摘要:
An external addition toner that sufficiently exhibits the effect of an external additive and is excellent in transfer property, and an apparatus for forming an image and a process for forming an image excellent in general purpose property that provide an image of good quality without formation of image defects, such as transfer unevenness and drop off due to transfer failure of the toner. An external addition toner is employed, in which the shape coefficient of the toner particles, as well as a coating ratio x (%) of the external additive to a surface area of the toner particles, a volume average particle diameter D (&mgr;m) of the toner particles and a volume average particle diameter d (&mgr;m) of the external additive having the maximum average particle diameter satisfy the prescribed relationship. Furthermore, a developer is employed, which contains a toner charged to a charge amount q (&mgr;C/g) satisfying the following equation corresponding to the volume average particle diameter D (&mgr;m) of the toner particles: q≧929.5/D2
摘要:
There is provided an apparatus for supplying a hydrogen gas to a quartz glass manufacturing apparatus including a burner that generates an oxyhydrogen flame when supplied with the hydrogen gas, where the apparatus includes: a first hydrogen supply system that supplies a hydrogen gas in which isomers are in equilibrium; a second hydrogen supply system that supplies a hydrogen gas in which isomers are out of equilibrium; a flow rate control section that includes: a valve that changes a flow rate of the hydrogen gas to be supplied to the burner; a first flow rate measuring section that measures the flow rate of the hydrogen gas to be supplied to the burner by measuring a heat capacity; and a control section that controls the valve in such a manner that a measured value obtained by the first flow rate measuring section approaches a set value input from outside; a second flow rate measuring section that measures the flow rate of the hydrogen gas to be supplied to the burner by measuring a different factor than the heat capacity; and a set value compensating section that compensates the set value by multiplying the set value by a ratio between the measured value obtained by the first flow rate measuring section and a measured value obtained by the second flow rate measuring section.
摘要:
An article transporting facility includes: a single predetermined path disposed along a plurality of article transfer locations and having a first end and a second end; a predetermined number of article transporting carriages traveling on the predetermined path; controlling means for controlling traveling of the predetermined number of article transporting carriages; wherein based on article transport request information for transporting an article from an original article transfer location to a destination article transfer location among the plurality of article transfer locations, the controlling means controls the traveling of the transporting carriages such that the controlling means selects an article transporting carriage from the plurality of article transporting carriages for causing the selected carriage to transfer the article from the original article transfer location to the destination article transfer location; and when a multiple request condition exists wherein a plurality of transport request information designating a same single article transfer location as the original article transfer location are issued, the controlling means executes a multiple carriage selecting mode wherein the controlling means selects a plurality of article transporting carriages from the predetermined number of article transporting carriages for article transport.
摘要:
A traveling system for mobile bodies includes a control device for controlling traveling operation of a first and a second mobile bodies based on detection information provided by a relative distance detecting device mounted on only one of the first and second mobile bodies for detecting a distance to the other of the first and second mobile bodies, a first distance detecting device for detecting a distance between the first mobile body and a first reference position, and a second distance detecting device for detecting a distance between the second mobile body and a second reference position. The control device determines, based on distance information between the first reference position and second reference position, whether the detection information provided by each of the first and second distance detecting devices and detection information provided by the relative distance detecting device satisfy a proper determination condition, and stops movement of the first and second mobile bodies when it is determined that the proper determination condition is not satisfied.
摘要:
In a conveying cart, a front side wheel (a front wheel) for supporting the conveying cart is provided with a travel driving unit (a front wheel inverter and a travel motor), and a rear side wheel (a rear wheel) for supporting the conveying cart is provided with a travel driving unit (a rear wheel inverter and a travel motor). When the conveying cart travels in a curve portion of a travel path, the travel driving unit for the front wheel of the conveying cart on which the center of gravity is located is subjected to speed control, and the travel driving unit for the rear wheel of the conveying cart that tends to float up is subjected to torque control.
摘要:
An exposure apparatus has an illumination system for transferring a reticle pattern formed on a reticle as a master onto a wafer as a photosensitive member by a laser source, a stop for setting an illumination region by the laser source, and a mechanism for synchronously scanning the reticle and wafer in predetermined scanning directions. Exposure processing by synchronous scanning of the reticle and wafer and relative movement of the wafer in a direction crossing the scanning direction are repeated, thereby forming a transfer pattern with connected exposure regions on the wafer. The stop driving mechanism performs exposure while driving a vane of the stop for setting the illumination region in the direction perpendicular to the scanning direction in the direction crossing the scanning direction during the exposure processing.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a body frame, a transport unit, an image carrier, a transfer device, a fixing device, a guide member assembly, a door, and a positioning member. The guide member assembly includes a guide member, a positioned portion, and a support member. The support member supports the guide member and has a side wall that extends in such a direction as to intersect a line drawn in the width direction and that has a hole through which a support shaft is inserted with some play being present. The guide member assembly is supported by the door with some play being present between the guide member assembly and a base plate and is urged by an urging member. The hole is a long hole having a major axis extending in an opening direction of the door away from a center line of rotation of the door.
摘要:
An exposure apparatus includes an original stage including a first mark, a substrate stage including a second mark and a photoelectric conversion device configured to detect light having passed through the second mark, a projection optical system, a measurement device configured to measure a position of at least one stage of the substrate stage and the original stage, and a controller configured to detect a positional relationship between the first mark and the second mark based on a signal output from the photoelectric conversion device and a measurement result output from the measurement device, wherein the controller cyclically samples a measurement result output from the measurement device, corrects the measurement result based on a time interval between a light emission timing of the pulsed light source and a sampling timing of the measurement result.
摘要:
Provided is hydrogen supply equipment that, when switching hydrogen supplied to equipment using hydrogen from (i) hydrogen produced at a normal temperature or hydrogen stored at a normal temperature to (ii) hydrogen stored at a low temperature, supplies the equipment using hydrogen with normal hydrogen obtained by returning the hydrogen at the low temperature to a normal temperature and then passing this hydrogen through equipment for accelerating a conversion from parahydrogen to orthohydrogen.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a transfer member onto a front side of which an image is transferred, a rotary member around which the transfer member is wrapped, a guide member provided at an end portion of an axial direction of the rotary member, a regulating member, a first reference mark, a second reference mark, a first detector, a second detector, and a controller. The regulating member is located on a reverse side of the transfer member, and restricts skew of the transfer member by contacting the guide member. The first and second reference marks are on edge sides of the transfer member in the axial direction of the rotary member. The first and second detectors detect the first and second reference marks, respectively. The controller controls alignment of the image on the transfer member in accordance with a detection result of the first and second detectors.