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公开(公告)号：US4215617A
公开(公告)日：1980-08-05
申请号：US743612
申请日：1976-11-22
申请人： James A. Moorer
发明人： James A. Moorer
CPC分类号： G10H7/105 , G10H2230/241 , G10H2230/351 , G10H2250/141 , G10H2250/161 , G10H2250/191 , G10H2250/435 , G10H2250/461
摘要： Disclosed is a musical instrument and method for generating musical sound. Digital circuits produce a sequence of numbers which are converted to analog electrical signals which are periodically sampled to drive a conventional speaker. The digital circuits operate in accordance with a method of forming each sample by evaluation of a closed-form expression including a first function of time, either periodic or non-periodic, transformed by a second function of time where the second function is non-linear, non-sinusoidal and differs from the first function. The frequency spectra of the resulting musical sound can be finite and the amplitudes of frequency components do not have unwanted limitations.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于产生音乐声音的乐器和方法。 数字电路产生一系列数字，这些数字被转换为模拟电信号，这些模拟电信号被周期性地采样以驱动常规扬声器 数字电路根据通过评估闭合形式表达式形成每个样本的方法来操作，该闭合形式表达式包括由第二函数为非线性的时间的第二函数变换的周期性或非周期性的时间的第一函数 ，非正弦曲线，与第一功能不同。 所得到的音乐声音的频谱可以是有限的，并且频率分量的振幅不具有不期望的限制。
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公开(公告)号：US4205577A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-03
申请号：US898720
申请日：1978-04-24
申请人： Ralph Deutsch
发明人： Ralph Deutsch
CPC分类号： G10H7/105 , G10H1/08 , G10H2230/255 , Y10S84/09
摘要： A polyphonic tone synthesizer in which two or more distinct voices are sounded by operation of a single key. While the voices have the same fundamental frequency, they are made audibly distinct by differing in harmonic content and differing in the shape of the envelope of the voice signal. The two or more voices are synthesized by alternately calculating master data lists of the amplitude values representative of points on the waveforms of the two voices, adding the two master data lists and converting the resulting values to an analog waveform by feeding the data to a digital-to-analog converter at a rate determined by the fundamental frequency of the note. The master data list for each voice is calculated repetitively during the time the key is operated by multiplying a set of coefficients with a set of sinusoid values and continuously scaling the resultant product by an envelope scale factor which changes with time to correspond to the desired envelope waveform. A single ADSR (attack/decay) generator may be time shared with each voice calculation to provide a differently changing envelope scale factor for each voice.
摘要翻译： 通过单个键的操作来发出两个或多个不同声音的复音音调合成器。 虽然声音具有相同的基频，但是由于声音信号的包络线的谐波含量不同和声音形状不同，所以声音区别。 通过交替地计算表示两个声音的波形上的点的幅度值的主数据列表来合成两个或更多个声音，添加两个主数据列表，并将得到的值转换为模拟波形，通过将数据馈送到数字 模拟转换器以由音符的基本频率确定的速率。 在键操作期间，通过将一组系数与一组正弦曲线值相乘来重复地计算每个声音的主数据列表，并且将所得乘积连续缩放以随时间变化以对应于期望的信封的包络比例因子 波形 单个ADSR（攻击/衰减）发生器可以与每个语音计算共享，以为每个声音提供不同变化的包络比例因子。
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公开(公告)号：US4149440A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-17
申请号：US777445
申请日：1977-03-14
CPC分类号： G10H7/105
摘要： A polyphonic electronic musical instrument in which the complex signal delivered by the instrument is made up of successive samples.Each sample in the complex signal is the sum of the samples of the different harmonics of the various notes played, at the corresponding amplitudes. A device for scanning the keys and pedals comprises two or three counters which operate in association with one another to detect the number (i) of each played note out of the 12 or 13 notes in an octave, and also detect the number of the corresponding octave (n) and successively calculate the various samples of the harmonics of the note (i, n). The set of operations is performed in a sufficiently short time to produce notes of 6- 10 kHz.
摘要翻译： 一种复音电子乐器，其中由仪器传递的复合信号由连续的样本组成。
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24.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4132140A
公开(公告)日：1979-01-02
申请号：US843506
申请日：1977-10-18
申请人： Masanobu Chibana
发明人： Masanobu Chibana
CPC分类号： G10H7/105
摘要： In an electronic musical instrument, the amplitudes of respective partial components constituting a composite waveshape at successive sample points are produced, these amplitudes are multiplied, at regular time intervals individually by coefficients each being associated with corresponding partial components to obtain the amplitudes weighted, these weighted amplitudes being accumulated successively to obtain the net amplitudes weighted of the composite waveshape for each sample point. The net amplitudes are converted to a musical sound by sounding means. The coefficients are repetitively calculated at another regular time intervals, each of which being longer than the foregoing regular time interval, by implementing the algorithm of a certain function of time, as the multiplications are carried out.This instrument is capable of producing a musical sound whose tonal quality will change with the lapse of time in accordance with a certain function of time, without employing an expensive high-speed calculating device which will increase the cost of the instrument.
