公开(公告)号：US4374334A

公开(公告)日：1983-02-15

申请号：US246541

申请日：1981-03-23

申请人： William E. Engeler

发明人： William E. Engeler

IPC分类号： G01R19/00 ,  H01L29/768 ,  H03K5/24 ,  H01L29/78

CPC分类号： H01L29/768 ,  G01R19/0038 ,  H03K5/249

摘要： A first surface charge transistor and a second surface charge transistor are provided in a common substrate. During a first phase of a cycle of operation a first voltage signal is applied to the transfer gate of the first transistor and a second voltage signal is applied to the transfer gate of the second transistor. During a second phase of the cycle of operation, the first voltage signal is applied to the transfer gate of the second transistor and the second voltage signal is applied to the transfer gate of the first transistor. During the first phase the source region and the transfer gate region of each of the transistors are equilibrated. The receiver regions or nodes of each of the transistors are precharged and then floated or isolated. During the second phase of the cycle, the receiver nodes accumulate an amount of charge proportional to the change of voltage resulting from the switching of the signals. Charge is received, however, only if a transfer gate becomes more positive (for n-channel transistors). The receiver node associated with the more positive signal in the first phase of operation will therefore remain charged while the receiver node associated with the more negative signal will be discharged, by transfer of charge, toward ground. The extent of the potential change is proportional to the difference between the two voltage signals and the gain of the surface charge transistors.

摘要翻译： 第一表面电荷晶体管和第二表面电荷晶体管设置在公共衬底中。 在操作周期的第一阶段期间，将第一电压信号施加到第一晶体管的传输栅极，并且第二电压信号施加到第二晶体管的传输栅极。 在操作周期的第二阶段期间，第一电压信号被施加到第二晶体管的传输栅极，第二电压信号被施加到第一晶体管的传输栅极。 在第一阶段期间，每个晶体管的源极区域和转移栅极区域被平衡。 每个晶体管的接收器区域或节点被预充电然后漂浮或隔离。 在周期的第二阶段期间，接收器节点累积与由信号切换产生的电压变化成比例的电荷量。 然而，只有传输门变得更正（对于n沟道晶体管），才接收电荷。 因此，与第一阶段的正信号相关联的接收机节点将保持充电，而与更负的信号相关联的接收机节点将通过向地面传送电荷而被放电。 电位变化的程度与两个电压信号之间的差值和表面电荷晶体管的增益成正比。

公开(公告)号：US4155259A

公开(公告)日：1979-05-22

申请号：US908907

申请日：1978-05-24

申请人： William E. Engeler

发明人： William E. Engeler

IPC分类号： A61B8/00 ,  G01N29/06 ,  G01N29/26 ,  G01S7/52 ,  G01S15/89 ,  G01N29/00

CPC分类号： B82Y15/00 ,  G01N29/0645 ,  G01N29/262 ,  G01S15/8922 ,  G01S7/5206

摘要： A B-scan ultrasound probe imaging system including an array of annular transducers is described in which dynamic focussing is provided by coherent demodulation of the echo signals generated in the transducers. As the range from which echoes are being received increases, coherent demodulation is maintained. The system provides improved lateral resolution over a greatly extended useful range.

摘要翻译： 描述了包括环形换能器阵列的B扫描超声探针成像系统，其中动态聚焦通过在换能器中产生的回波信号的相干解调来提供。 随着正在接收回波的范围增加，保持相干解调。 该系统在大大延长的有用范围内提供了改进的横向分辨率。

