picture in memory means; distinguishing the pixel signals into first pixel signals which approximate to respective their corresponding pixel signals distant therefrom by a repetition length in a primary scanning direction and second pixel signals which are much different from the same; producing a cutting line extending across the original picture in a secondary scanning direction, said cutting line passing through the pixels of the original picture expressed by the first pixel signals as much as possible; extracting pattern pixel signals which exist between the cutting line and an imaginary line distant therefrom by the repetition length from the pixel signals; smoothing the pattern pixel signals close to the cutting line and the imaginary line; and recording the unit pattern on the printing cylinder on the basis of the smoothed pattern pixel signals.
摘要:
The present invention produces halftone dots which shows smaller fluctuations in size and shape irrespective of variation of the positional relation between the address of screen pattern data and the recording pixels. Displacement F1 through F4 are computed at vertices of a halftone dot region VP1 through VP4. Each of the vertices is shifted to a lattice point of the scanning coordinate systems, and the X-Y coordinates of each lattice point in the scanning coordinate systems are corrected accordingly. The displacement of an arbitrary lattice point A is interpolated from the displacement F1 through F4 on the basis of the distance between each vertex and the lattice point A. As a result, the positional relation between the address of the screen pattern and the position of the recording pixels is maintained constant in the vicinity of the vertices, and this reduces the fluctuations in size and shape of the halftone dots. The center of each halftone dot region can be shifted to a lattice point in the scanning coordinate systems.
摘要:
An image reader using CCD line sensors which effects color correction of three color difference signals resulting from reading of a color original by the CCD line sensors. This image reader employs a plurality of color correction characteristics for enlarging the color difference signals in regions where the color difference signals are large, and limiting enlargement ratios of the color difference signals in regions where the color difference signals are small. A color correction characteristic is selected manually or in accordance with the luminance level of each pixel. Noises appearing in shadow portions are reduced by the color correction based on the limited enlargement ratios of the color difference signals effected in the regions where the color difference signals are small.
摘要:
According to this invention, a waveform data input section inputs sequential discrete waveform data to be observed. A level restricting section determines whether a level of the other data in a predetermined data period including a predetermined number of data continuous to one data of the discrete waveform input data is existed or not within a predeter mined restriction value using a level of the one data as reference level, directly outputs the data when the level of the data is existed within the predetermined restriction value, and restricts the level of the data within the predetermined restriction value to output the data when the level of the data is not existed within the predetermined restriction value. A averaging section averages the predetermined number of data output by the level restricting section. A control section sequentially shifts a sequence of the one data having the reference level in a determining operation of the level restricting section, thereby obtaining output data by smoothing the waveform data to be observed from an averaging section. A display section displays, under the control of the control section, the output data obtained by smoothing the waveform data and output from the averaging section.