公开(公告)号：US20090168666A1

公开(公告)日：2009-07-02

申请号：US12215350

申请日：2008-06-26

申请人： Paul Unbehagen ,  David Allan ,  Bruno Germain ,  Roger Lapuh ,  Mohnish Anumala ,  Nigel Bragg

发明人： Paul Unbehagen ,  David Allan ,  Bruno Germain ,  Roger Lapuh ,  Mohnish Anumala ,  Nigel Bragg

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L12/4662 ,  H04L12/462 ,  H04L12/4645 ,  H04L12/4683 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/028 ,  H04L45/04 ,  H04L45/502 ,  H04L45/52 ,  H04L45/54 ,  H04L45/66

摘要： Nodes on a link state protocol controlled Ethernet network implement a link state routing protocol such as IS-IS. Nodes assign an IP address or I-SID value per VRF and then advertise the IP addresses or I-SID values in IS-IS LSAs. When a packet is to be forwarded on the VPN, the ingress node identifies the VRF for the packet and performs an IP lookup in customer address space in the VRF to determine the next hop and the IP address or I-SID value of the VRF on the egress node. The ingress node prepends an I-SID or IP header to identify the VRFs and then creates a MAC header to allow the packet to be forwarded to the egress node on the link state protocol controlled Ethernet network. When the packet is received at the egress node, the MAC header is stripped from the packet and the appended I-SID or IP header is used to identify the egress VRF. A customer address space IP lookup is then performed in the identified VRF on the egress node using the information in the client IP header to determine how to forward the packet. Customer reachability information within a VPN may be exchanged between VRFs using iBGP, or directly by using link state protocol LSAs tagged with the relevant I-SID.

摘要翻译： 链路状态协议控制的以太网上的节点实现了IS-IS等链路状态路由协议。 节点为每个VRF分配IP地址或I-SID值，然后在IS-IS LSA中通告IP地址或I-SID值。 当要在VPN上转发数据包时，入口节点识别数据包的VRF，并在VRF的客户地址空间中执行IP查找，以确定下一跳，并且VRF的IP地址或I-SID值 出口节点。 入口节点前置I-SID或IP头以识别VRF，然后创建一个MAC报头，以允许将数据包转发到链路状态协议控制的以太网上的出口节点。 当在出口节点处接收到分组时，从分组中剥离MAC报头，并使用附加的I-SID或IP报头来识别出口VRF。 然后使用客户端IP报头中的信息，在出口节点上识别的VRF中执行客户地址空间IP查找，以确定如何转发数据包。 VPN内的客户可达性信息可以使用iBGP在VRF之间交换，也可以直接使用与相关I-SID标记的链路状态协议LSA交换。

公开(公告)号：US20080259784A1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-23

申请号：US12148418

申请日：2008-04-18

申请人： David Allan ,  Malcolm Betts ,  Nigel Bragg ,  Peter Ashwood Smith ,  Paul Unbehagen

发明人： David Allan ,  Malcolm Betts ,  Nigel Bragg ,  Peter Ashwood Smith ,  Paul Unbehagen

IPC分类号： G01R31/08

CPC分类号： H04L45/16 ,  H04L41/06 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/32

摘要： Multicast capabilities of a link state protocol controlled network are used to accelerate the flooding advertisement of topology change notifications within portions of the network. This flooding mechanism may be particularly efficient in a network with a large number of two-connected nodes such as a ring network architecture. A control plane specific multicast group address is used when flooding topology change notifications, and a process such as reverse path forwarding check is used as an additional control on forwarding of the notification to prevent looping of control plane packets. Two-connected nodes insert a forwarding entry into their FIB to enable frames containing the control message to be forwarded via the data plane on to the downstream node so that propagation of the control message along a chain of two-connected nodes may occur at data plane speeds.

