摘要:
A low-pressure gas discharge lamp equipped with a gas discharge vessel containing an inert gas filling as the buffer gas, and with electrodes and with means for generating and maintaining a low-pressure gas discharge, is described, wherein the lamp contains at least one tin halide.
摘要:
A high-pressure metal halide discharge lamp which comprises, as filling, only zinc, a halogen and a noble gas. In order to improve the color rendering index, a calcium halide may be added to the lamp filling. The coupling-in of energy preferably takes place without electrodes in the radio-frequency range or in the microwave range, but may also be carried out by means of metal electrodes.
摘要:
The invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp with a discharge vessel having a filling comprising a rare gas, for example argon, mercury, and chlorine, wherein the filling quantities of mercury [Hg] and chlorine [Cl] comply with the following conditions: [Hg].[Cl]≧200 (μmole/cm3)2, [Cl]≦10 μmole/cm3. The condition [Hg].[Cl]≧200 (μmole/cm3)2 achieves HgCl vapor pressures in the discharge sufficient for generating significant radiation components of the B2Σ+-X2Σ+ band system of this molecule. The condition [Cl]≦10 μmole/cm3 serves to limit the chemical aggressiveness of the chlorine filling, in particular to limit the attacks on the wall and electrodes and thus to achieve longer lamp lives. The addition of chlorine-binding metals, in particular of germanium, leads to a further improvement in the radiation and life properties of the lamp.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及具有放电容器的高压放电灯,其具有包含稀有气体(例如氩气,汞和氯)的填充物,其中汞[Hg]和氯[Cl]的填充量符合以下条件 :<?in-line-formula description =“In-line formula”end =“lead”?> [Hg]。[Cl]> = 200(mumole / cm 3) SUP>,<?in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“tail”?> <?in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“lead”?> Cl] <=10μM/ CM 3。 <?in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“tail”?>条件[Hg]。[Cl]> = 200(mumole / cm 3) 2在该放电中实现了HgCl蒸气压,足以产生B 2 S 2 O 2 -SX 2 S 2 S 2的显着辐射分量, SUP> + SUP>带系统。 条件[Cl] <= 10μMOLE/ CM 3 3用于限制氯填充的化学侵蚀性,特别是限制对壁和电极的攻击,从而实现更长的灯寿命。 氯结合金属,特别是锗的添加导致灯的辐射和寿命特性的进一步改善。
摘要:
The invention relates to a high-pressure discharge lamp with a discharge vessel having a filling comprising—a rare gas, for example argon, —mercury, and —chlorine, wherein the filling quantities of mercury [Hg] and chlorine [Cl] comply with the following conditions: —[Hg](E[Cl]3 200 (μmole/cm3)2, —[Cl] £ 10 μmole/cm3. The condition [Hg](E[Cl]3 200 (μmole/cm3)2 achieves HgCl vapor pressures in the discharge sufficient for generating significant radiation components of the B2S+−X2S+ band system of this molecule. The condition [Cl] £ 10 μmole/cm3 serves to limit the chemical aggressiveness of the chlorine filling, in particular to limit the attacks on the wall and electrodes and thus to achieve longer lamp lives. The addition of chlorine-binding metals, in particular of germanium, leads to a further improvement in the radiation and life properties of the lamp.
摘要:
The invention relates to a high-pressure gas-discharge lamp, having at least one gastight fused press-seal between a glasslike material and molybdenum, wherein the molybdenum in the fused press-seal is at least partly exposed to an oxidizing environment and at least that part of the molybdenum that is exposed to the oxidizing environment is covered with a coating, and the coating comprises at least one oxide from among Fe2O3, Ta2O5, Nb2O5, Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, ZrO2, HfO2, and/or one nitride from among TiN, ZrN, HfN, AlN, BN, and/or one carbide from among TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC, TaC, B4C.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及一种高压气体放电灯,其在玻璃状材料和钼之间具有至少一个气密熔融压力密封,其中熔融压力密封中的钼至少部分暴露于氧化环境,并且至少 暴露于氧化环境的钼的那部分被涂层覆盖,并且该涂层包含至少一种氧化物,从Fe 2 O 3 O 3,Ta 2 O> 5,Nb 2 O 5,Al 2 O 3, / SUB,SiO 2,TiO 2,ZrO 2,HfO 2,和/或一种氮化物 TiN,ZrN,HfN,AlN,BN,和/或TiC,ZrC,HfC,VC,NbC,TaC,B4C中的一种碳化物。
摘要:
An optical sensor (600) for detecting the movement of an object relative to the position of the optical sensor (600), using self-mixing interference, is described. The optical sensor (600) comprises a laser (100), a detector (200) and a filter device (500). The filter device (500) suppresses measurement signals generated by means of the detector (200) when movements of the object at a velocity below a defined threshold value cause the measurement signals. The optical sensor (600) may be used in a switch in order to enable selective switching depending on the velocity of the movement of the object.
摘要:
A gas discharge lamp (1) equipped with a gas discharge vessel (2) enclosing a gas filling, said gas filling comprising a chalcogen selected from the group of sulfur, selenium or tellurium or a compound thereof, and with means for igniting and maintaining a gas discharge, comprising an electrode assembly (6-9) disposed in the discharge vessel, the electron-emissive material (9) of the electrode assembly comprising iridium or an alloy of iridium, providing a long-lived, efficient, compact, and high intensity white light source for applications such as general and professional illumination.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method for generating nitric oxide, which comprises the steps of: providing a precursor solution comprising a nitric oxide precursor in a first reservoir (12), guiding the precursor solution through a reaction chamber (16), thereby subjecting the precursor solution to radiation to generate nitric oxide, guiding the generated nitric oxide out of the reaction chamber (16) by a stream of carrier gas, and guiding the reacted solution into a second reservoir (14). The method according to the invention provides a method of generating nitric oxide, or a flow of nitric oxide comprising gas, in which the concentration of the nitric oxide may be kept especially constant. Also claimed is an apparatus for generating nitric oxide comprising reservoirs for the precursor solution and the reacted solution and a reaction chamber.
摘要:
The invention relates to a membrane system which is particular suitable for oxygen generation. It comprises a membrane (14), and a porous substrate (12) for supporting the membrane (14), wherein the substrate (12) comprises pillars (15) and defined channels (16) for bringing a gas in controlled contact with the membrane (14). This membrane system (10) allows a gas flux and is furthermore applicable for small and light devices.
摘要:
The invention relates to a method of separating oxygen from an oxygen containing gas, said method comprising the steps of: compressing and heating the oxygen containing gas in a plasma pump (16), guiding the heated and compressed oxygen containing gas to the primary side of a dense inorganic membrane (58), thereby heating the inorganic membrane by the oxygen containing gas to a temperature at which it is permeable for oxygen, and creating a pressure difference between the primary side and a secondary side of the inorganic membrane (58), wherein an oxygen flow through the inorganic membrane (58) is created, thereby separating the oxygen from the oxygen containing gas.