摘要:
A transmitter using a plurality of pulse signals having different pulse sequence times, a receiver for steadily demodulating pulse signals of only desirable wave, and a wireless system are disclosed. In the transmitter, a control signal generating circuit outputs a control signal for generating a plurality of pulse signals having different pulse sequence generating times, a pulse generating circuit generates a plurality of pulse signals by using the control signal. In the receiver, reception front end receives the plurality of pulse signals having different pulse sequence generating times, delay circuit delays at least one of reception front-end output signals supplied from the reception front-end by a given time, delay pulse composition circuit combines delay signal with reception front-end output signal, so that the receiver steadily demodulates the pulse signals of only the desirable wave.
摘要:
An impulse waveform generating apparatus includes a multistage delay pulse signal generating part for generating a plurality of delay pulse signals by a timing signal; a signal source signal generating part for generating a signal source signal indicating the frequency component of an impulse waveform signal by the delay pulse signals; an envelope formation signal generating part for generating an envelope formation signal indicating the amplitude component of the impulse waveform signal by the delay pulse signals; and a mixer part for multiplying the signal source signal by the envelope formation signal to generate a prescribed impulse waveform signal. The impulse waveform generating apparatus generates the impulse waveform signal from the timing signal. Therefore, the circuit arrangement requires no digital-to-analog converter, the operational frequency of each element can be reduced, and the power consumption can be reduced.
摘要:
A fingerprint identification system comprising: an IC card having a tamper-resistance; and a reader/writer having a tamper-resistance for reading/writing information from/into the IC card. In the reader/writer, a fingerprint image, as read by a fingerprint input unit, is preprocessed in a preprocessing unit, and extracted intermediate information is transmitted to the IC card. This IC card compares the intermediate information with the fingerprint information, and makes authentication information usable for an electronic authentication upon matching. By this electronic authentication with applications, the fingerprint identification system, which has a high level of safety and can reduce the cost is provided.
摘要:
Secret information only a user can know is encrypted and a decryption key is stored in a biometric information sensor. The biometric information sensor has a secret information decryption unit, a secret information display unit for presenting the secret information to the user, a biometric information detection unit for detecting that biometric information is presented to a biometric information input unit, and an alarm notice unit for issuing an alarm to the user if the biometric information is detected before the secret information is presented.
摘要:
An FSK signal receiver includes an amplifier which amplifies a first FSK signal at an adjustable gain. A frequency converter converts an output signal from the amplifier into a second FSK signal having a frequency lower than a frequency of the first FSK signal. A demodulator demodulates the second FSK signal into a baseband signal. A bit-state detector detects a bit state from the baseband signal in response to a threshold. A calculator calculates a number of times of occurrence of a fact that the baseband signal moves across the threshold during a given time. The gain of the amplifier is adjusted in response to the number of times which is calculated by the calculator.
摘要:
The present invention relates to an oil-retaining bearing for a rotary machine. In the oil-retaining bearing for a rotary machine according to the present invention, a first lock section is provided in a bearing housing; a first thrust spacer is relatively rotatably mounted in the vicinity of the end face of the oil-retaining bearing for a rotary machine; the first thrust spacer is provided with a second lock section, in engagement with the first lock section; a second thrust spacer is relatively non-rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft; and a third thrust spacer having elasticity is relatively rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft; the third thrust spacer being interposed between the first thrust spacer and the second thrust spacer. Furthermore, in the oil-retaining bearing structure for a rotary machine according to the present invention, a small hole is provided in the bearing housing through which the rotating shaft is mounted; at least one axial groove is formed in the inner surface of the bearing housing; and at least one radial groove is formed in the inner surface of the bearing housing; the axial groove being connected with the small hole section through the radial groove.
摘要:
A direct conversion receiver has: an I-low-pass filter 9 which has cut-off frequency switching device, switches over the cut-off frequency in accordance with the transmission rate, and eliminates high-frequency components from a modulated signal mixed with a first local signal; a Q-low-pass filter 10 which eliminates high-frequency components from a modulated signal mixed with the first local signal phase-shifted by 90 degrees; transmission rate detecting device 13 for detecting transmission rate information from transmission data detected by transmission data detecting device 12; and I- and Q-low-pass filter cut-off frequency controlling device 15 and 16 for generating I- and Q-control signals which control the cut-off frequency switching device, from the detected transmission rate. The cut-off frequencies of the low-pass filters are switched over in accordance with the transmission rate of reception.
摘要:
In a first diversity receiving apparatus, during an antenna selection operation, one of antennas are selected such that each of antennas successively connected to a receiver for consecutive horizontal retrace periods but for horizontal scanning periods following the horizontal retrace period, the selected antenna showing a largest level at the previous antenna selection operation is connected to the receiver to detect levels derived from respective antennas. The antenna showing a largest level is selected at the current antenna selection operation to receive a radio wave television signal for the following M (a natural number) horizontal scanning cycles. M is changed in accordance with the phasing condition. For example, M is changed according to a speed of vehicle, a field intensity, a frequency of the received television signal, etc. The switching circuit and tuner may be provided doubly to prevent the affection of switching noise. A second apparatus determines the selected antenna by further detecting noise levels derived from the respective antennas during a vertical retrace period. A frequency of switching of antennas for determining the selected antenna is reduced to reduce a switching noise on the reproduced image or in the reproduced sound.
摘要:
In a first direct conversion receiver for demodulating I and Q signals, having a quadrature relation therebetween, obtained from a received FSK signal through a direct conversion, a first D FF latches a level of the I signal when a sign condition of I and Q signals moves from the same to different sign conditions, a second D FF latches a level of the Q signal when the sign condition of the I and Q signals moves from the different to same sign condition and EXCLUSIVE OR operations are made among the I and Q signals and the outputs of the first and second D FFs to provide a frequent data judgement to improve a receiving sensitivity of an FSK signal having a relative low modulation index. In a second direct conversion receiver, a sign change in the Q signal is detected by a first edge detection circuit 17, a first D FF holds the level of the I signal, and an EXCLUSIVE OR circuit provides a first demodulation result. A sign change in the I signal is detected by a second edge detection circuit 17, a second D FF holds the level of the Q signal, an EXCLUSIVE OR circuit provides a second demodulation result and a subtracting circuit combines the first and second demodulation results. An earlier change detection circuit also combines the first and second demodulation results with a delay in the first and second demodulation results reduced.
摘要:
A first AFC apparatus receives and detects I and Q signals from a received first FSK signal with a local osc signal; demodulates the I and Q signals; F/V-converts I or/and Q signals into a voltage; compares it with a reference; and detects a frequency deviation direction of the local osc signal from the carrier signal according to the results of comparing and the demodulating. The local osc frequency is controlled by a given amount according to the result of the frequency deviation direction detection. A second AFC apparatus receives and detects I and Q signals using a first osc signal; FSK-modulates the I and Q signals with a second local osc signal having a lower frequency than the first local osc signal; and compares the frequency of the second FSK signal and the second local osc signal to supply a demodulation result. A frequency control for the first local osc signal is obtained by an averaging circuit averaging the modulation result. The F/V converter used in this apparatus has various modification and amplitude limiter may be provided as necessary. The averaging may be effected for a given data period of the first FSK signal. Power consumption can be reduced by selectively supplying a power with/without a holing circuit. FSK receivers use these automatic frequency control apparatus are also disclosed.