公开(公告)号：US06839772B1

公开(公告)日：2005-01-04

申请号：US09786557

申请日：1999-09-02

申请人： Jacek Kowalski ,  Bruno Charrat

发明人： Jacek Kowalski ,  Bruno Charrat

IPC分类号： G06K7/00 ,  G11B25/04 ,  G06F3/00

CPC分类号： G06K7/0004

摘要： The invention relates to a chip card reader (10) comprising a central processing unit (20) comprising means (MP2, MEM2, PG20, 23) for emitting and receiving, on a communication bus (60), binary messages with a first format determined by a communication protocol for contact chip card, a card receiving device (40) comprising a contact card connector (42) connected to the central processing unit (20) by means of the communication bus (60), and a read head (30) for contactless chip card (53) comprising a serial interface (31). According to the invention, the serial interface (31) of the contactless read head (30) is directly connected at least to a data wire (I/O) of the communication bus, and the contactless read head (30) is arranged in a hardware and/or software way so that it does not respond to a contact chip card activation command and responds to a specific activation command (ACTIV) different from a contact chip card activation command.

公开(公告)号：US06212105B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-03

申请号：US09523048

申请日：2000-03-10

申请人： Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： G11C1606

CPC分类号： G11C16/105 ,  G06K19/0723 ,  G11C16/102 ,  H03K21/403

摘要： The present invention relates to a method for recording a binary word (BW) by means of electrically erasable and programmable type memory cells (Ci,j) organized in word lines (Wli), in which there are provided at least two word lines (WLi, XWLi) that can be erased or programmed independently of each other, the binary word is recorded in one of said word lines (XWLi) and, simultaneously, the other word line (XWLi) is erased. The invention is applied to the making of a memory system (10), a binary counter and an abacus counter that are secured.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种通过以字线（Wli）组织的电可擦除可编程型存储单元（Ci，j）来记录二进制字（BW）的方法，其中提供至少两个字线（WLi ，XWLi），可以彼此独立地擦除或编程，二进制字被记录在所述字线（XWLi）之一中，并且同时擦除另一字线（XWLi）。 本发明应用于存储系统（10），二进制计数器和算盘计数器的制造。

公开(公告)号：US6152367A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-28

申请号：US043762

申请日：1998-03-26

申请人： Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： G06K19/073 ,  G07F7/10 ,  H04L9/32 ,  G06K5/00

CPC分类号： G06Q20/341 ,  G06Q20/40975 ,  G07F7/1008 ,  H04L9/3226 ,  H04L9/3273 ,  H04L2209/12

摘要： An authentication method for a wired-logic microcircuit mounted on a support and a microcircuit reading terminal. The microcircuit is provided with a memory which has data readable by the terminal. A secret code of the microcircuit is arranged in a region of the memory that is not readable by the terminal. The microcircuit generates an authentication code from the data in the memory that is readable by the terminal, the secret code and a random code. The terminal generates an authentication code from the data in the microcircuit memory that is readable by the terminal, a secret code provided to the terminal by a microcircuit user and random code, and the authentication code generated by the microcircuit is compared with the authentication code generated by the terminal.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / FR96 / 01524 Sec。 371日期：1998年3月26日 102（e）1998年3月26日PCT PCT 1996年10月1日PCT公布。 公开号WO97 / 14119 日期1997年04月17日安装在支架和微电路阅读终端上的有线逻辑微电路的认证方法。 微电路具有可由终端读取的数据的存储器。 微型电路的密码被配置在存储器的不能被终端读取的区域中。 微型电路从存储器中的数据生成可由终端读取的认证码，秘密码和随机码。 终端从终端可读的微电路存储器中的数据生成认证码，由微电路用户提供给终端的密码和随机码，并将由微电路产生的认证码与生成的认证码进行比较 由终端。

公开(公告)号：US6058481A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-02

申请号：US43761

申请日：1998-03-26

申请人： Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： G07F7/10 ,  H04L9/06 ,  G09C3/08

CPC分类号： G07F7/1008 ,  G06Q20/341 ,  G06Q20/40975 ,  H04L9/0637

摘要： A logic machine and a circuit for producing an authentication code for authenticating smart cards which include a cycle of steps wherein a bit word is read out of a secret memory with a plurality of bit words, and words read out during previous cycles are combined. The result of the combination is used as a generator word for generating the address of the word to be read out in the next cycle.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / FR96 / 01541 Sec。 371日期：1998年3月26日 102（e）1998年3月26日PCT PCT 1996年10月1日PCT公布。 公开号WO97 / 14120 PCT 日期1997年04月17日一种用于产生用于认证智能卡的认证码的逻辑机器和电路，其包括步骤的循环，其中从具有多个位字的秘密存储器中读出位字，以及在先前 循环结合。 组合的结果被用作生成单词，用于在下一个周期中生成要读出的单词的地址。

