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公开(公告)号：US5800465A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-01
申请号：US755797
申请日：1996-10-30
CPC分类号： A61N1/3918 , A61N1/368 , A61N1/3712 , A61N1/3684 , A61N1/3714
摘要： A system and corresponding method for steering stimulus pulses to one or more selected cardiac sites are disclosed. An apparatus and corresponding method permit improved capture and easy adjustment of the stimulus pulse when the threshold level changes, without simply increasing stimulus power or replacing the implanted lead. Substantially concurrent pulses may be delivered across one, two or more anode electrodes and a corresponding common or cathode electrode, where the pulse amplitude, pulse duration or pulse phase characteristics of each individual component pulse are adjusted to permit the resulting composite pulse to be steered or directed towards a desired target cardiac site. Different embodiments of the apparatus and corresponding method include those which permit the steering of pacing pulses in the left atrium or in multiple chambers, use of an improved single lead system having electrodes floating in the atrium, steering of atrial pulses to provide an enhancement of a VDD system, steering of atrial or ventricular defibrillation stimuli, and steering stimuli for arrhythmia prevention. In yet other embodiments, the steered pulse system is combined with capture detection and automatic adjustment of the steering parameters.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于将刺激脉冲转向一个或多个选择的心脏位点的系统和相应方法。 当阈值电平改变时，设备和相应的方法允许改进的捕获和简单的刺激脉冲调节，而不需要简单地增加刺激功率或替换植入的引线。 可以在一个，两个或更多个阳极电极和相应的公共或阴极电极上传送基本上同时的脉冲，其中调整每个单个分量脉冲的脉冲幅度，脉冲持续时间或脉冲相位特性以允许所得到的复合脉冲被转向或 针对期望的目标心脏位点。 该装置和相应方法的不同实施例包括允许在左心房或多个腔室中引导起搏脉冲的那些，使用具有漂浮在心房中的电极的改进的单引线系统，心房脉冲的转向以提供 VDD系统，心房或心室除颤刺激的转向，以及预防心律失常的转向刺激。 在其他实施例中，转向脉冲系统与捕获检测和转向参数的自动调整相结合。
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公开(公告)号：US5449280A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-12
申请号：US224247
申请日：1994-04-07
申请人： Bruce A. Maki , David L. Thompson
发明人： Bruce A. Maki , David L. Thompson
CPC分类号： F04C14/06 , F01C21/104 , F04C15/0088
摘要： A pump having a housing with an integral fluid reservoir and flexible end plates to permit the pump to be run dry for an extended period of time. A pair of reservoirs are provided, one each side of a pumping chamber. These reservoirs are in fluid communication with the pumping chamber via openings provided through the end plates of the pumping chamber and slots in the impeller hub. When the pump is run dry, fluid stored in these reservoirs is permitted to be released into the pumping chamber to provide a lubrication between the impeller and the chamber walls, thus reducing friction. The chamber end plates are thin and flexible. These end plates can bow outwardly due to the impeller expanding from increased heat when the pump is run dry, and thus reduce friction with the impeller. Accordingly, the pump can be run dry for an extended period of time without damaging or destroying the pump impeller. The end plate openings are preferably provided adjacent the impeller hub such that fluid is released closely proximate the impeller hub. An flexible impeller is preferred, but the present invention is suited for sliding vane and roller type impellers as well.