摘要翻译： 链路状态协议控制网络的组播功能用于加速网络部分内的拓扑变化通知的泛洪广告。 这种洪泛机制在具有大量双连接节点（例如环网架构）的网络中可能是特别有效的。 泛洪拓扑变化通知时使用控制平面特定的组播组地址，并且使用诸如反向路径转发检查之类的过程作为通知转发的附加控制，以防止控制平面分组的循环。 双连接节点将转发条目插入到其FIB中，以使包含控制消息的帧能够经由数据平面转发到下游节点，使得控制消息沿双连接节点链的传播可能发生在数据平面 速度。

公开(公告)号：US20050165376A1

公开(公告)日：2005-07-28

申请号：US10506652

申请日：2003-02-19

申请人： Fredric Buchholz ,  David Allan ,  Joseph Weir

发明人： Fredric Buchholz ,  David Allan ,  Joseph Weir

IPC分类号： A61F13/53 ,  A61F13/15 ,  A61F13/20 ,  A61F13/472 ,  A61F13/49

CPC分类号： A61F13/53 ,  A61F13/531 ,  A61F2013/15284 ,  A61F2013/530481 ,  A61F2013/530737 ,  G16C20/30

摘要： Super-absorbent polymer composites and a method for designing the composites are presented. A target weight of aqueous liquid to be absorbed is used in conjunction with a dryness quality value and, optionally, a porosity quality value to define types and masses of both super-absorbent polymer and a substruction meshwork which are intermixed to provide a composite which optimally minimizes free liquid and provides sustained tactile dryness after the targeted weight of aqueous liquid has been absorbed. In one form of the invention, the super-absorbent polymer and/or absorption composite derive from the use of computer-implemented determination of the absorption design-instance parameters.

摘要翻译： 提出了超吸收聚合物复合材料及其复合材料的设计方法。 待吸收的含水液体的目标重量与干燥质量值和任选的孔隙率质量值一起使用以限定超吸收性聚合物和底物网格的类型和质量，其混合以提供最佳的复合材料 使游离液体最小化，并在水性液体的目标重量被吸收后提供持续的触觉干燥。 在本发明的一种形式中，超吸收聚合物和/或吸收复合物来源于使用计算机实现的吸收设计实例参数的确定。

公开(公告)号：US09432213B2

公开(公告)日：2016-08-30

申请号：US12151684

申请日：2008-05-08

申请人： Paul Unbehagen ,  David Allan ,  Nigel Bragg

发明人： Paul Unbehagen ,  David Allan ,  Nigel Bragg

IPC分类号： H04L12/46 ,  H04L12/751 ,  H04L12/721

CPC分类号： H04L12/4625 ,  H04L12/462 ,  H04L29/12028 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/42 ,  H04L45/66 ,  H04L45/742 ,  H04L61/103

摘要： Nodes on an Ethernet network run a link state protocol on the control plane and install shortest path forwarding state into their FIBs to allow packets to follow shortest paths through the network without requiring MAC header replacement at each hop through the network. When a node learns an IP address, it will insert the IP address into its link state advertisement to advertise reachability of the IP address to the other nodes on the network. Each node will add this IP address to its link state database. If a packet arrives at an ingress node, the ingress node will read the IP address, determine which node on the link state protocol controlled Ethernet network is aware of the IP address, and construct a MAC header to forward the packet to the correct node. The DA/VID of the MAC header is the nodal MAC of the node that advertised the IP address. Unicast and multicast IP forwarding may be implemented.

公开(公告)号：US08861335B2

公开(公告)日：2014-10-14

申请号：US13586620

申请日：2012-08-15

申请人： Liam Casey ,  David Allan ,  Nigel L. Bragg ,  Jerome Chiabaut ,  Peter Ashwood Smith

发明人： Liam Casey ,  David Allan ,  Nigel L. Bragg ,  Jerome Chiabaut ,  Peter Ashwood Smith

IPC分类号： G01R31/08

CPC分类号： H04L41/0654 ,  H04L12/66 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/245 ,  H04L45/48 ,  H04L45/74 ,  H04L47/41 ,  H04L2212/00 ,  Y02D50/30

摘要： A system for interfacing a client system in a first network domain with a Provider Link State Bridging (PLSB) domain includes at least two Backbone Edge Bridges (BEBs) of the PLSB domain. Each BEB is an end-point of a connection in the first network domain to the client system and an end-point of at least a unicast path in the PLSB domain. An inter-node trunk is provided in the PLSB domain for interconnecting the BEBs. A phantom node is defined in the PLSB domain and is notionally located on the inter-node trunk. Each of the BEBs is configured such that: an ingress packet received from the client system via the connection in the first network domain is forwarded through a path notionally rooted at the phantom node; and an egress packet destined for the client system is forwarded to the client system through the connection in the first network domain.

