公开(公告)号：US08151022B2

公开(公告)日：2012-04-03

申请号：US12352322

申请日：2009-01-12

申请人： Albert W. Wegener ,  Carl R. Crawford ,  Yi Ling

发明人： Albert W. Wegener ,  Carl R. Crawford ,  Yi Ling

IPC分类号： G06F13/12 ,  G06F13/38 ,  G06K9/36 ,  G06K9/46

CPC分类号： G06T9/00 ,  H04N19/15 ,  H04N19/17 ,  H04N19/196

摘要： A method and apparatus compress projection data and store the compressed projection data in a rotatable part that is mounted for rotation within a stationary part. The data acquisition source, compressor and storage device are connected to the rotatable part. The compressor compresses projection data samples provided by the data acquisition source to form compressed packets. The compressed packets are stored in the storage device, for example one or more solid state drives mounted on the rotatable part. A data access array contains information related to the location of the stored compressed packets. Compressed packets are retrieved and transferred across the interface to the stationary part. A decompressor at the stationary part decompresses the received compressed packets to form decompressed samples of the corresponding projection data. This abstract does not limit the scope of the invention as described in the claims.

摘要翻译： 一种方法和装置压缩投影数据并将压缩的投影数据存储在安装成在静止部分内旋转的可旋转部分中。 数据采集​​源，压缩机和存储设备连接到可旋转部件。 压缩器压缩由数据采集源提供的投影数据样本以形成压缩分组。 压缩的数据包被存储在存储设备中，例如一个或多个安装在可旋转部件上的固态驱动器。 数据访问阵列包含与存储的压缩数据包的位置有关的信息。 压缩的数据包被检索并通过接口传输到固定部分。 固定部分的解压缩器解压缩接收到的压缩数据包，形成相应投影数据的解压缩样本。 该摘要并不限制如权利要求中所述的本发明的范围。

公开(公告)号：US20100128998A1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-27

申请号：US12352322

申请日：2009-01-12

申请人： Albert W. Wegener ,  Carl R. Crawford ,  Yi Ling

发明人： Albert W. Wegener ,  Carl R. Crawford ,  Yi Ling

IPC分类号： G06K9/46

CPC分类号： G06T9/00 ,  H04N19/15 ,  H04N19/17 ,  H04N19/196

摘要： A method and apparatus compress projection data and store the compressed projection data in a rotatable part that is mounted for rotation within a stationary part. The data acquisition source, compressor and storage device are connected to the rotatable part. The compressor compresses projection data samples provided by the data acquisition source to form compressed packets. The compressed packets are stored in the storage device, for example one or more solid state drives mounted on the rotatable part. A data access array contains information related to the location of the stored compressed packets. Compressed packets are retrieved and transferred across the interface to the stationary part. A decompressor at the stationary part decompresses the received compressed packets to form decompressed samples of the corresponding projection data. This abstract does not limit the scope of the invention as described in the claims.

摘要翻译： 一种方法和装置压缩投影数据并将压缩的投影数据存储在安装成在静止部分内旋转的可旋转部分中。 数据采集​​源，压缩机和存储设备连接到可旋转部件。 压缩器压缩由数据采集源提供的投影数据样本以形成压缩分组。 压缩的数据包被存储在存储设备中，例如一个或多个安装在可旋转部件上的固态驱动器。 数据访问阵列包含与存储的压缩数据包的位置有关的信息。 压缩的数据包被检索并通过接口传输到固定部分。 固定部分的解压缩器解压缩接收到的压缩数据包，形成相应投影数据的解压缩样本。 该摘要并不限制如权利要求中所述的本发明的范围。

公开(公告)号：US07539337B2

公开(公告)日：2009-05-26

申请号：US11183378

申请日：2005-07-18

申请人： Sergey Simanovsky ,  Zhengrong Ying ,  Carl R. Crawford

发明人： Sergey Simanovsky ,  Zhengrong Ying ,  Carl R. Crawford

IPC分类号： G06K9/00

CPC分类号： G06K9/00771 ,  G01T1/2985 ,  G01V5/0041 ,  G01V5/005 ,  G06K9/6219

摘要： A method of and a system for splitting a compound object using multi-energy CT data including a density and an atomic number measurements are provided. The method comprises: compound object detection; computing a two-dimensional DZ distribution of a compound object; identifying clusters within the DZ distribution; assigning a component label to each object voxel based on the DZ distribution clusters; and post-processing the set of voxels identified as belonging to each component.