摘要翻译： 泵具有带有一体式流体储存器的壳体和柔性端板，以允许泵在较长时间内运行干燥。 提供一对储存器，一个泵送室的每一侧。 这些储存器通过通过泵送室的端板和叶轮毂中的槽而提供的开口与泵送室流体连通。 当泵运行干燥时，容纳在这些储存器中的流体被允许释放到泵送室中以在叶轮和室壁之间提供润滑，从而减少摩擦。 腔室端板薄而灵活。 当泵运行干燥时，由于叶轮从增加的热量膨胀，这些端板可以向外弯曲，并因此减小与叶轮的摩擦。 因此，泵可以长时间运行干燥，而不损坏或破坏泵叶轮。 端板开口优选地设置在叶轮毂附近，使得流体被紧密靠近叶轮毂释放。 优选柔性叶轮，但是本发明也适用于滑动叶轮和滚子式叶轮。
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公开(公告)号：US5354319A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-11
申请号：US10921
申请日：1993-01-29
CPC分类号： A61N1/3727 , Y10S128/903
摘要： A method of and apparatus for telemetering analog and digital data transcutaneously between an implantable medical device and an external receiver, such as between an external programmer and an implantable cardiac pacer. A damped carrier at 175 kilohertz is pulse position modulated by digital data. The data, along with synchronization and identification codes, are positioned into predefined ranges within predefined frames as measured by individual time periods. The data is uniquely identified by the position of one or more bursts of the carrier within the predefined range. An automatically initiated hand shake protocol maintains the link over slight variations in programmer head position with an indicator notifying the operator when repositioning is required. Analog data may be transferred in digital form or alternatively transferred using phase modulation of the carrier bursts. A cyclic redundancy code is used for link error detection. The digital data may be encoded/decoded in bit or byte format using hardware and/or software elements.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在可植入医疗设备和外部接收器之间经常地模拟和数字数据的方法和装置，例如在外部编程器和可植入心脏起搏器之间。 175千赫兹的阻尼载波是由数字数据调制的脉冲位置。 数据以及同步和识别代码被定位在预定义帧内的预定义范围内，如通过各个时间段所测量的。 数据由载体在预定范围内的一个或多个突发的位置唯一地标识。 自动启动的手抖动协议通过在需要重新定位时通知操作者来保持编程器头部位置的轻微变化的连接。 模拟数据可以以数字形式传送，或者使用载波突发的相位调制传输。 循环冗余码用于链路错误检测。 数字数据可以使用硬件和/或软件元件以位或字节格式进行编码/解码。
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公开(公告)号：US5342406A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-30
申请号：US957979
申请日：1992-10-07
申请人： David L. Thompson
发明人： David L. Thompson
CPC分类号： A61N1/3712 , A61N1/36557
摘要： A pacemaker system which includes an oxygen saturation sensor located near the distal end of a transvenous pacing lead generates a cycle-by-cycle variation of oxygen saturation indicative of the mechanical pumping action of the heart. A timer is used to define a detection window after the generation of a pacing pulse. The occurrence of a detected depolarization within the detection window indicates that the pacing pulses capture the heart.
摘要翻译： 包括位于经静脉起搏引线远端附近的氧饱和度传感器的起搏器系统产生指示心脏的机械泵送作用的氧饱和度的逐周期变化。 定时器用于在生成起搏脉冲之后定义检测窗口。 在检测窗口内检测到的去极化的发生表明起搏脉冲捕获心脏。
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公开(公告)号：US5330842A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-19
申请号：US853032
申请日：1992-03-17
申请人： David L. Thompson
发明人： David L. Thompson
CPC分类号： C04B41/009 , C04B41/5022 , C04B41/52 , C04B41/86 , C04B41/89 , C04B2111/00844
摘要： A vestibule block or interior furnace wall utilized in a diffusion furnace for manufacturing semi-conductors, integrated circuits and the like, and which is made of refractory or ceramic material, is treated on its surface with a suspension of fine particulate of a glass frit composition comprising an alkali earth metal alumino silicate, and is thereafter heated above the transition temperature of the alkali earth metal alumino silicate. Vestibule blocks and interior surface walls which have been treated in the above-described manner are highly abrasion resistant on their surface, generate virtually no particulate matter under conditions of ordinary use in the semi-conductor manufacturing processes, and generate significantly less particulate matter when tested in an abrasion test against vestibule blocks of the prior art.
摘要翻译： 在用于制造半导体，集成电路等的扩散炉中使用并且由耐火材料或陶瓷材料制成的前庭块或内部炉壁在其表面上用玻璃料组合物的细颗粒的悬浮液 包括碱土金属铝硅酸盐，然后加热到碱土金属铝硅酸盐的转变温度以上。 已经以上述方式处理的前庭块和内表面壁在其表面上具有高耐磨性，在半导体制造工艺中通常使用的条件下几乎不产生颗粒物质，并且当测试时产生显着更少的颗粒物质 在针对现有技术的前庭块的磨损测试中。
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公开(公告)号：US5312446A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-17
申请号：US935953
申请日：1992-08-26
CPC分类号： A61B5/0006 , A61N1/3702 , A61B5/7232
摘要： An implantable medical device for human implant. The device includes a telemetry transmitter and receiver for communicating information from the implanted device to an external programmer or monitor and for receiving commands or other information from an external programmer. The device is provided with one or more sensors and means for monitoring, recording and storing the recordings of physiologic signals after implant. The device is provided with a waveform compression and storage system which stores monitored signals in the form of defined analog voltages maintained within the device, rather than employing more traditional digital storage techniques.
