摘要:
The coated noble metal element used in glass manufacture, such as a noble metal pipe, has an uncoated side that contacts a glass melt and an H2-impervious layer or an H2-impervious and O2-impervious layer, which is provided on a side opposite from the uncoated side. The H2-impervious layer or H2-impervious and O2-impervious layer is heat-resistant and is liquid or solid. In one process for providing the layer on the noble metal element an empty space between the noble metal element and a ceramic insulating jacket is filled with a coating material, and then the coating material is melted so that it wets a surface of the noble metal element. The coating material can include glass cullet, crushed glass or glass powder or is a mixture of crushed glass and ground ceramic material.
摘要:
The coated noble metal element used in glass manufacture, such as a noble metal pipe, has an uncoated side that contacts a glass melt and an H2-impervious layer or an H2-impervious and O2-impervious layer, which is provided on a side opposite from the uncoated side. The H2-impervious layer or H2-impervious and O2-impervious layer is heat-resistant and is liquid or solid. In one process for providing the layer on the noble metal element an empty space between the noble metal element and a ceramic insulating jacket is filled with a coating material, and then the coating material is melted so that it wets a surface of the noble metal element. The coating material can include glass cullet, crushed glass or glass powder or is a mixture of crushed glass and ground ceramic material.
摘要翻译:用于玻璃制造的涂覆的贵金属元素,例如贵金属管,具有与玻璃熔体和H 2 O 3不可渗透层或H 2 O 2接触的未涂覆侧 > - 不透水和O 2 - 不透水层,其设置在与未涂覆侧相对的一侧。 H 2 - 不可渗透层或H 2 O 3 - 不透水和O 2 - 不可渗透层是耐热的并且是液体或固体。 在贵金属元件上提供该层的一个方法中,贵金属元件与陶瓷绝缘护套之间的空白空间填充有涂层材料,然后熔化该涂层材料,以使其涂覆贵金属元素的表面 。 涂层材料可以包括玻璃碎片,碎玻璃或玻璃粉末,或者是碎玻璃和陶瓷陶瓷材料的混合物。
摘要:
The regionally coated noble metal element for use in glass production has an uncoated region for contacting a glass melt and a side opposite from the uncoated region is provided with an H2-impervious layer or an H2-impervious and O2-impervious layer. The H2-impervious layer or H2-impervious and O2-impervious layer has a thickness greater than or equal to 1 mm, is heat-resistant, liquid, or solid. This layer is made from at least one partly or completely crystallized glass or a glass mixture or a ceramic material. Processes for coating the noble metal element are also described. The coated metal elements can be an electrode in a distributor, a channel or melting tank, a pipe for conducting and conditioning glass melts, a shaping tool for producing pipes and rods or a jacketed platinum tube for direct heating of bottom outlets, transport equipment or charging organs, an agitator, a pipe-drawing head, a feeder head, a plunger in gob feeders, drawing tanks and drawing lips for flat glass production and fining chambers.
摘要翻译:用于玻璃制造的区域涂覆的贵金属元件具有用于使玻璃熔体接触的未涂覆区域和与未涂覆区域相对的一侧设有H 2 O 3不透水层或H 2 2 SUB> - 不透明和O 2 - 不可见层。 H 2 - 不可透过层或H 2 O 2 - 不透水和O 2 - 不可渗透层具有大于或等于1mm的厚度,是 耐热,液体或固体。 该层由至少一种部分或完全结晶的玻璃或玻璃混合物或陶瓷材料制成。 还描述了用于涂覆贵金属元素的方法。 涂覆的金属元件可以是分配器,通道或熔池中的电极,用于导电和调节玻璃熔体的管,用于生产管和棒的成型工具或用于直接加热底部出口,运输设备或 充气器,搅拌器,拔管头,给料头,料滴给料器中的柱塞,用于平板玻璃生产和澄清室的拉丝槽和拉丝嘴。
摘要:
The borosilicate glass of the invention is highly resistant to solarization, because it is free of CeO2. Also it contains 0.01 to 0.05 wt. % of Fe2O3 and 0.05 to 0.8 wt. % of TiO2. This borosilicate glass is especially advantageous for production of flash tubes, gas discharge lamps, and fluorescent tubes for brake lights and display backlights.
摘要:
To reduce the risk of damage to the refractory material, in particular caused by the formation of cracks and corrosion, the invention provides a unit, in particular a melting and/or refining unit and/or a distributor system and/or a channel system, for conductively heatable melts (30), in particular glass melts, which has a tank and at least one electrode (20), the electrode (20) passing through an opening in a wall (10) of the tank so as to be immersed in the conductively heatable melt (30), wherein the unit has an apparatus for reducing the local introduction of heating power into at least one region—adjacent to the electrode (20)—of the wall (10).