摘要翻译： 提供了使用包括密度和原子序数测量的多能量CT数据来分割复合对象的方法和系统。 该方法包括：复合物体检测; 计算复合对象的二维DZ分布; 识别DZ分布中的簇; 基于DZ分布集群为每个对象体素分配一个组件标签; 并且后处理被识别为属于每个组件的一组体素。

公开(公告)号：US07302083B2

公开(公告)日：2007-11-27

申请号：US10883199

申请日：2004-07-01

申请人： Gregory L. Larson ,  Sergey Simanovsky ,  Zhengrong Ying ,  Carl R. Crawford

发明人： Gregory L. Larson ,  Sergey Simanovsky ,  Zhengrong Ying ,  Carl R. Crawford

IPC分类号： G06K9/00 ,  G01N23/04

CPC分类号： G06T7/0004 ,  G06T2207/10081 ,  G06T2207/30112

摘要： A method of and a system for sharp object detection using computed tomography images are provided. The method comprises identifying voxels corresponding to individual objects; performing eigen-analysis and generating eigen-projection of an identified object; computing an axial concavity ratio of the identified object; computing a pointness measurement of the identified object; computing a flat area of the identified object; calculating a sharpness score of the identified object; and declaring the identified object as a threat if the sharpness score is greater than a pre-defined threshold.

摘要翻译： 提供了使用计算机断层摄影图像进行尖锐物体检测的方法和系统。 该方法包括识别与各个对象相对应的体素; 执行特征分析并产生识别对象的特征投影; 计算所识别的物体的轴向凹度比; 计算所识别对象的点测量; 计算所识别对象的平坦区域; 计算识别对象的锐度得分; 并且如果清晰度得分大于预定义的阈值，则将所识别的对象声明为威胁。

公开(公告)号：US07190757B2

公开(公告)日：2007-03-13

申请号：US10850910

申请日：2004-05-21

申请人： Zhengrong Ying ,  Ram Naidu ,  Sergey Simanovsky ,  Carl R. Crawford

发明人： Zhengrong Ying ,  Ram Naidu ,  Sergey Simanovsky ,  Carl R. Crawford

IPC分类号： A61B6/00

CPC分类号： G01N23/046 ,  G01N2223/419

摘要： A method of and a system for computing Z (effective atomic number) images from projection data are provided, wherein the projections are acquired using at least two x-ray spectra for a set of scanned objects, including a set of low energy projections and a set of high energy projections; the method comprises decomposing the low energy projections and high energy projections into photoelectric projections, reconstructing the photoelectric projections into photoelectric images, reconstructing one of the two sets of projections into CT images, and computing Z images from the CT images and the photoelectric images with parameters obtained from a calibration procedure.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于从投影数据计算Z（有效原子序号）图像的方法和系统，其中使用用于一组扫描对象的至少两个X射线光谱来获取投影，包括一组低能量投影和 一套高能量投影; 该方法包括将低能量投影和高能量投影分解为光电投影，将光电投影重建为光电图像，将两组投影中的一个重建为CT图像，并从CT图像和光电图像中计算Z图像 从校准程序获得。

公开(公告)号：US06317509B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-13

申请号：US09022059

申请日：1998-02-11

申请人： Sergey Simanovsky ,  Ibrahim M. Bechwati ,  Muzaffer Hiraoglu ,  Carl R. Crawford

发明人： Sergey Simanovsky ,  Ibrahim M. Bechwati ,  Muzaffer Hiraoglu ,  Carl R. Crawford

IPC分类号： G06K900

CPC分类号： G01V5/005 ,  G01N33/22 ,  G06K9/00771 ,  G06K2209/09

摘要： A method and apparatus detects sheet explosives in computed tomography (CT) data. In particular, sheet-shaped objects such as sheet explosives can be discriminated from other object shapes and detected. The detection includes analyzing a neighborhood of voxels surrounding a test voxel. If the density of the test voxel is sufficiently different from the mean density of the neighboring voxels, then it is concluded that the test voxel is associated with a sheet object. Sheet objects can also be detected by eroding the CT data so as to eliminate voxels associated with thin objects. Remaining objects are then subtracted from the original data, leaving only thin sheet-shaped objects. Erosion of the data can be performed by identifying a neighborhood of voxels surrounding a voxel of interest. If the number of voxels having densities below a predetermined threshold exceeds a predetermined number, then it is assumed that the test voxel is a surface voxel and is removed from the object. A connectivity process can be applied to voxels to combine them into objects after sheets are detected to prevent sheets from being inadvertently removed from the data by erosion. A dilation function can then be performed on the eroded object to replace surface voxels removed by erosion. A corrected mass using the mean eroded density of the object can be computed and compared to mass thresholds to classify the object as to whether it poses a threat. Multiple mass thresholds can be used, each of which is associated with a particular density range based on the density of an expected threat object.

