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    Curve smoothing without shrinking
    21.
    发明授权
    Curve smoothing without shrinking 有权
    曲线平滑无缩小

    公开(公告)号：US06727901B2

    公开(公告)日：2004-04-27

    申请号：US10214871

    申请日：2002-08-07

    Applicant: Naresh Chand Gupta

    Inventor： Naresh Chand Gupta

    IPC: G06T1120

    CPC classification number: G06T11/203

    Abstract: A system generates a smoothed curve from a noisily drawn, multi-segmented curve by minimizing an energy function for a smoothed curve which fits between end-points of the drawn curve. The energy function has three components: a distortion component, a smoothing component and a shrink component. Numerical analysis methods are applied to evaluate the energy function and to identify the smoothed curve with the lowest energy. The transposed curve with the lowest energy value is selected as the smoothed curve.

    Abstract translation: 系统通过最小化适合于绘制曲线的终点之间的平滑曲线的能量函数，从噪声多分段曲线生成平滑曲线。 能量函数具有三个部分：失真分量，平滑分量和收缩分量。 应用数值分析方法评估能量函数，并用最低能量确定平滑曲线。 选择具有最低能量值的转置曲线作为平滑曲线。

    Full-duplex laser communication using single wavelength from an optical transmitter
    23.
    发明授权
    Full-duplex laser communication using single wavelength from an optical transmitter 有权
    来自光发射机的单波长全双工激光通信

    公开(公告)号：US08417125B2

    公开(公告)日：2013-04-09

    申请号：US12789679

    申请日：2010-05-28

    Applicant: Naresh Chand ,  Bruce Eteson ,  Daniel Taskalos

    Inventor： Naresh Chand ,  Bruce Eteson ,  Daniel Taskalos

    IPC: H04B10/00

    CPC classification number: H04B10/1123

    Abstract: Methods, systems and other embodiments associated with a laser communication system using a single wavelength are presented. A first data is modulated onto an RF carrier to produce a modulated RF carrier. A laser is intensity modulated using with the modulated RF carrier. The intensity modulated laser beam is transmitted from an interrogator to a modulating retro-reflector (MRR) terminal. A portion of the laser beam is received at a receiver at the MRR terminal. Another portion of the laser is modulated at the MRR terminal with a second data to produce a re-modulated laser beam. The re-modulated laser beam is reflected back to the interrogator.

    Abstract translation: 提出了与使用单个波长的激光通信系统相关联的方法，系统和其他实施例。 将第一数据调制到RF载波上以产生调制的RF载波。 使用调制的RF载波对激光进行强度调制。 强度调制激光束从询问器传输到调制后向反射器（MRR）终端。 在MRR端子处的接收器处接收激光束的一部分。 激光器的另一部分在MRR端子处用第二数据进行调制以产生再调制的激光束。 再调制的激光束被反射回询问器。

    Bi-directional optical link between multiple data sources and a processing node in an avionics platform
    24.
    发明授权
    Bi-directional optical link between multiple data sources and a processing node in an avionics platform 有权
    多个数据源之间的双向光链路和航空电子平台中的处理节点

    公开(公告)号：US08032032B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-10-04

    申请号：US12291970

    申请日：2008-11-14

    Applicant: Naresh Chand ,  Kevin M. McNeill

    Inventor： Naresh Chand ,  Kevin M. McNeill

    IPC: H04B10/00

    CPC classification number: H04B10/27 ,  H04B10/2503 ,  H04B10/2587 ,  H04J14/0226 ,  H04J14/0246 ,  H04J14/0247 ,  H04J14/025 ,  H04J14/0252 ,  H04J14/0267 ,  H04J14/0268 ,  H04J14/0276 ,  H04J14/0282 ,  H04J14/0295 ,  H04J14/0297 ,  H04J14/0298 ,  H04J2014/0253 ,  H04Q11/0062 ,  H04Q2011/009

    Abstract: A fiber optic link for platforms with data sources including, e.g., sensors, cameras, radars and antennas. An array of optical transmitter/receiver pairs is coupled to an integrating network of the platform. Data modules are each coupled to certain ones of the data sources and include a receiver for detecting control data, and a modulator for modulating a light signal according to signals from the module's data sources. At least one optical fiber is coupled between a given transmitter/receiver pair of the array, and a corresponding data module. A laser source associated with each transmitter supplies a light signal with the control data to a corresponding data module downstream over an optical fiber. The light signal is modulated by the signals from the module's data sources, and the modulated light signal is returned to an array receiver upstream over an optical fiber.

