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    MAP decoding for turbo codes by parallel matrix processing
    21.
    发明授权
    MAP decoding for turbo codes by parallel matrix processing 失效
    通过并行矩阵处理对turbo码进行MAP解码

    公开(公告)号：US06606725B1

    公开(公告)日：2003-08-12

    申请号：US09558440

    申请日：2000-04-25

    Applicant: Duanyi Wang ,  Hisashi Kobayashi ,  Jay Bao

    Inventor： Duanyi Wang ,  Hisashi Kobayashi ,  Jay Bao

    IPC: H03M1345

    CPC classification number: H03M13/3905 ,  H03M13/2957 ,  H03M13/3933 ,  H03M13/616

    Abstract: A matrix transform method and circuit provides for MAP decoding of turbo codes. The method begins by initializing a forward recursion probability function vector &agr;0, and a backward recursion probability function vector &bgr;N. Then, transition probability matrices &Ggr;(Rk) and &Ggr;i(Rk) are determined according to each received symbol of the sequence R1N. And then, values of &agr;k, corresponding to the received Rk are determined according to &Ggr;(Rk). At the same time of determining &agr;k, a plurality of multiplacation on &Ggr;(Rk) and &Ggr;i(Rk) are accomplished in parallel. By making use of the results of the matrix multiplications, after receiving the complete symbol sequence R1N, values of all of the backward recursion probability vector &bgr;k, where k=1, 2, . . . , N−1, are determined in parallel, and the log likelihood ratio for every decoded bit dk, k=1, 2, . . . , N, are also determined in parallel. The circuit performs successive decoding procedures in parallel using a set of regular matrix operations. These operations substantially accelerate the decoding speed and reduce the computational complexity, and are particularly suited for implementation in special-purpose parallel processing VLSI hardware architectures. Using shift registers, the VLSI implementation effectively reduces memory requirements and simplifies complicated data accesses and transfers.

    Abstract translation: 矩阵变换方法和电路提供turbo码的MAP解码。 该方法通过初始化前向递归概率函数向量α0和向后递归概率函数向量βN开始。 然后，根据序列R1N的每个接收符号确定转移概率矩阵GAMMA（Rk）和GAMMAi（Rk）。 然后，根据GAMMA（Rk）确定对应于接收到的R k的alphak值。 在确定alphak的同时，GAMMA（Rk）和GAMMAi（Rk）上的多个乘法并行完成。 通过利用矩阵乘法的结果，在接收到完整符号序列R1N之后，所有向后递归概率向量betak的值，其中k = 1,2。 。 。 ，N-1，并且每个解码比特dk的对数似然比k = 1,2。 。 。 ，N也是并行确定的。 该电路使用一组常规矩阵运算来并行地执行连续解码过程。 这些操作大大加快了解码速度并降低了计算复杂度，特别适用于专用并行处理VLSI硬件体系结构中的实现。 使用移位寄存器，VLSI实现有效地减少了内存需求，简化了复杂的数据访问和传输。

    Air separation method and system for producing oxygen to support combustion in a heat consuming device
    24.
    发明授权
    Air separation method and system for producing oxygen to support combustion in a heat consuming device 有权
    空气分离方法和用于在热消耗装置中产生氧以支持燃烧的系统

    公开(公告)号：US06382958B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-05-07

    申请号：US09614519

    申请日：2000-07-12

    Applicant: Lawrence E. Bool, III ,  Hisashi Kobayashi

    Inventor： Lawrence E. Bool, III ,  Hisashi Kobayashi

    IPC: F23B1104

    CPC classification number: C01B13/0251 ,  B01D53/22 ,  C01B2210/0046 ,  F23L7/007 ,  Y02E20/344 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y10S122/01

    Abstract: A method and system to separate oxygen from air for producing oxygen to support combustion of a fuel, thereby to produce heat in a heat consuming device. In accordance with the method and system a heated and compressed air stream is introduced into a ceramic membrane system having one or more oxygen-selective, ion conducting membranes to produce an oxygen permeate stream which is used to support combustion of the fuel. The compressed air stream is heated within the heat consuming device itself which can be, for instance, a furnace or a boiler, through indirect heat exchange with flue gases or by radiant heat within a radiant heat exchange zone thereof. An oxygen lean retentate stream, produced through separation of oxygen from the compressed and heated air stream, can be expanded with the performance of work to produce an expanded air stream. The work of expansion can be applied to the compression of the incoming air stream. The expanded air stream can be used to preheat the compressed and heated air stream.

    Abstract translation: 一种将氧与空气分离以产生氧气以支持燃料燃烧的方法和系统，从而在热消耗装置中产生热量。 根据该方法和系统，将加热和压缩的空气流引入具有一个或多个氧选择性离子传导膜的陶瓷膜系统中，以产生用于支持燃料燃烧的氧气渗透物流。 压缩空气流在热消耗装置本身内被加热，其可以是例如炉或锅炉，通过与烟道气的间接热交换或其辐射热交换区内的辐射热来加热。 通过从压缩和加热的空气流中分离出氧而产生的贫氧滞留物流可以随着工作的进行而扩大以产生膨胀的空气流。 膨胀的工作可以应用于进气流的压缩。 膨胀的空气流可用于预热压缩和加热的空气流。

    Apparatus for spectral encoding and decoding of femtosecond optical pulses
    26.
    发明授权
    Apparatus for spectral encoding and decoding of femtosecond optical pulses 失效
    用于飞秒光脉冲频谱编码和解码的装置

