Triple point immersion cell article

    公开(公告)号:US11204288B2

    公开(公告)日:2021-12-21

    申请号:US16567765

    申请日:2019-09-11

    Abstract: A triple point immersion cell article determines a triple point of a non-metallic analyte and includes: a first cryochamber including a first cryo-zone; a second cryochamber including a second cryo-zone that is: nested and disposed in the first cryochamber; and thermally isolated by the first cryochamber; a third cryochamber including a third cryo-zone, the third cryochamber being: nested and disposed in the second cryochamber; thermally isolated from the exterior environment by the first cryochamber and the second cryochamber; and thermally isolated from the first cryochamber by the second cryochamber; and a fourth cryochamber including a fourth cryo-zone disposed in the third cryochamber; a triple-point pressure vessel disposed in the fourth cryochamber; and a thermowell disposed in the triple-point pressure vessel.

    Photoacoustic photon meter and process for measuring photon fluence

    公开(公告)号:US11193914B2

    公开(公告)日:2021-12-07

    申请号:US16774646

    申请日:2020-01-28

    Abstract: A photoacoustic photon meter includes: a photoacoustic generative array including carbon nanotubes disposed in a photoacoustic generating pattern, such that the carbon nanotubes: receive photons comprising optical energy, and produce thermal energy from the optical energy; and a superstratum including a thermally expandable elastomer on which the photoacoustic generative array is fixedly disposed in position on the superstratum to spatially conserve the photoacoustic generating pattern, and such that the superstratum: is optically transparent to the photons; receives the thermal energy from the photoacoustic generative array; expands and contracts in response to receipt of the thermal energy; and produces photoacoustic pressure waves in response to the expansion and contraction, the photoacoustic pressure waves including a photoacoustic intensity and photoacoustic frequency that are based upon an amount of optical pressure applied to the carbon nanotubes by the photons, a spatial photon fluence of the photons, or a spectral photon fluence of photons.

    Optical refraction barometer
    37.
    发明授权

    公开(公告)号:US11175224B2

    公开(公告)日:2021-11-16

    申请号:US16938300

    申请日:2020-07-24

    Abstract: An optical refraction barometer measures pressure based on refractivity changes and includes: an optical light source; an optical frequency controller; a first optical phase controller; a first polarization controller; an electronic reference arm in optical communication with the first polarization controller; a second optical phase controller in optical communication with the optical frequency controller; a second polarization controller in optical communication with the second optical phase controller; an electronic sample arm in optical communication with the second polarization controller and in electrical communication with the second optical phase controller; a second sideband frequency generator; a mixer in electrical communication with the detector and the second sideband frequency generator; and a first sideband frequency generator in electrical communication with the mixer; and a dual fixed length optical cavity refractometer.

    TEMPORAL JITTER ANALYZER AND ANALYZING TEMPORAL JITTER

    公开(公告)号:US20210311119A1

    公开(公告)日:2021-10-07

    申请号:US17223554

    申请日:2021-04-06

    Abstract: A temporal jitter analyzer analyzes temporal jitter and includes: a time delay controller; a time delay member; a delay measurement circuit; an edge generator in communication with the time delay member and that receives the delayed primary signal from the time delay member and produces a reference signal from the delayed primary signal; a decision circuit in communication with the edge generator and that: receives the reference signal from the edge generator; receives a detector signal; and produces a raw decision signal from the detector signal such that a value of the raw decision signal depends on the reference signal; and a decision circuit readout in communication with the edge generator and the decision circuit and that: receives the reference signal from the edge generator; receives the raw decision signal from the decision circuit; and produces a decision signal from the raw decision signal based on the reference signal.

    CALIBRATION APPARATUS AND CALIBRATING CROSS-FREQUENCY PHASES OF LARGE-SIGNAL NETWORK ANALYZER MEASUREMENTS

    公开(公告)号:US20210286036A1

    公开(公告)日:2021-09-16

    申请号:US17193441

    申请日:2021-03-05

    Abstract: A calibration apparatus calibrates cross-frequency phases of large-signal network analyzer measurements and includes: a signal generator; a vector network analyzer that includes couplers and receivers that receive the calibration signal and the reference multitone signal from the signal generator; a calibration receiver that receives a calibration signal from the vector network analyzer and produces a digitized calibration temporal signal from the calibration signal; and a signal processor in communication with the signal generator and the vector network analyzer and that: receives the reference digitized signal from the reference receiver; receives the forward digitized signal from the forward coupled receiver; receives the reverse digitized signal from the reverse coupled receiver; receives the digitized calibration temporal signal from the calibration receiver; and produces a calibration factor from the reference digitized signal, the forward digitized signal, the reverse digitized signal, and the digitized calibration temporal signal.

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