    Abstract translation: 具有数据源的平台的光纤链路，包括例如传感器，照相机，雷达和天线。 一组光发射机/接收机对耦合到该平台的集成网络。 数据模块各自耦合到某些数据源，并且包括用于检测控制数据的接收器，以及用于根据来自模块数据源的信号调制光信号的调制器。 至少一个光纤耦合在阵列的给定发射机/接收机对与相应的数据模块之间。 与每个发射器相关联的激光源将控制数据的光信号提供给光纤上的相应数据模块。 光信号由来自模块数据源的信号调制，调制光信号通过光纤返回到阵列接收器上游。

    Methods and apparatus for optical switching
    26.
    发明授权
    Methods and apparatus for optical switching 失效
    光开关的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US07068936B2

    公开(公告)日：2006-06-27

    申请号：US10161335

    申请日：2002-06-03

    Applicant: Stanley Pau ,  Jianjun Yu ,  Keisuke Kojima ,  Naresh Chand

    Inventor： Stanley Pau ,  Jianjun Yu ,  Keisuke Kojima ,  Naresh Chand

    IPC: H04J14/00

    CPC classification number: H04J14/086 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04J14/08 ,  H04Q11/0005 ,  H04Q2011/0011 ,  H04Q2011/0016 ,  H04Q2011/002 ,  H04Q2011/0024 ,  H04Q2011/0033 ,  H04Q2011/0045

    Abstract: Methods and apparatus for providing a time slot switch which performs switching in the optical domain without the need for O-E-O conversion is described. The time slot switching device of the present invention may be part of a large switching device capable of performing switching and other function on WDM, TDM and WDM signals which are time division multiplexed. An optical time slot switch implemented using a time slot demultiplexer, optical cross-connect, variable delay lines and time slot multiplexer are described. Frequency conversion may be performed on a per time slot basis in cases where time slot signals are switched between lines using different wavelengths. Wave division demultiplexers and multiplexers can be added to the basic time slot switch to provide support for WDM switching and switching of TDM signals which are transmitted using wave division multiplexing.

    Abstract translation: 描述了提供在光域中进行切换而不需要O-E-O转换的时隙切换的方法和装置。 本发明的时隙切换装置可以是对时分复用的WDM，TDM和WDM信号进行切换等功能的大型交换装置的一部分。 描述了使用时隙解复用器，光交叉连接，可变延迟线和时隙多路复用器实现的光时隙交换机。 在使用不同波长的线路之间切换时隙信号的情况下，可以在每个时隙的基础上执行频率转换。 波分复用器和多路复用器可以添加到基本时隙交换机中，以支持使用波分复用传输的TDM信号的WDM交换和交换。

    Method of making an article comprising a III/V semiconductor device
    28.
    发明授权
    Method of making an article comprising a III/V semiconductor device 失效
    制造包含III / V半导体器件的制品的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4977103A

    公开(公告)日：1990-12-11

    申请号：US398115

    申请日：1989-08-24

    Applicant: Naresh Chand

    Inventor： Naresh Chand

    IPC: H01L21/203 ,  C30B23/02 ,  C30B23/06 ,  C30B23/08

    CPC classification number: C30B23/02 ,  C30B23/066 ,  Y10S148/024 ,  Y10S148/097 ,  Y10S148/169

    Abstract: The presence of oval defects on MBE-grown compound semiconductor (e.g., GaAs, InP, or InGaAs) epitaxial layers has proven to be a serious obstacle to the use of such material for the manufacture of integrated circuits (ICs), even though the use of such material potentially could result in ICs having superior performance. One particularly prevalent type of oval defect is generally referred to as .alpha.-type. It has now been discovered that compound semiconductor epitaxial layers that are essentially free of .alpha.-type oval defects can be grown by MBE if first at least a portion of the Ga and/or In metal crucible is coated with an appropriate second metal. The second metal is chosen from the group of metals that are wetted by the first metal and that are less electronegative than the first metal. Aluminum is a currently preferred second metal. Advantageously the interior of the (typically pBN) crucible is Al-coated at least at and near the orifice of the crucible, whereby formation of drops of first metal is prevented.

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