摘要:
Methods and apparatus for providing a time slot switch which performs switching in the optical domain without the need for O-E-O conversion is described. The time slot switching device of the present invention may be part of a large switching device capable of performing switching and other function on WDM, TDM and WDM signals which are time division multiplexed. An optical time slot switch implemented using a time slot demultiplexer, optical cross-connect, variable delay lines and time slot multiplexer are described. Frequency conversion may be performed on a per time slot basis in cases where time slot signals are switched between lines using different wavelengths. Wave division demultiplexers and multiplexers can be added to the basic time slot switch to provide support for WDM switching and switching of TDM signals which are transmitted using wave division multiplexing.
摘要:
Methods and apparatus for providing improving optical signal transmission results over standard mode fiber using a combination of negative chirp, low extinction ratio, and self-phase modulation transmission techniques in combination are described. The use of pre-transmission signal distortion in combinations with one or more of the other transmission techniques is also described. Pre-transmission signal distortion may be introduced by controlling a modulator with a large symmetric AC signal which causes the modulator to operation in a non-linear region or, alternatively, by using a relatively small non-symmetric AC signal to drive the modulator. Use of the small non-symmetric signal has the advantage of reduced power requirements. The pre-transmission distortion acts to counter some of the distortion introduced by the transmission of the signal over an optic fiber.
摘要:
A short pulse generation system and method of generating a short pulse signal are provided. The system includes a fiber chain having an input for receiving an optical signal having a plurality of optical pulses. The fiber chain is nonlinear with respect to the optical signal and includes a first normal fiber segment having a relatively small chromatic parameter, a first abnormal fiber segment having a relatively large chromatic parameter coupled to an output of the first normal fiber segment, and a second abnormal fiber segment having a relatively small chromatic parameter coupled to an out of the first abnormal fiber segment. The system includes a filter stage coupled to an output of the fiber chain and that has a transparent wavelength selected to regenerate the signal. A short pulse signal is produced when the optical signal is coupled to the input.
摘要:
Embodiments of the present invention pertain to optical wireless architecture. More particularly, certain embodiments of the invention pertain to a novel method and apparatus to generate millimeter-wave signals with simple and/or low cost architecture. Simple millimeter-wave generation and dispersion-tolerant transmission is based on photonic mixing of two free-running lightwaves and self-mixing down-conversion. More particularly, heterodyne mixing of two free run lightwaves is achieved, wherein one lightwave is modulated by an external modulator driven by electrical data as one of the side-bands of a millimeter-wave signal. Optical to electrical conversion is performed and the millimeter-wave signal is broadcasted by a high-frequency antenna to a receiving side having a local oscillator with self-mixing architecture to down-convert the radio frequency to its baseband form.
摘要:
A hood latch having an extra-long fishmouth for enabling a vehicle hood to deflect downwardly upon impact, such as when hit by a pedestrian in a frontal crash. To prevent this deflection when the hood is slammed shut in ordinary use, a stop lever is pivotally mounted to the latch housing. The stop lever features first and second arms defining a slot therein. One arm has a proboscis thereon and is biased to align the slot with the fishmouth, with the proboscis jutting into the fishmouth. The proboscis receives an impact from the striker and rotates the stop lever to a blocking position wherein the non-proboscis arm intercepts the striker and prevents it from reaching the bottom end of the fishmouth. In the closed position the ratchet retains the striker at an intermediate depth in the fishmouth, enabling the striker to travel toward the bottom end thereof.
摘要:
Techniques for optical communications using optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) include operating a signal transmitter to modulate laser light to produce modulated light that carries, in optical domain, OFDM subcarriers for carrying communication information, without a frequency guard band between the OFDM subcarriers, and pilot subcarriers for channel estimation at a signal receiver, each pilot subcarrier being free of communication information, and controlling optical power of the pilot subcarriers to vary with optical frequencies of the pilot subcarriers so that optical power of a pilot subcarrier at a high optical frequency is different from optical power of another pilot subcarrier at a low optical frequency.
摘要:
An optical system for providing all-optical up-conversion of a baseband signal including an all-optical up-converter responsive to baseband signals to provide corresponding dual sideband signals about a suppressed optical carrier, said dual sideband signals each having the same polarization direction, being phase locked, having the same optical power and having a fixed frequency spacing; and an optical filter for filtering the carrier signals and providing wavelength division multiplexed signals without optical carriers. In a preferred embodiment, the all-optical up-converter includes an intensity modulator for generating two pump lightwaves that are carrier suppressed in response to the intensity modulator receiving a laser light source and being driven by an RF signal, wherein the intensity modulator is DC biased at a null point, an optical combiner for combining the baseband signal and the two pump lightwaves, a nonlinear medium for four wave mixing the baseband signal and two pump lightwaves to generate the baseband signal and corresponding dual sideband signals, and an optical interleaver for removing the baseband signal and two pump lightwaves to provide said sideband signals about the suppressed optical carrier.
摘要:
A combined Hadamard and companding transform technique is incorporated into orthogonal frequency division multiplexed signals to reduce the peak-to-average ratio of signals. A Hadamard transform is applied to the signals to generate a first transformed signal of subsymbols. An Inverse Fast Fourier Transform is performed on the subsymbols to generate a second transformed signal of the subsymbols. The second transformed signal is then companded, making them ready for transmission as optical signals.
摘要:
A storage area network extension, network and method include a storage terminal coupled to a remote node. The remote node is connected to a passive optical network (PON) for transferring data signals in the PON and storage signals to/from the storage terminal by employing subcarrier channels in the PON to enable concurrent bidirectional transfer of the data and the storage signals. A storage area network is coupled to the storage terminal and configured to store and retrieve the storage signals for transfer over the PON.
摘要:
An optical system and method includes a source-free optical network unit coupled to an optical fiber for receiving a centralized lightwave carrier signal with downstream data over the optical fiber. The optical network unit includes a coupler configured to split the original carrier signal into a first path and a second path. The first path includes an optical filter configured to reduce fading effects of the carrier signal. The second path includes a modulator configured to remodulate the centralized lightwave carrier signal with upstream data to produce an upstream data signal for upstream transmission.