摘要翻译： 在电子乐器中，产生在连续采样点处构成复合波形的各个部分分量的幅度，这些振幅以规则时间间隔分别乘以各自与相应的部分分量相关联的系数，以获得加权的幅度，这些加权 幅度被连续累加以获得每个采样点的复合波形加权的净振幅。 净振幅通过声音方式转换为音乐声音。 在执行乘法时，通过实施某个时间函数的算法，在另一规则时间间隔重复计算系数，每个时间间隔长于上述规则时间间隔。
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25.发明授权Electronic musical instrument having memories containing waveshapes of different type 失效具有包含不同类型的波形的记忆的电子乐器
公开(公告)号：US4131049A
公开(公告)日：1978-12-26
申请号：US729690
申请日：1976-10-05
申请人： Takatoshi Okumura , Shimaji Okamoto
发明人： Takatoshi Okumura , Shimaji Okamoto
CPC分类号： G10H7/105
摘要： A plurality of waveshape memories are provided for storing the sampled values of one cycle sinusoidal wave as the fundamental frequency, two cycle sinusoidal wave as the second harmonic, . . . and m cycle sinusoidal wave as the m-th harmonic and, in addition thereto, of harmonic-abundant complex waves such as a triangular wave, a sawtooth wave and a rectangular wave. These waveshape memories are read at the same reading rate. The read out sinusoidal waves and triangular, sawtooth and rectangular waves are controlled in their relative levels in accordance with the tone-color of an intended musical tone wave shape. The sinusoidal waves and the triangular, sawtooth and rectangular waves are thereafter synthesized to produce a desired tone-color wave shape. Since the triangular, sawtooth and rectangular waves contain abundant harmonic components, many kinds of musical tones containing abundant harmonic components can be produced despite a limited number of waveform memories.
摘要翻译： 提供了多个波形存储器，用于存储作为基频的一个周期正弦波的采样值，作为二次谐波的两个周期的正弦波。 。 。 并且将周期正弦波作为m次谐波，并且除此之外还包括诸如三角波，锯齿波和矩形波之类的谐波丰富的复数波。 这些波形存储器以相同的读取速率读取。 读出的正弦波和三角形，锯齿波和矩形波根据预期乐音波形的色调被控制在它们的相对电平。 此后，合成正弦波和三角形，锯齿波和矩形波以产生所需的色调波形。 由于三角形，锯齿波和矩形波都包含丰富的谐波分量，尽管波形存储器数量有限，但是可以产生包含丰富的谐波分量的多种音调。
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公开(公告)号：US4026179A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-31
申请号：US615643
申请日：1975-09-22
申请人： Tsuyoshi Futamase
发明人： Tsuyoshi Futamase
CPC分类号： G10H7/10 , G10H2250/481
摘要： The electronic musical instrument according to the invention produces excellent tone color effect by changing filter characteristics discontinuously from the start of generation of a musical tone.A plurality of filter characteristics each represented by a deflecting line consisting of straight lines (these filter characteristics being different from each other in coordinates at each point of deflection as well as inclination of each straight line) are stored in memory. These filter characteristics are sequentially read out with the lapse of time and level information of each harmonic constituting a musical tone is obtained by calculating a primary functional formula of the straight line region in which the read out filter characteristic belongs. The level of each harmonic is controlled in response to this level information.In calculating the primary functional formula, one can select either "transferred formant" control in which a filter characteristic is substantially transferred by conducting calculation in accordance with a frequency corresponding to the degree of each harmonic or "fixed formant" control in which calculation is conducted in accordance with a frequency in which the fundamental frequency of the musical tone is included.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明的电子乐器通过从音乐的产生开始不连续地改变滤波器特性而产生优良的音色效果。
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公开(公告)号：US3884108A
公开(公告)日：1975-05-20
申请号：US43268474
申请日：1974-01-11
发明人： DEUTSCH RALPH
摘要： A pipe organ ensemble effect results when two similar pipes, slightly out-of-tune with respect to each other, are sounded together upon selection of a single instrument key. Herein, apparatus is disclosed for producing an ensemble effect in a computor organ of the type wherein musical notes are generated by computing the amplitudes at successive sample points of a musical waveshape and converting the amplitudes to sounds as the computations are carried out in real time. Each amplitude is computed during a regular time interval tx by separately calculating a set of ''''combined'''' Fourier components which are accumulated to obtain the sample point amplitude. Each nsumming order combined Fourier component is evaluated by summming a pair of sinusoid values associated respectively with the nominal tone and the frequency offset, ''''out-of-tune'''' tone. The sum is multiplied by a harmonic coefficient to establish the relative amplitude of that combined Fourier component.