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for continuously manufacturing calibrated round or profiled glass tubes having a predetermined inner profile. In the method molten glass emerges from an outlet opening of a melt feed. The molten glass is drawn over a shaping body so as to form a hollow drawing bulb. According to the invention, the drawing bulb is drawn over a profile forming body positioned downstream of the shaping body so that inner circumferential surfaces of the drawing bulb are deformed whilst abutting against outer surfaces of the profile forming body to form the predetermined inner profile. According to the invention the distance between the shaping body and the profile forming body can be changed for varying the wall thickness of the glass tube.
摘要:
The invention relates to a borosilicate glass of high chemical resistance and low viscosity which contains zirconium oxide and lithium oxide. The borosilicate glass has hydrolytic resistance (in accordance with DIN ISO 719), class 1 acid resistance (in accordance with DIN 12116), and class 1 alkali resistance (in accordance with DIN ISO 659), and with a low operating temperature V.sub.A of between 1180.degree. C. to 1230.degree. C. and a coefficient of thermal expansion .alpha..sub.20/300 of 4.9.times.10.sup.-6 K.sup.-1. The borosilicate glass has the composition (in % by weight, based on oxide): SiO.sub.2 73-75; B.sub.2 0.sub.3 7-10; Al.sub.2 0.sub.3 5-7; ZrO.sub.2 1-3; Li.sub.2 0 0.5-1.5; Na.sub.2 0 0-10; K.sub.2 0 0-10; MgO 0-3; CaO 0-3; BaO 0-3; SrO 0-3; ZnO 0-3; ratio of SiO.sub.2 /B.sub.2 0.sub.3 .gtoreq.7.5; .SIGMA. SiO.sub.2 +Al.sub.2 0.sub.3 +ZrO.sub.2 80-83 and .SIGMA. MgO+CaO+BaO+SrO+ZnO.ltoreq.3, and fluorides 0-3. The glass is particularly suitable for use as a versatile primary packaging material for pharmaceuticals, for example as ampule glass.
摘要翻译:本发明涉及含有氧化锆和氧化锂的高耐化学性和低粘度的硼硅酸盐玻璃。 硼硅酸盐玻璃具有耐水解性(符合DIN ISO 719),1级耐酸性(符合DIN 12116)和1级耐碱性(符合DIN ISO 659标准),并具有低的工作温度VA 1180℃至1230℃,热膨胀系数α20/300为4.9×10 -6 K -1。 硼硅酸盐玻璃的组成(以重量%计,基于氧化物):SiO 2 73-75; B203 7-10; Al203 5-7; ZrO2 1-3; Li20 0.5-1.5; Na20 0-10; K20 0-10; MgO 0-3; CaO 0-3; BaO 0-3; SrO 0-3; ZnO 0-3; SiO 2 / B 2 O 3的比例> = 7.5; SIGMA SiO 2 + Al 2 O 3 + ZrO 2 80-83和SIGMA MgO + CaO + BaO + SrO + ZnO 3,氟化物0-3。 该玻璃特别适合用作药物的通用初级包装材料,例如作为安瓿玻璃。
摘要:
Methods of an apparatus for producing profiled glass tubing utilizing the Danner process comprise flowing the molten glass over profiled blowpipe heads which are "super-profiled" in that the angles of ridges and grooves are more acute than the ridges and grooves resulting in the glass tubing. The particular profiles of the glass tubing are controlled by selecting the necessary drawing speed, viscosity of the glass, internal air pressure at the blowpipe head and throughput rate of the glass melt.
摘要:
The borosilicate glass with improved solarization-resistance has a transmittance curve within an area bounded by respective curves defined by the corresponding equations τ=1.7·(λ−277) and τ=1.6·(λ−284) in a wavelength range of 283 nm to 325 nm. This glass has a composition, in wt. % based on oxide content, of: 55-82, SiO2; 10-20, B2O3; 1-10, Al2O3; 0-5, Li2O; 0-10, Na2O; 0-10, K2O; 0-10, ΣM2O; 0-5, MgO; 0-10, CaO; 0-5, SrO; 0-15, BaO; 0-15, ΣMO; 0-3, ZrO2; 0-5, ZnO; 0-2, CeO2; 0-3, WO3; 0-2, SnO2: 0-0.1, Fe2O3; 0.05-2, MoO3; 0-5, Bi2O3; 0-1, TiO2 and 0-5, oxides of selected rare earth and Group IVB to VIIIB elements. The transmittance is adjusted by varying the MoO3 content and if necessary the TiO2 and Bi2O3 content. The glass is especially suitable for use in a weathering apparatus.