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公开(公告)号：US07652257B2
公开(公告)日：2010-01-26
申请号：US11763550
申请日：2007-06-15
申请人： Wen Li , Scott Stephen Zelakiewicz
发明人： Wen Li , Scott Stephen Zelakiewicz
IPC分类号： G01T1/24
CPC分类号： G01T1/2018 , H01L27/1463 , H01L27/14663 , H01L31/107
摘要： A solid-state photomultiplier (SSPM) includes an optical isolation structure therein. The SSPM includes a substrate and an epitaxial diode layer positioned on the substrate. A plurality of avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are fabricated on the epitaxial diode layer and the optical isolation structure is positioned about the plurality of APDs to separate each of the plurality of APDs from adjacent APDs. The optical isolation structure contains at least one of a light absorbing material and a light reflecting material deposited therein to reduce optical crosstalk and dark count rate in the SSPM.
摘要翻译： 固态光电倍增管（SSPM）包括其中的光隔离结构。 SSPM包括位于衬底上的衬底和外延二极管层。 在外延二极管层上制造多个雪崩光电二极管（APD），并且光隔离结构围绕多个APD定位以将多个APD中的每一个与相邻的APD分离。 光隔离结构包含沉积在其中的光吸收材料和光反射材料中的至少一种，以减少SSPM中的光串扰和暗计数率。
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12.发明申请METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION FOR A SYNTHETIC APERTURE GAMMA RAY IMAGER 有权用于合成孔径伽马射线成像器的图像重建的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US20090297058A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-03
申请号：US12332439
申请日：2008-12-11
CPC分类号： G03B42/02
摘要： An imaging system includes a platform having mounted thereon an imaging device. The imaging device includes a first detector and a second detector. The imaging system includes a mask having a first pattern of apertures therein, the mask positioned on a first side of the first detector, an anti-mask having a second pattern of apertures therein, wherein the second pattern is derived from the first pattern, the anti-mask positioned on a first side of the second detector, and a computer configured to acquire a plurality of mask datasets and anti-mask datasets of a gamma source, add one of the mask datasets and subtract its respective anti-mask dataset to create a far-field dataset, adjust the far-field image dataset, reconstruct a near-field image of the source using the far-field dataset, and apply an expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to one of the far-field image dataset and the near-field image to enhance contrast.
摘要翻译： 成像系统包括其上安装有成像装置的平台。 成像装置包括第一检测器和第二检测器。 所述成像系统包括掩模，所述掩模具有其中的孔的第一图案，所述掩模位于所述第一检测器的第一侧上，所述掩模具有第二图案孔，其中所述第二图案是从所述第一图案得到的， 反掩模位于第二检测器的第一侧，以及计算机，被配置为获取伽马源的多个掩模数据集和反掩模数据集，添加掩模数据集之一并减去其各自的防掩模数据集以创建 远场数据集，调整远场图像数据集，使用远场数据集重建源的近场图像，并将期望最大化（EM）算法应用于远场图像数据集和 近场图像增强对比度。
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公开(公告)号：US07208742B1
公开(公告)日：2007-04-24
申请号：US11300796
申请日：2005-12-15
IPC分类号： G01T1/20
CPC分类号： G01T1/2018
摘要： A photodetector for X-ray applications is disclosed incorporating a photodiode design with reduced leakage at each pixel location. The photodiode is of a reduced surface area and has a peripheral edge of reduced length. The length may be minimized by making the photodiode round. The diode is surrounded by a reflective layer that may act as a contact for the diode. Photons are reflected by the reflective layer back towards the reduced area diode to maintain good sensitivity. The reflective/contact layer may form a capacitor with another contact layer by disposing a dielectric layer therebetween, thereby increasing the effective capacitance of the photodiode.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于X射线应用的光电检测器，其结合光电二极管设计，在每个像素位置具有减少的泄漏 光电二极管具有减小的表面积并且具有减小长度的周边边缘。 可以通过使光电二极管圆形化来减小长度。 二极管被可以用作二极管的触点的反射层包围。 光子被反射层反射回减小区域二极管以保持良好的灵敏度。 反射/接触层可以通过在其间布置介电层而与另一接触层形成电容器，从而增加光电二极管的有效电容。
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公开(公告)号：US08923484B2
公开(公告)日：2014-12-30
申请号：US13602080
申请日：2012-08-31
申请人： Yun Zou , Scott Stephen Zelakiewicz , Floribertus P. M. Heukensfeldt Jansen , Jeffrey Wayne Eberhard , Fengfeng Tao , Timothy Powers , Thomas Edmund Sjoberg
发明人： Yun Zou , Scott Stephen Zelakiewicz , Floribertus P. M. Heukensfeldt Jansen , Jeffrey Wayne Eberhard , Fengfeng Tao , Timothy Powers , Thomas Edmund Sjoberg
CPC分类号： H01J35/28 , H01J35/025 , H01J35/14
摘要： A motion correction system and method for motion correction for an x-ray tube is presented. One embodiment of the motion correction system includes a sensing unit coupled to an x-ray tube to determine a distance with which an impingement location of an electron beam generated by the x-ray tube deviates from a determined location due to motion of the x-ray tube. The motion correction system further includes a control unit coupled to the sensing unit to generate a control signal corresponding to the distance with which the impingement location of the electron beam deviates. Also, the motion correction system includes a deflection unit coupled to the control unit to steer the electron beam to the determined location based on the generated control signal.