摘要翻译： 用于人体植入物的可植入医疗装置。 该装置包括用于将信息从植入装置传送到外部编程器或监视器并用于从外部编程器接收命令或其他信息的遥测发射器和接收器。 该装置设置有一个或多个传感器和装置，用于在植入后监测，记录和存储生理信号的记录。 该设备具有波形压缩和存储系统，其以保持在设备内的定义的模拟电压的形式存储监视的信号，而不是采用更传统的数字存储技术。
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公开(公告)号：US5292342A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-08
申请号：US877639
申请日：1992-05-01
申请人： Gary E. Nelson , David L. Thompson
发明人： Gary E. Nelson , David L. Thompson
CPC分类号： A61N1/37217
摘要： A low cost, limited-function implantable medical device. The device's synchronous circuits are driven by an ultra-slow master clock signal produced without utilization of a crystal oscillator. The device is non-invasively programmable by means of an externally applied programming magnet, which is detected by a solid state magnetic sensor (MAGFET) circuit in the implanted device. The MAGFET circuit is capable of discriminating between two polarity orientations of the programming magnet, so that one polarity is associated with increasing programmable parameters and the opposite polarity is associated with decreasing programmable parameters. Upon initial placement and detection of the programming magnet, the disclosed device performs a threshold margin test comprising three asynchronous stimulating pulses at the current pulse width and pulse amplitude settings. After the threshold margin test is performed, each subsequent removal-and-replacement cycle of the programming magnet cause the disclosed device to enter a different programming mode, in which mode a particular operational parameter of the device may be adjusted up or down. Programmable values are retained in the implanted device in the form of analog voltages stored in non-volatile analog memory cells. During operation, the stored analog voltages are applied to voltage-to-current converting circuits to produce signals whose currents control the time-out interval of various multivibrator-type timing circuits.
摘要翻译： 低成本，功能有限的可植入医疗器械。 器件的同步电路由不使用晶体振荡器产生的超慢主时钟信号驱动。 该装置通过外部施加的编程磁体进行非侵入式编程，该磁体由植入装置中的固态磁传感器（MAGFET）电路检测。 MAGFET电路能够区分编程磁体的两个极性取向，使得一个极性与增加的可编程参数相关联，并且相反的极性与减少的可编程参数相关联。 在编程磁体的初始放置和检测时，所公开的器件执行阈值裕度测试，其包括以当前脉冲宽度和脉冲幅度设置的三个异步刺激脉冲。 在执行阈值余量测试之后，编程磁铁的每个随后的去除和替换循环使得所公开的设备进入不同的编程模式，在该模式中，可以向上或向下调整设备的特定操作参数。 可编程值以存储在非易失性模拟存储器单元中的模拟电压的形式保留在植入装置中。 在操作期间，存储的模拟电压被施加到电压到电流转换电路以产生其电流控制各种多谐振荡器型定时电路的超时间隔的信号。
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公开(公告)号：US5134997A
公开(公告)日：1992-08-04
申请号：US567204
申请日：1990-08-14
CPC分类号： A61N1/37 , A61N1/36585
摘要： A rate responsive pacemaker and a pacing method for optimizing the pacing decay curve after a period of increased activity. The pacing method includes the steps of selecting a set of predetermined achievement criteria such as an achievement rate and an achievement time interval. The achievement rate is selected between an upper pacing rate and a first pacing switch rate threshold. The pacing method then determines whether the achievement criterion has been met. If the achievement criterion has been met, then the decay time constant of the decay curve changes from a first value to a second value, as the pacing rate drops below the first pacing switch rate threshold. A second pacing switch rate threshold lower than the first pacing switch rate threshold is then selected, and, if the achievement criteria have been met, then the decay time constant of the decay curve is modified from the second value to a third value, as the pacing rate drops below the second pacing switch rate threshold.