摘要翻译： 计算机断层摄影（CT）数据中的方法和装置检测片状炸药。 特别地，片状物体如片状炸药可以与其他物体形状区分开来并进行检测。 检测包括分析围绕测试体素的体素的邻域。 如果测试体素的密度与相邻体元的平均密度有很大的不同，则可以得出结论，测试体素与片材物体相关联。 也可以通过侵蚀CT数据来检测片材物体，以消除与薄物体相关联的体素。 然后从原始数据中减去剩余对象，只留下薄片状物体。 可以通过识别感兴趣的体素周围的体素的邻域来执行数据的侵蚀。 如果具有低于预定阈值的密度的体素的数量超过预定数量，则假设测试体素是表面体素并且从对象中移除。 可以将连接过程应用于体素，以便在检测到页面之后将其组合到对象中，以防止纸张被侵蚀从而无意中从数据中移除。 然后可以对侵蚀的物体执行扩张功能，以取代被侵蚀除去的表面体素。 可以计算使用对象的平均侵蚀密度的校正质量，并将其与质量阈值进行比较，以对对象是否构成威胁进行分类。 可以使用多个质量阈值，每个质量阈值基于预期威胁对象的密度与特定密度范围相关联。

公开(公告)号：US5970113A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-19

申请号：US948928

申请日：1997-10-10

申请人： Carl R. Crawford ,  Hans J. Weedon ,  Christopher C. Ruth

发明人： Carl R. Crawford ,  Hans J. Weedon ,  Christopher C. Ruth

IPC分类号： G01V5/00 ,  G01N23/00

CPC分类号： G01V5/005

摘要： A method and apparatus for performing CT scans of baggage being carried or loaded onto commercial aircraft are described. The CT baggage scanner of the invention includes numerous features which provide the system with high baggage throughput on the order of seven hundred bags per hour as well as improved image quality and accurate target detection. In one aspect, the scanner includes an adaptive image reconstruction window which identifies data collected from the field of view that are not related to the baggage being scanned. These unrelated data are excluded from the image reconstruction process, resulting in greatly reduced reconstruction time and increased baggage throughput. The invention also includes the capability of performing calibration "air scans" with objects such as the system conveyor in the field of view. Data gathered during the calibration scan are applied to a threshold, and data exceeding the threshold are assumed to be from X-rays that are unobstructed by objects in the field of view and are therefore used to perform the air calibration. The baggage scanner can also analyze scan data to identify shapes of objects, particularly, objects formed in the shape of a sheet. This greatly improves the ability of the system to detect sheet explosives. The system also compensates for detector dark currents and provides dark current offsets which can be dependent upon detector temperature.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于对携带或加载到商用飞机上的行李进行CT扫描的方法和装置。 本发明的CT行李扫描器包括许多特征，为系统提供每小时七百袋的高行李吞吐量，以及改进的图像质量和精确的目标检测。 在一个方面，扫描器包括自适应图像重建窗口，其识别从视场收集的与正在扫描的行李无关的数据。 这些不相关的数据从图像重建过程中排除，从而大大减少了重建时间和增加了行李吞吐量。 本发明还包括在视场中执行诸如系统输送机之类的物体的校准“空气扫描”的能力。 在校准扫描期间收集的数据被应用于阈值，并且超过阈值的数据被假设为来自视场中的物体不受阻挡的X射线，因此用于执行空气校准。 行李扫描器还可以分析扫描数据以识别物体的形状，特别是形成为片状形状的物体。 这大大提高了系统检测片状炸药的能力。 该系统还补偿检测器暗电流，并提供暗电流偏移，这取决于检测器温度。

公开(公告)号：US5887047A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-23

申请号：US948697

申请日：1997-10-10

申请人： Eric M. Bailey ,  Carl R. Crawford ,  Alexander I. Greenberg ,  Christopher C. Ruth

发明人： Eric M. Bailey ,  Carl R. Crawford ,  Alexander I. Greenberg ,  Christopher C. Ruth