摘要翻译： 提出了用于X射线管的运动校正系统和运动校正方法。 运动校正系统的一个实施例包括耦合到X射线管的感测单元，以确定由x射线管产生的电子束的冲击位置由于X射线管的运动而偏离确定的位置的距离， 射线管。 运动校正系统还包括耦合到感测单元的控制单元，以产生对应于电子束的冲击位置偏离的距离的控制信号。 此外，运动校正系统包括耦合到控制单元的偏转单元，以基于所生成的控制信号将电子束转向确定的位置。
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公开(公告)号：US20130322602A1
公开(公告)日：2013-12-05
申请号：US13485371
申请日：2012-05-31
IPC分类号： H01J35/14
CPC分类号： H01J35/16 , H01J2235/166
摘要： An x-ray tube is presented. One embodiment of the x-ray tube includes a cathode unit configured to emit electrons. The x-ray tube further includes an anode unit positioned to receive the emitted electrons, wherein the anode unit includes a base having a target surface configured to generate x-rays when the emitted electrons impinge on the target surface. Also, the anode unit includes a first shielding unit enclosing the base to attenuate at least a first portion of the generated x-rays within the anode unit.
摘要翻译： 介绍了X射线管。 X射线管的一个实施例包括被配置为发射电子的阴极单元。 X射线管还包括定位成接收发射的电子的阳极单元，其中阳极单元包括具有被配置为当发射的电子撞击目标表面时产生X射线的目标表面的基底。 而且，阳极单元包括第一屏蔽单元，该第一屏蔽单元封装基底以衰减阳极单元内的所产生的X射线的至少第一部分。
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16.发明授权Method and apparatus for image reconstruction for a synthetic aperture gamma ray imager 有权用于合成孔径伽马射线成像仪的图像重建的方法和装置公开(公告)号：US08080800B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-20
申请号：US12332439
申请日：2008-12-11
CPC分类号： G03B42/02
摘要： An imaging system includes a platform having mounted thereon an imaging device. The imaging device includes a first detector and a second detector. The imaging system includes a mask having a first pattern of apertures therein, the mask positioned on a first side of the first detector, an anti-mask having a second pattern of apertures therein, wherein the second pattern is derived from the first pattern, the anti-mask positioned on a first side of the second detector, and a computer configured to acquire a plurality of mask datasets and anti-mask datasets of a gamma source, add one of the mask datasets and subtract its respective anti-mask dataset to create a far-field dataset, adjust the far-field image dataset, reconstruct a near-field image of the source using the far-field dataset, and apply an expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to one of the far-field image dataset and the near-field image to enhance contrast.