公开(公告)号：US4084256A

公开(公告)日：1978-04-11

申请号：US751122

申请日：1976-12-16

申请人： William E. Engeler ,  Howard S. Goldberg

发明人： William E. Engeler ,  Howard S. Goldberg

IPC分类号： G06G7/16 ,  G06G7/19

CPC分类号： G06G7/16 ,  G06G7/1907

摘要： An analog multiplier for multiplying each sample of an input sequence of samples of an analog signal by a respective multiplying coefficient of a series of coefficients is provided. The multiplier includes a plurality of charge storage cells, each cell including a first and a second storage region. Means are provided for introducing into each of the charge storage cells a respective quantity of charge representing a respective sample of a signal. The quantity of charge is divided between the first and second storage regions of a cell in proportion to the ratio of the width of the first storage region to width of the second storage region thereof. Means are provided for altering the charge in each of the second storage regions of each of the cells. Means are provided for recovering from each of the cells a respective resultant quantity of charge stored therein, each resultant quantity being the sum of the initially introduced charge in the first storage region and the altered charge in second storage region of a respective cell. Thus, each resultant quantity of charge represents the product of an analog input sample multiplied by a respective multiplying coefficient corresponding to the relative values of the widths of the first and second storage regions of a cell.

公开(公告)号：US4048525A

公开(公告)日：1977-09-13

申请号：US609496

申请日：1975-09-02

申请人： Howard S. Goldberg ,  William E. Engeler

发明人： Howard S. Goldberg ,  William E. Engeler

IPC分类号： G11C27/04 ,  H01L29/768 ,  H03H15/02 ,  H03K5/20 ,  G11C19/28 ,  H03H7/10 ,  H03K5/08

CPC分类号： H03H15/02 ,  G11C27/04 ,  H01L29/76816

摘要： The output circuit includes a high gain differential amplifier having an inverting input terminal, a non-inverting input terminal and an output terminal with a feedback capacitance connected between the output terminal and the inverting input terminal. The input terminals are connected to first and second commonly phased lines of the charge transfer transversal filter. A first switchable impedance means is connected between the first line and the output terminal. A second switchable impedance means is connected between the second line and a d-c source of voltage. The lines are charged periodically to the voltage of the source by the first and second switchable impedance means prior to the transfer of charge in a cycle of operation of the filter and are then isolated from the source during the transfer of charge in the filter by the first and second switchable impedance means.

摘要翻译： 输出电路包括具有反相输入端子，非反相输入端子和连接在输出端子和反相输入端子之间的反馈电容器的输出端子的高增益差分放大器。 输入端子连接到电荷转移横向滤波器的第一和第二共同相位线。 第一可切换阻抗装置连接在第一线路和输出端子之间。 第二可切换阻抗装置连接在第二线路和d-c电压源之间。 在滤波器的操作周期中，在电荷转移之前，线路通过第一和第二可切换阻抗装置周期性地被充电到电源电压，然后在滤波器中的电荷转移期间与源极隔离 第一和第二可切换阻抗装置。

公开(公告)号：US4032948A

公开(公告)日：1977-06-28

申请号：US331483

申请日：1973-02-12

申请人： William E. Engeler ,  Jerome J. Tiemann

发明人： William E. Engeler ,  Jerome J. Tiemann

IPC分类号： H01L29/768 ,  H01L27/10 ,  H01L29/78

CPC分类号： H01L29/76808

摘要： Methods for storing and transferring electrical charges between adjacently spaced storage regions in semiconductor substrate are disclosed. In one embodiment, a plurality of adjacently spaced conductor members are insulatingly disposed over a major surface of a semiconductor substrate. Each storage region is separated from each other storage region by an electrical barrier region underlying the spacing between the adjacent conductor members. These barrier regions are controllably lowered by an electrode interposed between adjacent conductor members. Electrical charges stored in one storage region are transferred to an adjacent storage region by applying a voltage signal to the interposed electrode to lower the barrier region between the adjacent storage regions. Direction of charge transfer is controlled by the relative surface potentials of the adjacent storage regions and the magnitude of transfer is controlled by the height of the barrier region when lowered. Means for transferring partial charges are disclosed along with means for periodically regenerating charges to a predetermined level. Methods for transferring electrical charges with high efficiency of transfer are also disclosed.