IPC分类号： A61B6/03 ,  G01N23/04 ,  G06T15/00

CPC分类号： A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/027 ,  Y10S378/901

摘要： A nutating slice CT image reconstruction apparatus and method generates a set of projection data using helical cone-beam scanning. The three-dimensional projection data is used to reconstruct a series of planar image slices. The slices are selected such that they define a tilt angle and a rotation angle with respect to the longitudinal axes of the object being scanned. Successive slices have equal tilt angles but changing rotation angles such that normal axes of successive slices define a nutation and precession about the longitudinal axis of the object. Projection data for the tilted slices are formed of selected one-dimensional fan-beam data. As such, the projection data can be applied to conventional two-dimensional reconstruction approaches to generate an image. The projection data can also be used to generate two-dimensional projection images at one or more stationary projection angles through an object being scanned. The nutation or tilt of image volume elements can be compensated for to provide a more accurate image and more accurate target assessment such as accurate total mass determination. A parallel processing architecture can be used to generate and process the nutated slices with improved efficiency.

摘要翻译： 章动切片CT图像重建装置和方法使用螺旋锥束扫描产生一组投影数据。 三维投影数据用于重建一系列平面图像切片。 切片被选择为使得它们相对于被扫描物体的纵向轴线限定倾斜角度和旋转角度。 连续切片具有相等的倾斜角度，但是改变旋转角度，使得连续切片的法线定义关于物体的纵向轴线的章动和进动。 倾斜切片的投影数据由选定的一维扇形光束数据形成。 因此，投影数据可以应用于常规的二维重建方法以产生图像。 投影数据还可用于通过被扫描物体在一个或多个固定投影角度产生二维投影图像。 可以补偿图像体积元件的章动或倾斜，以提供更准确的图像和更准确的目标评估，例如准确的总质量确定。 可以使用并行处理架构来提高效率来生成和处理章程切片。

公开(公告)号：US5361291A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-01

申请号：US796113

申请日：1991-11-20

申请人： Thomas L. Toth ,  Carl R. Crawford ,  Kevin F. King

发明人： Thomas L. Toth ,  Carl R. Crawford ,  Kevin F. King

IPC分类号： A61B6/03 ,  G06T11/00 ,  G01N23/083

CPC分类号： A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4021 ,  G06T11/005 ,  Y10S378/901

摘要： A CT apparatus for reducing aliasing in reconstructed images uses an x-ray tube with a translatable focal spot to double the spatial sampling rate, over that achieved by a conventional CT machine. Radial resolution artifacts in the image, identified to the "bleeding through" of previous samples from different focal spot positions into the present sample are removed by a convolution process employing the inverse of the detector transfer function. Timing of the data sampling with respect to the changing of the wobble positions is also employed to minimize the bleed through and to improve signal-to-noise ratio.

摘要翻译： 用于减少重建图像中的混叠的CT装置使用具有可平移焦点的X射线管将空间采样速率提高一倍，超过常规CT机实现的。 通过使用检测器传递函数的倒数的卷积处理，去​​除了识别为从先前样品从不同焦斑位置到本样品的“渗透”的图像中的径向分辨率伪像。 关于摆动位置改变的数据采样的定时也用于使渗流最小化并提高信噪比。

公开(公告)号：US5270923A

公开(公告)日：1993-12-14

申请号：US430372

申请日：1989-11-02

申请人： Kevin F. King ,  Albert H. R. Lonn ,  Carl R. Crawford

发明人： Kevin F. King ,  Albert H. R. Lonn ,  Carl R. Crawford

IPC分类号： G01N23/04 ,  A61B6/03 ,  G01T1/161 ,  G06T1/00 ,  G06T11/00 ,  H04N1/04 ,  H04N3/30 ,  G06F15/42

CPC分类号： A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/027 ,  G06T11/005

摘要： A method of reducing image artifacts in images acquired with fan beam, helical scanning, tomographic imaging systems uses half scans of less than 360.degree. of projection data of an imaged object on each side of the slice plane being imaged. The half scans are weighted with half scan weighting factors to compensate for redundant data and are weighted with helical scanning weighting factors to interpolate the half scans projection data to projection data at the slice plane. The imaged object may be moved one slice thickness for each 360.degree. of scanning so that the half scans are concentrated closer to the slice plane thereby reducing interpolation errors. Alternatively, for a series of slice images, the imaged object may be moved one slice thickness for each half scan to reduce average slice acquisition time.