Abstract:
In a charging fee billing system according to the invention, a preferential card having preferential information stored thereon is issued, the preferential information allowing for an investor having borne costs required for power storage facilities for use in a commercial power system to receive a discount for electricity fees involved in the charging of an electric automobile. When charging is performed for an electric automobile that is equipped with a preferential card, a charging unit set up at a charging stand acquires preferential information from the preferential card. The charging unit bills a charging fee to which a preferential rate has been applied based on the preferential information acquired from the preferential card.
Abstract:
A transparent toner to be used for a transparent toner image formed with a color toner image, wherein a thermoplastic resin constituting the transparent toner is made of a resin obtained by melt-mixing a crystalline polyester resin and an amorphous resin under the conditions such that supposing that T0 (° C.) is the temperature at which the visual reflectance Y of 20 μm thick film formed by the resin obtained by melt-mixing the crystalline polyester resin and the amorphous resin for a period of time t0 (minute) is 1.5%, the melt-mixing temperature is T (° C.) and the melt-mixing time is t (minute), T (° C.) is predetermined to be from T0 to (T0+30), t (minute) is predetermined to be from t0 to (10×t0) and the temperature Tα at which the viscosity of the thermoplastic resin is 103 Pa·s is from 70° C. to 110° C.
Abstract:
A pad spring located at the entrance side in the rotational direction of a disk is provided with guide plate portions, radially urging portions that urge a pair of friction pads radially outward of the disk, and circumferentially urging portions that urge the friction pads in the rotational direction of the disk. Each radially urging portion has a projection bent radially inward of the disk. Each guide plate portion has a space portion that allows the projection to abut against the radially inner wall surface of the associated pad guide when the radially urging portion is displaced radially inward of the disk so as to approach the guide plate portion. The circumferentially urging portions are wide plate-shaped members bent from the guide plate portions.
Abstract:
A speaker includes: a heat sink disposed at the front of a bobbin; and a coupler disposed between the front of the heat sink and the rear of a diaphragm, wherein the heat sink includes: a base portion having an outer circumferential wall and disposed inside the bobbin; and a flange portion extending axially outwardly from the forefront of the outer circumferential wall and having its rear face disposed in contact with the front of the bobbin, and the coupler includes: a diaphragm supporting portion disposed at the rear of the diaphragm; and inner and outer annular walls disposed at the diaphragm supporting portion, and wherein the heat sink is connected to the coupler such that the base portion and the flange portion of the heat sink are connected respectively to the inner annular wall and the outer annular wall of the coupler.
Abstract:
A pad spring that is located at the entrance side in the rotational direction of a disk is provided with guide plate portions, radially urging portions that urge a pair of friction pads radially outward of the disk, and circumferentially urging portions that urge the friction pads in the rotational direction of the disk. Each radially urging portion has a projection bent radially inward of the disk from a longitudinally intermediate portion thereof. Each guide plate portion has a space portion that allows the projection to abut against the radially inner wall surface of the associated pad guide when the radially urging portion is displaced radially inward of the disk so as to approach the guide plate portion. The circumferentially urging portions are wide plate-shaped members bent from the guide plate portions obliquely radially inward of the disk.
Abstract:
Provided are a toner for developing an electrostatic image comprising a crystalline resin having an ester bond and at least one of a sulfide bond or a disulfide bond in the main-chain, an electrostatic image developer and an image-forming process by using the same, a method of producing the toner for developing electrostatic image, and a resin particle dispersion using the same.
Abstract:
The lateral V-shaped groove (2) and the longitudinal V-shaped groove (3), which cross each other, are formed on a surface of the substrate (1). When the optical element (100) is contacted with and supported by four ridges composed of sides (21, 22) of one V-shaped groove and sides (31, 32) of the other V-shaped groove, the optical element is positioned at the three-dimensional support position which is geometrically determined by the four points at which the four ridges and the surface of the optical element come into contact with each other.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus are provided for reliably detecting a touch operation in a touch sensitive control surface, despite the influence of light or the existence of an obstruction. In the touch tracer, LEDs and phototransistors for detecting a touch position on the input pad are arranged to form parallel optical axes in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. The optical axes of the LEDs and the phototransistors are alternately arranged in opposite directions to the adjacent optical axis. Moreover, the front surface of the phototransistor is closed except for an aperture that forms an optical axis only between opposing LEDs. The apertures are divided in half into top and bottom portions by a light-shielding film. Because of the light-shielding film, the phototransistor does not receive any light interference from the adjacent LED or incidental sunlight.
Abstract:
A fabrication method of a semiconductor device that can form n- and p-type buried regions separately in a semiconductor substrate of a first conductivity type through a single lithography process. A first impurity of a second conductivity type is doped into the substrate through a first window to produce a first doped region of the second conductivity type. A second impurity of the second conductivity type is doped into the substrate through a second window larger than the first window to produce a second doped region of the second conductivity type. The second doped region is placed under the unoverlapped part of the first and second windows and lower in impurity concentration than the first doped region. A third impurity of the first conductivity type is doped into the substrate through its surface area containing the second window to produce a third doped region of the first conductivity type. The third doped region is lower in impurity concentration than the first doped region. The second doped region with the second and third impurities acts as a separation region for electrically separating the first and third doped regions.
Abstract:
Cow's milk and/or its analogues are demineralized and the ash balance thereof adjusted with ion-exchange membrane electrodialysis apparatus. The method comprises demineralizing cow's milk or its analogues in a first stage consisting of one or more of electrodialysis stacks at a demineralization rate of below 50 percent, then further demineralizing thus obtained milk in a second stage consisting of one or more of electrodialysis stacks at a demineralization rate of more than 60%, transferring thus demineralized milk to concentration compartments consisting of one or more of electrodialysis stacks of the first stage, then discharging the milk which was adjusted.