摘要翻译： 一种速率响应起搏器和起搏方法，用于在活动增加一段时间后优化起搏衰减曲线。 起搏方法包括如下步骤：选择一组预定的成就标准，例如成就率和成就时间间隔。 成就率选择在较高起搏速率和第一起搏开关速率阈值之间。 然后，起搏方法确定是否满足成就标准。 如果满足成就标准，则衰减曲线的衰减时间常数从第一值变为第二值，因为起搏速率降低到第一起搏开关速率阈值以下。 然后选择低于第一起搏开关速率阈值的第二起搏开关速率阈值，并且如果满足成就标准已被满足，则衰减曲线的衰减时间常数从第二值修改为第三值，如 起搏率降低到第二起搏开关速率阈值以下。
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公开(公告)号：US5080096A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-14
申请号：US549568
申请日：1990-07-06
CPC分类号： A61N1/37252 , A61N1/36542 , A61N1/37
摘要： A method and apparatus for accessing a nonvolatile electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) following hermetic closure of a device containing the EEPROM. The EEPROM is accessed by a direct connection to a feedthrough pin extending through the hermetic enclosure. Following hermetic sealing, the memory is still accessible for programming.In the implantable medical device field, the invention may be utilized to program in the device serial number or similar data which may be telemetered out of the device on command of an external programmer/transciever in order to identify the device. In a specific application, a rate responsive pacemaker, an activity sensor mounted within the hermetically sealed enclosure is electrically connected to the EEPROM and other operating circuitry. At final test, the output of the activity sensor may be checked against specific levels of mechanical activity input applied to the exterior of the enclosure by observing the pacing rates developed from the sensor signal values, calculating a gain factor and storing the gain factor(s) in the EEPROM for adjusting the activity sensor derived pacing rate through its normal range of response. This trimming of the response of the activity sensor minimizes the number of completed medical devices that fail to meet specification tolerances and allows those tolerances to be narrowed to assure relatively consistent variations in pacing rate as a function of applied mechanical force. Once the factor(s) is stored and its accuracy is confirmed by retesting the pacing rate, the dedicated feedthrough pin is removed or rendered inaccessible.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在密封关闭包含EEPROM的装置之后访问非易失性电可擦除可编程只读存储器（EEPROM）的方法和装置。 通过直接连接到延伸穿过密封外壳的馈通销来访问EEPROM。 密封密封后，仍然可以进行编程。 在可植入医疗器械领域中，本发明可用于编程设备序列号或类似数据，该数据可以根据外部编程器/转码器的命令从设备中遥测出来，以识别该设备。 在具体应用中，速率响应起搏器，安装在密封外壳内的活动传感器电连接到EEPROM和其它操作电路。 在最终测试中，活动传感器的输出可以通过观察从传感器信号值产生的起搏速率，计算增益因子并存储增益因子（s）来检查施加到外壳外部的机械活动输入的特定水平 ）在EEPROM中，用于通过其正常的响应范围来调整活动传感器得到的起搏速率。 对活动传感器的响应的这种修剪使得不能满足规格公差的完成的医疗装置的数量最小化，并且允许这些公差被缩小以确保作为施加的机械力的函数的起搏速率的相对一致的变化。 一旦保存了因子，并通过重新测试起搏速率来确认其准确性，则专用馈通引脚被移除或不可访问。
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公开(公告)号：US4618480A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-21
申请号：US641020
申请日：1984-08-15
申请人： Wayne W. Hazen , David L. Thompson , James E. Reynolds , Nicholas J. Lombardo , Paul B. Queneau , John P. Hager
发明人： Wayne W. Hazen , David L. Thompson , James E. Reynolds , Nicholas J. Lombardo , Paul B. Queneau , John P. Hager
CPC分类号： C01F7/0686 , C01D5/008 , C01F7/47
摘要： A novel process for the recovery of alumina and potassium sulfate from alunite is provided comprising leaching the alunite with potassium hydroxide to which no sodium materials have been added, said leach solution being saturated with potassium sulfate. Aluminum values are solubilized into the leachate, and potassium and sulfur values are rendered soluble, but remain in the residue. The leachate is desilicated if necessary, preferably with lime, and aluminum trihydroxide is precipitated therefrom, followed by calcining to alumina product. The residue is leached to solubilize potassium sulfate in a secondary leach and the potassium sulfate product crystallized therefrom. Potassium hydroxide is regenerated from a portion of the potassium sulfate secondary leachate by several methods.Novel procedures for regenerating alkali metal hydroxides from the corresponding sulfates are also provided including routes involving formates and carbonates as intermediates and pyrohydrolysis.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种从铝酸钠中回收氧化铝和硫酸钾的新方法，包括用不含钠物质的氢氧化钾浸出铝酸钠，所述浸出溶液用硫酸钾饱和。 铝的值被溶解到浸出液中，钾和硫的值变得可溶，但残留在残留物中。 必要时，优选用石灰将渗滤液脱气，并从其中沉淀出氢氧化铝，然后煅烧成氧化铝产品。 将残余物浸出以在二次浸出中溶解硫酸钾，并从其中结晶出硫酸钾产物。 通过几种方法从一部分硫酸钾二次浸出液中再生氢氧化钾。 还提供了从相应的硫酸盐再生碱金属氢氧化物的新方法，包括涉及甲酸盐和碳酸盐作为中间体和热解水解的途径。
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