公开(公告)号：US6038190A

公开(公告)日：2000-03-14

申请号：US207001

申请日：1998-12-07

申请人： Jacek Kowalski ,  Michel Martin

发明人： Jacek Kowalski ,  Michel Martin

IPC分类号： G11C5/14 ,  G11C16/12 ,  G11C16/22 ,  G11C16/06

CPC分类号： G06K19/0701 ,  G11C16/12 ,  G11C16/225 ,  G11C5/143

摘要： To reduce the risks of erroneous data writing into an electrically erasable and programmable non-volatile memory (10) (EEPROM) when a failure in the memory (10) voltage supply (Vcc) occurs during a programming or erasing operation, the memory (10) comprising means (30) of generating programming or erasing high voltage (Vpp), means (SW.sub.i, TI.sub.i,) are provided for maintaining the high voltage (Vpp) supply to the cells (C.sub.i,j) of the memory and capacity (Chv, CR.sub.2) of sufficient power to maintain the high voltage (Vpp) during the time required for the programming or erasing operation. The invention is useful particularly for EEPROM memories mounted on chip cards and electronic labels.

摘要翻译： 为了减少在编程或擦除操作期间发生存储器（10）电压供应（Vcc）中的故障时将错误数据写入电可擦除可编程非易失性存储器（10）（EEPROM）的风险，存储器 ）包括用于产生编程或擦除高电压（Vpp）的装置（30），用于保持对存储器和容量（Chv）的单元（Ci，j）的高电压（Vpp）电压的装置（SWi，TIi） ，CR2）具有足够的功率以在编程或擦除操作所需的时间期间保持高电压（Vpp）。 本发明特别适用于安装在芯片卡和电子标签上的EEPROM存储器。

公开(公告)号：US5982647A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-09

申请号：US237108

申请日：1999-01-26

申请人： Michel Martin ,  Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Michel Martin ,  Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： G11C16/06 ,  G06K7/00 ,  G06K19/07 ,  G11C5/14 ,  H02M3/07

CPC分类号： G06K19/0713 ,  G06K19/0723 ,  G06K7/0008 ,  G11C5/142

摘要： An integrated circuit (30) for non-contact operation by means of at least one coil (L) forming a tuned resonant circuit with a tuning capacitor (C.sub.A), including a charge pump (10) with two clock inputs (E.sub.1 E.sub.2), wherein the clock inputs (E.sub.1 E.sub.2) of the charge pump (10) are constantly connected to the terminals of the coil (L), at least during the periods of non-contact operation of the integrated circuit, whereby the charge pump, seen from the clock inputs thereof, is a constant component of the tuning capacitor of the tuned resonant circuit.

摘要翻译： 一种用于通过形成具有调谐电容器（CA）的调谐谐振电路的至少一个线圈（L）进行非接触操作的集成电路（30），包括具有两个时钟输入（E1 E2）的电荷泵（10） 其中，至少在集成电路的非接触操作期间，电荷泵（10）的时钟输入（E1 E2）恒定地连接到线圈（L）的端子，从而从电荷泵 其时钟输入是调谐谐振电路的调谐电容器的恒定分量。

公开(公告)号：US5552621A

公开(公告)日：1996-09-03

申请号：US331871

申请日：1994-11-01

申请人： Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： G11C17/00 ,  G11C16/02 ,  G11C16/04 ,  G11C17/04 ,  H01L21/8247 ,  H01L27/115 ,  H01L29/788 ,  H01L29/792 ,  H01L29/94

CPC分类号： G11C16/0416 ,  G11C16/02 ,  H01L27/115 ,  H01L29/94

摘要： In a memory cell of an EEPROM or flash-EEPROM memory, the source and the drain of a floating-gate transistor forming the non-volatile memorizing device are connected together. It is shown that the capacitive behavior of the cell is then differentiated at the time of the reading depending on whether it is in a programmed state or in an erased state. This difference in behavior is used to differentiate the logic states.

摘要翻译： 在EEPROM或闪存EEPROM存储器的存储单元中，形成非易失存储器件的浮栅晶体管的源极和漏极连接在一起。 示出了在读取时，根据其是处于编程状态还是处于擦除状态，单元的电容性能被微分。 这种行为差异用于区分逻辑状态。

公开(公告)号：US5442589A

公开(公告)日：1995-08-15

申请号：US143185

申请日：1993-10-26

申请人： Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： H01L21/82 ,  G06K19/07 ,  G11C16/04 ,  G11C17/16 ,  H01L21/8247 ,  H01L23/525 ,  H01L27/10 ,  H01L27/115

CPC分类号： G11C16/0433 ,  G06K19/07 ,  G11C17/16 ,  H01L23/5256 ,  H01L2924/0002

摘要： A fuse circuit including: a physical fuse; a detection circuit for the detection of the state of the physical fuse; and an electrically programmable non-volatile memory cell associated with the physical fuse, programmed when the physical fuse is blown and connected to the detection circuit so that, when the electrically programmable non-volatile memory cell is programmed, the electrically programmable non-volatile memory cell confirms the blown state of the physical fuse even if the characteristics of the blown state of the physical fuse change with time.