摘要翻译： 当选择单个仪器键时，两个类似的管道相对于彼此略微失调，会发生管道器官整体效应。 这里，公开了用于在计算机器官中产生集合效应的装置，其中通过计算音乐波形的连续采样点处的振幅并且在实时执行计算时将振幅转换成声音来产生音符。 通过分别计算积累的一组“组合”傅立叶分量以获得采样点幅度，在常规时间间隔tx期间计算每个振幅。 通过对分别与标称色调和频率偏移“失调”音调相关联的一对正弦波值进行求和来评估每个降噪组合傅立叶分量。 该和乘以一个谐波系数，以建立该组合傅立叶分量的相对幅度。
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公开(公告)号：US3809789A
公开(公告)日：1974-05-07
申请号：US31468172
申请日：1972-12-13
发明人： DEUTSCH R
CPC分类号： G10H7/105
摘要： Harmonic limiting is employed in an electronic musical instrument of the type wherein notes are produced by computing the amplitudes at successive sample points of a musical waveshape and converting these amplitudes to notes as the computations are carried out in real time. Each amplitude is computed by accumulating as many as W individually calculated waveshape discrete Fourier components. In accordance with the present invention, harmonic inhibit means are provided for limiting the Fourier components included in each amplitude computation only to those having frequencies below a certain value preferably within the normal human hearing range.
摘要翻译： 在这种类型的电子乐器中采用谐波限制，其中通过计算音乐波形的连续采样点处的振幅并且在实时执行计算时将这些振幅转换为音符来产生音符。 每个振幅通过累积多达W个别计算的波形来计算离散傅立叶分量。 根据本发明，提供谐波抑制装置，用于将每个振幅计算中包括的傅立叶分量仅限于频率低于特定值的频率，优选地在正常人听觉范围内。
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公开(公告)号：US3809786A
公开(公告)日：1974-05-07
申请号：US22588372
申请日：1972-02-14
申请人： DEUTSCH RES LAB
发明人： DEUTSCH R
CPC分类号： G10H7/105
摘要： Musical notes are produced in a computor organ or like musical instrument by computing the amplitudes at succesive sample points of a complex waveshape and converting these amplitudes to notes as the computations are carried out. A discrete Fourier algorithm is implemented to compute each amplitude from a stored set of harmonic coefficients Cn and a selected frequency number R, generally a non-integer, establishing the waveshape period. The computations, preferably digital, occur at regular time intervals tx independent of the waveshape period. At each interval tx the number R is added to the contents of a harmonic interval adder to specify the waveshape sample point gR, where g 1,2,3.... For each point gR, W individual harmonic component values sin Cnsin pi /WngR are calculated, where n 1,2,3..., W. These values are algebraically summed to obtain the waveshape amplitude, which is supplied to a digital-to-analog converter and a sound system for reproduction of the generated musical note. Attack, decay and other note amplitude modulation effects are obtained by programmatically scaling the harmonic coefficients. Foundation and mutation stops are implemented by appropriate selection of the stored harmonic coefficient values. Multiple voices are produced by adding the harmonic coefficients associated with each selected stop. In a polyphonic system, time sharing and multiplexing may be used to calculate separately the sample point amplitudes for each selected note, these amplitudes being combined to reproduce the resultant musical sound.
摘要翻译： 在计算机器官或类似乐器中通过计算复数波形的连续采样点的振幅，并将这些振幅转换为音符，从而产生音符，因为执行计算。 实现离散傅里叶算法以从存储的一组谐波系数Cn和选择的频率数R（通常为非整数）计算每个振幅，建立波形周期。 计算，优选数字，以与波形周期无关的规则时间间隔tx发生。 在每个间隔tx处，将数字R加到谐波间隔加法器的内容中以指定波形采样点gR，其中g = 1,2,3 ...对于每个点g R，W个体谐波分量值sin Cnsin pi / WngR，其中n = 1,2,3 ...，W。这些值被代数求和以获得波形幅度，其被提供给数模转换器和声音系统，用于再现所生成的 音符。
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30.发明授权公开(公告)号：US11200872B2
公开(公告)日：2021-12-14
申请号：US16480902
申请日：2018-01-25
发明人： Paul Davey , Brian Smith
摘要： This disclosure provides a transducer apparatus for an edge-blown aerophone, the edge-blown aerophone having an aerophone embouchure hole. An aerophone speaker delivers sound to a resonant chamber of the aerophone via the aerophone embouchure hole. An aerophone microphone receives, via the aerophone embouchure hole, sound in the resonant chamber. A housing provides a lip plate with a housing embouchure hole independent and separate from the aerophone embouchure hole. Breath sensors sense breath applied across the housing embouchure hole. An electronic processor, connected to the speaker, receives signals from the microphone and the breath sensors. The breath sensors provide signals indicative of breath strength. The electronic processor generates an excitation signal which is delivered as an acoustic excitation signal to the resonant chamber by the aerophone speaker. The electronic processor uses the signals it receives to determine a desired musical note which a player of the aerophone wishes to play.
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