摘要翻译： 成像系统包括其上安装有成像装置的平台。 成像装置包括第一检测器和第二检测器。 所述成像系统包括掩模，所述掩模具有其中的孔的第一图案，所述掩模位于所述第一检测器的第一侧上，所述掩模具有第二图案孔，其中所述第二图案是从所述第一图案得到的， 反掩模位于第二检测器的第一侧，以及计算机，被配置为获取伽马源的多个掩模数据集和反掩模数据集，添加掩模数据集之一并减去其各自的防掩模数据集以创建 远场数据集，调整远场图像数据集，使用远场数据集重建源的近场图像，并将期望最大化（EM）算法应用于远场图像数据集和 近场图像增强对比度。
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17.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07999236B2
公开(公告)日：2011-08-16
申请号：US11704827
申请日：2007-02-09
申请人： Daniel Bruno McDevitt , Jeffrey Wayne Eberhard , Bernhard Erich Hermann Claus , Scott Stephen Zelakiewicz , Joseph Bendahan
发明人： Daniel Bruno McDevitt , Jeffrey Wayne Eberhard , Bernhard Erich Hermann Claus , Scott Stephen Zelakiewicz , Joseph Bendahan
CPC分类号： G01T3/08 , G01T1/202 , G01T3/06 , G01V5/0091
摘要： Dual modality detection devices and methods are provided for detecting nuclear material, the devices include a neutron detector including multiple neutron detection modules; and a gamma detector including multiple gamma detection modules, where the multiple neutron detection modules and the multiple gamma detection modules are integrated together in a single unit to detect simultaneously both gamma rays and neutrons.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于检测核材料的双重模态检测装置和方法，该装置包括具有多个中子检测模块的中子检测器; 以及包括多个伽马检测模块的伽马检测器，其中多个中子检测模块和多个伽马检测模块以单个单元集成在一起以同时检测伽马射线和中子。
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公开(公告)号：US20080308738A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-18
申请号：US11763550
申请日：2007-06-15
申请人： Wen Li , Scott Stephen Zelakiewicz
发明人： Wen Li , Scott Stephen Zelakiewicz
IPC分类号： G01T1/24
CPC分类号： G01T1/2018 , H01L27/1463 , H01L27/14663 , H01L31/107
摘要： A solid-state photomultiplier (SSPM) includes an optical isolation structure therein. The SSPM includes a substrate and an epitaxial diode layer positioned on the substrate. A plurality of avalanche photodiodes (APDs) are fabricated on the epitaxial diode layer and the optical isolation structure is positioned about the plurality of APDs to separate each of the plurality of APDs from adjacent APDs. The optical isolation structure contains at least one of a light absorbing material and a light reflecting material deposited therein to reduce optical crosstalk and dark count rate in the SSPM.
摘要翻译： 固态光电倍增管（SSPM）包括其中的光隔离结构。 SSPM包括位于衬底上的衬底和外延二极管层。 在外延二极管层上制造多个雪崩光电二极管（APD），并且光隔离结构围绕多个APD定位以将多个APD中的每一个与相邻的APD分离。 光隔离结构包含沉积在其中的光吸收材料和光反射材料中的至少一种，以减少SSPM中的光串扰和暗计数率。
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公开(公告)号：US20100104064A1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-29
申请号：US12256755
申请日：2008-10-23
IPC分类号： G01N23/04
CPC分类号： G01T1/169
摘要： A system for threat detection is provided. The system includes an imaging detector configured to detect radiation originating from at least one source of radiation over a pre-determined period of time or distance traveled. The system also includes a processor coupled to the imaging detector. The processor is configured to backproject the radiation detected onto multiple points in world space via an image reconstruction technique. The processor is also configured to generate a first set of image pixels identifying a location of the source of radiation corresponding to each of the points in world space, wherein the first set of image pixels indicate presence of all possible sources of radiation. The processor is further configured to generate a second set of image pixels from the radiation backprojected, identifying only one or more potential sources of threat via a threat detection algorithm.
摘要翻译： 提供了威胁检测系统。 该系统包括成像检测器，被配置为在预定的时间段或行驶距离上检测源自至少一个辐射源的辐射。 该系统还包括耦合到成像检测器的处理器。 处理器被配置为经由图像重建技术将检测到的辐射反向投影到世界空间中的多个点。 处理器还被配置为生成识别对应于世界空间中的每个点的辐射源的位置的第一组图像像素，其中第一组图像像素指示所有可能的辐射源的存在。 处理器还被配置为从反辐射的辐射中生成第二组图像像素，通过威胁检测算法仅识别一个或多个潜在的威胁来源。
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20.发明申请APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION FOR A SYNTHETIC APERTURE GAMMA RAY IMAGER 有权用于合成孔径伽马射线成像器的图像重建的装置和方法公开(公告)号：US20090310747A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-17
申请号：US12348440
申请日：2009-01-05
CPC分类号： G03B42/02
摘要： An imaging system includes a platform having mounted thereon a coded-aperture imaging device and positioned to receive radiation over a baseline, and a computer configured to acquire a plurality of far-field datasets over the baseline, the plurality of far-field datasets comprising data received via the coded-aperture imaging device, form a first image from the plurality of far-field datasets, and form a second image if the first image indicates presence of a source, the second image formed from the plurality of far-field datasets using an estimated source location from the first image and thereby having a higher contrast than the first image.
摘要翻译： 成像系统包括其上安装有编码孔径成像装置并被定位成在基线上接收辐射的平台以及被配置为在基线上获取多个远场数据集的计算机，所述多个远场数据集包括数据 通过编码孔径成像装置接收，形成来自多个远场数据集的第一图像，并且如果第一图像指示源的存在，则形成第二图像，由多个远场数据集形成的第二图像使用 来自第一图像的估计源位置，从而具有比第一图像更高的对比度。
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