    公开(公告)号：US5907421A

    公开(公告)日：1999-05-25

    申请号：US619090

    申请日：1996-03-20

    Applicant: Warren S. Warren ,  June-Koo Rhee ,  Hisashi Kobayashi

    Inventor： Warren S. Warren ,  June-Koo Rhee ,  Hisashi Kobayashi

    IPC: H04B10/14 ,  H04B10/04

    CPC classification number: H04B10/676

    Abstract: A DPSK communication system employs an optical signal which comprises plural, coherent, optical frequencies, each optical frequency positioned within a range of frequencies (i.e., a "frequency slot"). The optical signal comprises plural frequency slots, with the wavefront in each time segment of each frequency slot being phase modulated in accordance with data signals. Plural frequency slots are transmitted "in parallel", in each of a plurality of succeeding time segments. A demodulator includes first and second optical paths, the first component of the optical signal directed onto the first optical path and a second component directed onto the second optical path. A modulator is positioned in at least one of the optical paths and is responsive, during a time segment, to a first applied control signal, to alter the phase, and thus the frequency, of the first component by approximately one frequency slot. At the output of the first and second optical paths, an optical coupler interferes the first component and the second component so as to enable constructive and destructive interference therebetween in accordance with respective phase modulations thereof.

    Abstract translation: DPSK通信系统采用包括多个相干光频率的光信号，每个光频率位于频率范围内（即，“频率槽”）。 光信号包括多个频率时隙，每个时隙的每个时间段中的波阵面根据数据信号进行相位调制。 在多个后续时间段中的每一个中，“并行地”发送多个时隙。 解调器包括第一和第二光路，光信号的第一分量被引导到第一光路上，第二分量指向第二光路。 调制器位于至少一个光路中，并且在时间段期间响应于第一施加的控制信号，以将第一分量的相位以及因此的频率改变大约一个频率槽。 在第一和第二光路的输出处，光耦合器干扰第一部件和第二部件，以便根据其相应的相位调制来实现它们之间的建构性和相消干涉。

    Glassmelting method with reduced volatilization of alkali species
    28.
    发明授权
    Glassmelting method with reduced volatilization of alkali species 失效
    具有降低碱性挥发的玻璃熔化法

    公开(公告)号：US5628809A

    公开(公告)日：1997-05-13

    申请号：US489911

    申请日：1995-06-13

    Applicant: Hisashi Kobayashi

    Inventor： Hisashi Kobayashi

    IPC: C03B5/235 ,  C03B5/225

    CPC classification number: C03B5/2353 ,  Y02P40/55

    Abstract: A glassmelting method wherein fuel and oxidant combust in a combustion zone in the upper level of a furnace and shield oxygen is passed over the molten glass surface at a low velocity to form a shield layer between the combustion zone and the molten glass, to counteract the reaction of water vapor, resulting from the combustion, with species within the molten glass, to reduce volatilization of alkali species from the molten glass, and to make the molten glass more oxidizing. Reducing gas may be used in place of shield oxygen to make the molten glass more reducing. Both shield oxygen and reducing gas may be used sequentially in a multi-zone furnace.

    Abstract translation: 一种玻璃熔化方法，其中燃料和氧化剂在炉的上部燃烧区中燃烧并且保护氧气以低速度在熔融玻璃表面上通过，以在燃烧区域和熔融玻璃之间形成屏蔽层，以抵消 由燃烧产生的水蒸气与熔融玻璃内的物质的反应，以减少碱金属物质从熔融玻璃的挥发，并使熔融玻璃更具氧化性。 可以使用还原气体代替屏蔽氧气，以使熔融玻璃更加减少。 屏蔽氧气和还原气体都可以在多区域炉中顺序使用。

    Method of producing grain oriented silicon steel sheets each having a low watt loss and a mirror surface
    29.
    发明授权
    Method of producing grain oriented silicon steel sheets each having a low watt loss and a mirror surface 失效
    生产具有低谷损失和镜面表面的面向谷物的硅钢板的方法

    公开(公告)号：US5129965A

    公开(公告)日：1992-07-14

    申请号：US732076

    申请日：1991-07-18

    Applicant: Hisashi Kobayashi ,  Yoshiyuki Ushigami ,  Hiroyasu Fujii

    Inventor： Hisashi Kobayashi ,  Yoshiyuki Ushigami ,  Hiroyasu Fujii

    IPC: C21D1/76 ,  C21D8/12

    CPC classification number: C21D8/1277 ,  C21D1/76 ,  C21D8/1272 ,  C21D8/1288

    Abstract: A method of producing grain oriented silicon steel sheets each having a low watt loss, at an inexpensive cost and a high operational efficiency, wherein surfaces of each silicon steel sheet are given a mirror surface is disclosed. After completion of a finish annealing, forsterite films on the surface of each grain oriented silicon steel sheet are removed therefrom, and thereafter, the silicon steel sheet is annealed within the temperature range of 1000.degree. C. or higher in an atmosphere composed of a mixture gas comprising 20 to 80% by volume of hydrogen gas and 0 to 80% by volume of an inert gas, whereby surfaces of the silicon steel sheet are given a mirror surface. Subsequently, tensile stress additive films are formed on the surfaces of the silicon steel sheet, and consequently, the resultant silicon steel sheet exhibits a remarkably reduced watt loss.

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