摘要翻译： 用于将第一网络域中的客户端系统与提供者链路状态桥接（PLSB）域接口的系统包括至少两个PLSB域的骨干边缘桥（BEB）。 每个BEB是第一网络域中的客户端系统的连接端点和PLSB域中至少一个单播路径的端点。 在PLSB域中提供节点间中继以互连BEB。 在PLSB域中定义了虚拟节点，并且概念上位于节点间中继线上。 每个BEB被配置为使得经由第一网络域中的连接从客户端系统接收的入口分组通过一个有意识地根植于虚拟节点的路径转发; 并且去往客户端系统的出口分组通过第一网络域中的连接被转发到客户端系统。

公开(公告)号：US08619785B2

公开(公告)日：2013-12-31

申请号：US12431493

申请日：2009-04-28

申请人： David Allan ,  Peter Ashwood Smith

发明人： David Allan ,  Peter Ashwood Smith

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/26 ,  H04L12/56

CPC分类号： H04L12/462 ,  H04L45/02 ,  H04L45/021 ,  H04L45/18 ,  H04L45/22 ,  H04L45/28 ,  H04L45/66 ,  H04L69/40

摘要： A set of critical nodes or links is identified on the network and alternate forwarding state is pre-computed and disseminated within a node such that, upon failure of one of the critical nodes/links, a minimal trigger will cause the alternate forwarding state to be used to forward traffic on the routed Ethernet mesh network. In one embodiment rather than storing full tables of alternate forwarding state, only the changes to the forwarding state required by an identified failure is stored by the network nodes. Upon occurrence of a failure on the network, the identified failure is used to select the alternate forwarding state.

摘要翻译： 在网络上识别一组关键节点或链路，并且在节点内预先计算和传播备用转发状态，使得在关键节点/链路之一发生故障时，最小触发将导致备用转发状态为 用于在路由以太网网络上转发流量。 在一个实施例中，而不是存储替代转发状态的完整表，只有所识别的故障所需的转发状态的改变才被网络节点存储。 在网络发生故障时，使用识别的故障来选择备用转发状态。

公开(公告)号：US20120307832A1

公开(公告)日：2012-12-06

申请号：US13589372

申请日：2012-08-20

申请人： David Allan ,  Nigel Bragg ,  Jerome Chiabaut

发明人： David Allan ,  Nigel Bragg ,  Jerome Chiabaut

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L45/24 ,  H04L12/66 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/12 ,  H04L45/66

摘要： Each equal cost path is assigned a path ID created by concatenating an ordered set of link IDs which form the path through the network. The link IDs are created from the node IDs on either set of the link. The link IDs are sorted from lowest to highest to facilitate ranking of the paths. The low and high ranked paths are selected from this ranked list as the first set of diverse paths through the network. Each of the link IDs on each of the paths is then renamed, for example by inverting either all of the high node IDs or low node IDs. After re-naming the links, new path IDs are created by concatenating an ordered set of renamed link IDs. The paths are then re-ranked and the low and high re-ranked paths are selected from this re-ranked list as the second set of diverse paths.

摘要翻译： 为每个相等的成本路径指定了通过连接形成通过网络的路径的有序的链路ID组创建的路径ID。 链接ID是从链路的任一组上的节点ID创建的。 链接ID从最低到最高排列，以便于路径的排名。 从这个排名列表中选择低和高排名的路径作为通过网络的第一组不同路径。 然后，每个路径上的每个链路ID被重命名，例如通过反转所有高节点ID或低节点ID。 在链接重新命名之后，通过连接重命名的链接ID的有序集来创建新的路径ID。 然后将路径重新排列，并且从该重新排列的列表中选择低和高重新排序的路径作为第二组不同路径。

公开(公告)号：US08325611B2

公开(公告)日：2012-12-04

申请号：US11845930

申请日：2007-08-28

申请人： Robert Friskney ,  Simon Parry ,  David Allan ,  Nigel Bragg

发明人： Robert Friskney ,  Simon Parry ,  David Allan ,  Nigel Bragg

IPC分类号： G01R31/08

CPC分类号： H04L45/28 ,  H04L41/06 ,  H04L41/0681 ,  H04L41/0806 ,  H04L49/555 ,  H04L2012/5627

摘要： A shared (proxy) OAM session is performed in a packet-based network on behalf of a plurality of connections. First and second connections are each routed between respective nodes of the network for carrying data traffic. The second connection shares a portion of the routing of the first connection. The shared OAM session is performed along a path which is co-routed with at least part of the shared portion of the routing of the first connection and the second connection. Failure notification signalling is propagated to an endpoint node of each of the first and second connections when the shared OAM session indicates a failure has occurred. The use of a shared OAM session reduces processing at nodes and reduces OAM traffic. Each connection can be a trunk, such as a PBT/PBB-TE trunk, or a service carried within a trunk.