公开(公告)号：US4005377A

公开(公告)日：1977-01-25

申请号：US609414

申请日：1975-09-02

申请人： William E. Engeler

发明人： William E. Engeler

IPC分类号： G11C19/28 ,  H01L29/768 ,  H03H15/02 ,  H03H7/28 ,  H01L29/10 ,  H01L29/78 ,  H03K25/02

CPC分类号： H01L29/76866 ,  G11C19/287 ,  H03H15/02

摘要： In a charge transfer transversal filter a substrate of one conductivity type semiconductor material is provided. A plurality of electrodes insulatingly overlie the substrate and form therewith a plurality of stages of a charge transfer shift register. One electrode of each of the stages is split into a first and a second part with a small gap therebetween. A region of opposite conductivity type is provided in the substrate underlying each of the gaps to electrically couple the pair of storage regions underlying each of the one electrodes. A first clock line is connected to the first parts of the one electrodes. A second clock line is connected to the second parts of the one electrodes. Means are provided for applying phase related voltage to each of the stages of the shift register to effect transfer of charge from stage to stage. The same voltage is applied to the first and second clock lines.

摘要翻译： 在电荷转移横向滤波器中，提供一种导电型半导体材料的衬底。 多个电极绝缘地覆盖在衬底上并与其形成多个级的电荷转移移位寄存器。 每个级的一个电极被分成具有小间隙的第一和第二部分。 在每个间隙下方的衬底中提供相反导电类型的区域，以电耦合一个电极下面的一对存储区域。 第一时钟线连接到一个电极的第一部分。 第二时钟线连接到一个电极的第二部分。 提供了用于向移位寄存器的每个级施加相位相关电压以实现电荷从阶段到阶段的转移的装置。 相同的电压施加到第一和第二时钟线。

公开(公告)号：US5477859A

公开(公告)日：1995-12-26

申请号：US387519

申请日：1995-02-13

申请人： William E. Engeler

发明人： William E. Engeler

IPC分类号： G01S7/52 ,  G10K11/34 ,  A61B8/00

CPC分类号： G10K11/346 ,  G01S7/52047

摘要： An ultrasonic imaging system beamforming architecture comprises a fixed wideband preprocessor section followed by a reduced number of dynamically adjusted delay channels. The preprocessor includes a transform beamformer with spatial filtering followed by a delay beamformer. Each transform preprocessor provides transformation of the local array space data into beam space. One, or combinations, of these beams may then be selected as input signals to an inverse transform which converts the beam space data back into array space data. This re-establishes the spatial array, but with a reduced directional view, allowing an inverse transform of reduced size to be used for the reconstruction. The result is a decrease in the number of channels required by the remainder of the beamformer. If the beam direction specified in the preprocessor sections is different from that specified in the channel delay processor, a resulting error that causes spurious beams to be formed in unwanted directions is mitigated by forming a spatial filter in each preprocessor section using adjacent channel information.

摘要翻译： 超声波成像系统波束成形架构包括固定宽带预处理器部分，随后是减少数量的动态调整的延迟信道。 预处理器包括具有空间滤波的变换波束形成器，后跟延迟波束形成器。 每个变换预处理器提供局部阵列空间数据到波束空间的转换。 然后可以将这些光束的一个或组合选择为将光束空间数据转换回阵列空间数据的逆变换的输入信号。 这重新建立了空间阵列，但是具有减小的方向性视图，允许减小尺寸的逆变换用于重建。 结果是波束形成器的其余部分所需的信道数量减少。 如果在预处理器部分中指定的波束方向与在信道延迟处理器中指定的波束方向不同，则通过使用相邻信道信息在每个预处理器部分中形成空间滤波器来减轻在不想要的方向上形成杂散波束的结果误差。

公开(公告)号：US5349525A

公开(公告)日：1994-09-20

申请号：US2000

申请日：1993-01-08

申请人： Robert J. Dunki-Jacobs ,  Anne L. Hall ,  Richard B. Bernardi ,  Matthew O'Donnell ,  Lewis J. Thomas ,  Kenneth B. Welles, II ,  William E. Engeler

发明人： Robert J. Dunki-Jacobs ,  Anne L. Hall ,  Richard B. Bernardi ,  Matthew O'Donnell ,  Lewis J. Thomas ,  Kenneth B. Welles, II ,  William E. Engeler

