摘要:
A method and apparatus for operating a gas turbine engine including determining a temperature of a working gas at a predetermined axial location within the engine. Acoustic signals are transmitted from a plurality of acoustic transmitters and are received at a plurality of acoustic receivers. Each acoustic signal defines a distinct line-of-sound path from one of the acoustic transmitters to an acoustic receiver corresponding to the line-of-sound path. A time-of-flight is determined for each of the signals traveling along the line-of-sound paths, and the time-of-flight for each of the signals is processed to determine a temperature in a region of the predetermined axial location.
摘要:
A method for the measurement of the temperature of a plastified plastic material at the exit of an extruder, characterized in that the function of the sound velocity in dependence of the temperature is measured and memorized for at least one plastified plastic material, the sound velocity is measured during the extrusion of the plastic material, and the respective temperature is determined from the velocity measurement values and the function.
摘要:
A method for the measurement of the temperature of a plastified plastic material at the exit of an extruder, characterized in that the function of the sound velocity in dependence of the temperature is measured and memorised for at least one plastified plastic material, the sound velocity is measured during the extrusion of the plastic material, and the respective temperature is determined from the velocity measurement values and the function.
摘要:
A thermometer and extensometer for cables and conductors is described. The travel time of one or more acoustic signals along a conductor is used to determine the temperature along the conductor and the length of the conductor. The acoustic frequency is selected to minimize temporal dispersion of the propagating acoustic energy. The technique can be used to measure the temperature of the windings in a transformer or other electrical apparatus.
摘要:
A method for providing a more accurate synthetic profiles of temperature, salinity and sound speed of the ocean over an area of interest is provided by using a value of the mixed layer depth in addition to values of surface temperature and surface height in an ocean modeling system such as the Modular Ocean Data Assimilation System (MODAS) system developed for the U.S. Navy. The method of the present invention compares the predicted or observed mixed layer depth for the area of interest, for example, as obtained from remote sensing or upper ocean modeling, to a mixed layer depth estimated from an initial synthetic profile, and determines which is deeper, termed the reference mixed layer depth. The method then derives a modified temperature and salinity synthetic profile by setting the temperature and salinity equal to the surface values at depths less than or equal to the reference mixed layer depth and using an algorithm to estimate temperature and salinity at depths below the reference mixed layer depth.
摘要:
A thermometer and extensometer for cables and conductors is described. The travel time of one or more acoustic signals along a conductor is used to determine the temperature along the conductor and the length of the conductor. The acoustic frequency is selected to minimize temporal dispersion of the propagating acoustic energy. The technique can be used to measure the temperature of the windings in a transformer or other electrical apparatus.
摘要:
A thermometer and extensometer for cables and conductors is described. The travel time of one or more acoustic signals along a conductor is used to determine the temperature along the conductor and the length of the conductor. The acoustic frequency is selected to minimize temporal dispersion of the propagating acoustic energy. The technique can be used to measure the temperature and sag of an overhead power line, the temperature of the windings in a transformer, or the temperature of the central conductor in a coaxial power cable.
摘要:
A technology is disclosed for holding the test subject contact surface temperature below a predetermined value without providing a temperature sensor or setting ultrasonic wave output excessively low and, according to this technology, reflex time t1, which passes through oil 6, is reflected by the inner surface of window 5, and is returned via oil, and reflex time t2, which passes through the window, is reflected by the outer surface of the window, and returned via window or oil, are detected, sound velocity of window=(thickness of window×2)/(t2−t1) is measured, and the surface temperature of the window is detected from this measured sound velocity.
摘要:
A method and apparatus for detecting a predetermined condition of a panel by transmitting a cyclically-repeating energy wave through the material (41) of the panel from first location (43a) to a second location (43b); measuring the transit time of the cyclically-repeating energy wave from the first location to the second location; and utilizing the measured transit time to detect the predetermined condition including the force on, the temperature of, a deformation in, the fatigue condition of, or a fracture in, structural panel, the presence of a force applied to, water on, or breakage in of the panel.
摘要:
A technology is disclosed for holding the test subject contact surface temperature below a predetermined value without providing a temperature sensor or setting ultrasonic wave output excessively low and, according to this technology, reflex time t1, which passes through oil 6, is reflected by the inner surface of window 5, and is returned via oil, and reflex time t2, which passes through the window, is reflected by the outer surface of the window, and returned via window or oil, are detected, sound velocity of window=(thickness of window×2) /(t2−t1)is measured, and the surface temperature of the window is detected from this measured sound velocity.