摘要翻译： 在基于分组的网络中代表多个连接执行共享（代理）OAM会话。 第一和第二连接各自在网络的相应节点之间路由以承载数据业务。 第二连接共享第一连接的路由的一部分。 沿着与第一连接和第二连接的路由的共享部分的至少一部分共路由的路径执行共享的OAM会话。 当共享的OAM会话指示发生故障时，故障通知信令被传播到第一和第二连接中的每一个的端点节点。 使用共享OAM会话减少了节点的处理并减少了OAM流量。 每个连接可以是中继线，例如PBT / PBB-TE中继线，或中继线内携带的服务。

公开(公告)号：US08315255B1

公开(公告)日：2012-11-20

申请号：US11262664

申请日：2005-10-31

申请人： Liam Casey ,  David Allan

发明人： Liam Casey ,  David Allan

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： H04L12/4662

摘要： The downstream IP packets of uni-cast services, such as Internet Access or Voice over IP network, are transported over the pseudo wire from service provider nodes at the metro hub to the access edge, whereupon they are converted to be transported on the first mile technology, such as a DSL loop, that serves the subscriber's residence. A television service provider delivers the collection of television channels through the regional network to an intermediate node, herein called the metro edge device. The function of the metro edge for downstream uni-cast traffic is to de-multiplex the downstream pseudo-wires coming on packet trunks from metro hubs, into a greater number of packet trunks leading to access edges. In this invention the metro edge device is operable to unicast individual selected channels to the subscriber's residence by adding copies of the IP packets of the selected channels into the downstream flow of packets in the subscriber's pseudo wire.

摘要翻译： 单播业务（如Internet接入或IP语音网络）的下行IP数据包通过伪线从城域中心的服务提供商节点传输到接入边，由此转换为在第一英里 技术，如DSL循环，为用户的住所提供服务。 电视服务提供商通过区域网络将电视频道的收集提供给中间节点，这里称为城域边缘设备。 用于下行单播业务的城域边缘的功能是将来自城域中心的分组干线上的下游伪线解复用到导致接入边缘的更多数量的分组中继。 在本发明中，城域边缘设备可操作以通过将所选频道的IP分组的副本添加到用户伪线中的分组的下游流中来将单独的所选频道单播到用户的住宅。

公开(公告)号：US08238245B2

公开(公告)日：2012-08-07

申请号：US12752228

申请日：2010-04-01

申请人： Nigel Bragg ,  Paul Bottorff ,  David Allan ,  Robert Friskney ,  Simon Parry

发明人： Nigel Bragg ,  Paul Bottorff ,  David Allan ,  Robert Friskney ,  Simon Parry

IPC分类号： H04L12/26 ,  H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56 ,  G06F15/16 ,  G06F15/173

CPC分类号： H04L45/48 ,  H04L45/04

摘要： A method is provided of planning routes and allocating route identifiers in a managed frame-forwarding network. The network comprises a plurality of nodes interconnected by links, with each node being arranged to forward data frames according to a combination of an identifier and a network address carried by a received data frame and forwarding instructions stored at the node. A first step of the method identifies a sub-set of nodes which are core nodes of the network. The remaining nodes are termed outlying nodes. A spanning tree is then built off each of the identified core nodes, with the spanning tree stopping one link short of any other core node. Each spanning tree defines a loop-free path between a core node at the root of the spanning tree and a set of outlying nodes. Connections are planned between roots of the spanning trees and a different identifier is allocated to each planned connection between a pair of spanning trees.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种在被管理的帧转发网络中规划路由和分配路由标识符的方法。 该网络包括通过链路互连的多个节点，其中每个节点被布置为根据由接收到的数据帧承载的标识符和网络地址的组合以及存储在节点处的转发指令来转发数据帧。 该方法的第一步确定作为网络核心节点的节点子集。 其余节点称为外围节点。 然后，每个标识的核心节点都生成一个生成树，生成树停止一个链路，而不是任何其他核心节点。 每个生成树定义生成树根节点和一组外围节点之间的无环路径。 在生成树的根之间计划连接，并且将不同的标识符分配给一对生成树之间的每个计划的连接。