摘要翻译： 一种保险丝电路，包括：物理保险丝; 用于检测物理保险丝的状态的检测电路; 以及与所述物理熔丝相关联的电可编程非易失性存储单元，其在所述物理熔丝被熔断并被连接到所述检测电路时被编程，使得当所述电可编程非易失性存储单元被编程时，所述电可编程非易失性存储器 即使物理保险丝的熔断状态的特性随时间而变化，电池确认物理保险丝的熔断状态。

公开(公告)号：US5420412A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-30

申请号：US8517

申请日：1993-01-25

申请人： Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： G06F13/00 ,  G06K7/00 ,  G06K19/07 ,  G07F7/10 ,  H04L29/06 ,  G06K19/06

CPC分类号： G07F7/1008 ,  G06K19/07733 ,  G06K7/0008 ,  G06Q20/341 ,  G06Q20/4097

摘要： The invention relates to PC-cards.In order to permit communications between readers operating according to several different communication protocols, according to the invention said card comprises:several conversion circuits (CNV1, CNV2, CNV3), each of which is able to convert into instructions performable by the card the electrical signals received from the reader according to a given protocol, each of the different conversion circuits corresponding to a different communication protocol,and a protocol selection circuit (CNVA, L0, L1, L2, L3, G1 to G6), incorporating an auxiliary conversion circuit (CNVA), the latter being able to produce specific instructions performable by the card, said specific instructions being used for the selection of one of the conversion circuits and being produced from electrical signals which can be produced in all the protocols.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及PC卡。 为了允许根据若干不同通信协议操作的读取器之间的通信，根据本发明，所述卡包括：几个转换电路（CNV1，CNV2，CNV3），每个转换电路能够转换成由卡执行的指令，电信号 根据给定的协议从读取器接收每个不同的转换电路对应于不同的通信协议，以及协议选择电路（CNVA，L0，L1，L2，L3，G1至G6），其包括辅助转换电路 CNVA），后者能够产生可由卡执行的特定指令，所述特定指令用于选择一个转换电路并由可以在所有协议中产生的电信号产生。

公开(公告)号：US08870193B2

公开(公告)日：2014-10-28

申请号：US13656769

申请日：2012-10-22

申请人： Jacek Kowalski

发明人： Jacek Kowalski

IPC分类号： A63C17/02 ,  A63C17/06 ,  A63C5/035 ,  A63C17/16 ,  A63C17/01 ,  A63C17/04 ,  A63C17/00 ,  A63C17/14

CPC分类号： A63C5/035 ,  A63C17/0033 ,  A63C17/012 ,  A63C17/013 ,  A63C17/016 ,  A63C17/045 ,  A63C17/064 ,  A63C17/1436 ,  A63C17/16 ,  A63C2203/20

摘要： The invention is a dry surface skiing apparatus including a leading self-steering swivel caster and trailing non self-steering swivel caster. It offers major safety improvements compared to the existing prior art. Its operation closer resembles modern carving ski and eliminates problems such as swivel caster flutter and undesirable drift effect with rotary turns. It also adds the ability to brake. Elimination of flutter is achieved by application of non self-steering trailing swivel caster which is cross connected to the leading self-steering swivel casters by a steering system. The ground friction of the wheel in the trailing swivel caster dampens the flutter. At the same time since the rear wheel turns in the opposite way to the front wheel, a carved turn is achieved in a similar manner to flexing a carving ski along its entire length. In order to facilitate braking wing like members are attached to the outer edge of each ski which allow transmitting friction of ski pole tips to the ski platform.

摘要翻译： 本发明是一种干式滑雪装置，其包括前导自转转向旋转脚轮和拖尾非自转转向脚轮。 与现有的现有技术相比，它提供了重要的安全性改进。 其操作更接近于现代雕刻滑雪板，并消除了旋转脚轮颤动和旋转匝间不良漂移效应等问题。 它还增加了刹车的能力。 通过应用通过转向系统交叉连接到前导自转转向脚轮的非自行转向拖尾旋转脚轮来实现消除颤振。 尾部旋转脚轮中的车轮的磨擦摩擦会阻挡颤振。 同时，由于后轮以与前轮相反的方式转动，所以以类似的方式实现雕刻转弯，以沿其整个长度弯曲雕刻滑雪板。 为了便于制动，翼状的构件附接到每个滑雪板的外边缘，这允许将滑雪杖尖部的摩擦传递到滑雪平台。