IPC分类号： G01S7/526 ,  G01S7/52 ,  G01S15/52 ,  G01S15/58 ,  G01S15/89 ,  C06F15/42 ,  A61B8/00

CPC分类号： G01S7/52071 ,  G01S15/8981

摘要： An ultrasonic imaging system for displaying color flow images includes a receiver which demodulates ultrasonic echo signals received by a transducer array and dynamically focuses the baseband echo signals. A color flow processor includes a frequency domain adaptive wall filter which automatically adjusts to changes in Doppler-shifted frequency and bandwidth of the wall signal components in the focused baseband echo signals after the echo signals have undergone Fourier transformation into the frequency domain. The mean Doppler-shifted frequency of the resulting filtered baseband echo signals is used to indicate velocity of moving scatterers and to control color in the displayed image.

摘要翻译： 用于显示彩色流图像的超声波成像系统包括：解调由换能器阵列接收的超声回波信号的接收器，并且动态地聚焦基带回波信号。 色流处理器包括频域自适应壁滤波器，其在回波信号经过傅里叶变换到频域之后，自动调整聚焦的基带回波信号中的壁信号分量的多普勒频移和带宽的变化。 所得滤波的基带回波信号的平均多普勒频移用于表示运动散射体的速度和控制显示图像中的颜色。

公开(公告)号：US5247605A

公开(公告)日：1993-09-21

申请号：US807619

申请日：1991-12-13

申请人： William E. Engeler

发明人： William E. Engeler

IPC分类号： G06N3/04

CPC分类号： G06N3/04

摘要： Digital synapse input signals which are temporally aligned with each other are converted to analog form for application to a neural net layer. Several digital synapse input signals can be written into digital memory at different times, to be read out in temporal alignment for conversion to analog form for application to a neural net layer. The digital synapse input signals can originate from apparatus for raster-scanning a field or successive fields of video samples, for example, with the neural net layer providing filters for recognizing shapes in a field of the video samples. The neural net layer can be either a pre-programmed type or a learning type, and its axonal outputs may be digitized for use in subsequent digital processing.

摘要翻译： 在时间上彼此对准的数字突触输入信号被转换为模拟形式以供应用于神经网络层。 几个数字突触输入信号可以在不同的时间写入数字存储器，以便在时间上对准地读出以转换成模拟形式以应用于神经网络层。 数字突触输入信号可以源自用于光栅扫描视频样本的场或连续场的装置，例如，神经网络层提供用于识别视频样本的场中的形状的滤波器。 神经网络层可以是预编程类型或学习型，并且其轴突输出可以被数字化以用于随后的数字处理。

公开(公告)号：US5168214A

公开(公告)日：1992-12-01

申请号：US829832

申请日：1992-02-03

申请人： William E. Engeler ,  Seth D. Silverstein

发明人： William E. Engeler ,  Seth D. Silverstein

IPC分类号： G01R23/165 ,  G01S13/526

CPC分类号： G01S13/526 ,  G01R23/165

摘要： Parallel architectures preprocesses large matrices from sampled coherent time apertures receiving signals from distant sources to produce lower order matrices, derived from pseudo coherent time apertures, which are computationally less burdensome. The large matrices are processed by frequency shifting, low pass filtering with an FIR filter, and executing front-end decimation to create the pseudo coherent time apertures, each corresponding to different subbands of the temporal frequency spectrum. The signals representing the pseudo coherent time apertures are processed using matrix based superresolution spectral estimation algorithms such as the Tufts-Kumaresan (T-K) reduced rank modified covariance algorithm and the Linear Minimum Free Energy algorithms to produce an image of the sources.

摘要翻译： 并行架构预处理来自采样的相干时间孔径的大矩阵，其接收来自远距离源的信号以产生从伪相干时间孔导出的较低阶矩阵，其计算上的负担较小。 大矩阵通过频移，FIR滤波器的低通滤波处理，并且执行前端抽取以产生每个对应于时间频谱的不同子带的伪相干时间孔径。 表示伪相干时间孔径的信号使用基于矩阵的超分辨率频谱估计算法来处理，例如Tufts-Kumaresan（T-K）降级修正协方差算法和线性最小自由能算法来产生源的图像。